Piloting the 1st Well-Test-Logging in the Middle East, Paving the Way to Low-Cost Dynamic Reservoir Characterization and Well Value Optimization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Nguyen ◽  
Antoine Jacques ◽  
Vincent Jaffrezic ◽  
Yann Bigno ◽  
Amr Mohamed Serry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Fracture Characterization ◽  
Inflow Control Device

Abstract The development of carbonate reservoirs of a giant field, Offshore Abu Dhabi, requires long horizontal wells to maximize productivity, but at the risk of unwanted gas and water channeling through its inherent heterogeneities. Conformance can be enhanced with dedicated segmented completions (blank sections, Inflow Control Device, Autonomous Inflow Control Device, etc.) or selective acid stimulation (diverter, Limited Entry Liner), which are increasingly implemented to extend well life, and eventually well value. If these technologies have matured, success depends heavily on the quality of the formation knowledge prior to completion. As of today, conventional logs provide the basic ground, but they lack dynamic information, whereas production logging results are obtained too late, when the well is already completed. Initially introduced for the optimization of unconventional well completions (see Jacques et al, URTEC 2019), the Well Testing Logging (WTLog) offers the advantage to record a log of mobility, at the end of drilling the openhole, enabling a favorable timing to influence adapted completion and stimulation design. Contrasted viscosity brines are sequentially circulated through the drill pipes at a constant rate and back-produced from the casing at constant pressure. The fluids interface travels in the drain from the TD to the casing shoe, and the measurement of the differential formation seepage is interpreted into an injectivity profile. Combined with rate fall-off phase analysis, permeability and skin logs are derived. Lasting a few hours and realized with conventional rig equipment (such as cement pumps, coriolis flowmeters, Managed Pressure Drilling system), it is a nonintrusive, safe, and ultimately low-cost operation. Forward, it can replace costly logging, when aimed at characterizing heterogeneities. Within a year, the two first WTLog pilots of the Middle East were successfully designed and carried out. They targeted two appraisal wells in distinct undeveloped reservoirs (Cretaceous and Upper Jurassic formations) which benefited from rich acquisition programs (Image log, Production log) to benchmark and qualify this technology. After an explanation of the technology principles, this paper describes the design, operations, and results of these pilots. It then focuses on the petrophysical consolidation of the matrix/fracture characterization. It concludes by sharing the learnings and offers insight to what extent it is a promising technology to be applied in Middle East carbonate reservoir developments.

scholarly journals Pressure and pressure derivative analysis for non-newtonian pseudoplastic fluids in double-porosity formations

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Freddy-Humberto Escobar ◽  
Angela-Patricia Zambrano ◽  
Diana-Vanessa Giraldo ◽  
José-Humberto Cantillo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Well Test Analysis ◽  
Pressure Derivative ◽  
Derivative Analysis

Non-Newtonian fluids are often used during various drilling, workover and enhanced oil recovery processes. Most of the fracturing fluids injected into reservoir-bearing formations possess non-Newtonian nature and these fluids are often approximated by Newtonian fluid flow models. In the field of well testing, several analytical and numerical models taking into account Bingham, pseudoplastic and dilatant non-Newtonian behavior have been introduced in the literature to study their transient nature in porous media for a better reservoir characterization. Most of them deal with fracture wells and homogeneous formations and well test interpretation is conducted via the straight-line conventional analysis or type-curve matching. Only a few studies consider the pressure derivative analysis. However, there exists a need of a more practical and accurate way of characterizing such systems. So far, it does not exist any methodology to characterize heterogeneous formation bearing non-Newtonian fluids through of well test analysis.  In this study, an interpretation methodology using the pressure and pressure derivative log-log plot is presented for non-Newtonian fluids in naturally fractured formations, so the dimensionless fracture storativity ratio, ω, and interporosity flow parameter, λ, are obtained from characteristics points found on such plot. The developed equations and correlations are successfully verified by their application only to synthetic well test data since no actual field data are available. A good match is found between the results provided by the proposed technique and the values used to generate the simulated data.  

Application of Tubing Stem Test as Alternative Low-Cost Solution for Dynamic Reservoir Evaluation: Case Study from Appraisal Well in Offshore Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adhi Naharindra ◽  
Mohd Hisham Abd Hamid ◽  
A Ghafar A Halim ◽  
Sarah M Affandi ◽  
W M W Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Reservoir Evaluation

Abstract This paper demonstrate a unique combination of techniques and equipment that enabled dynamic reservoir evaluation process using simplified Drill Stem Test (DST) string and completion accessories. The well testing was conducted on a shallow slanted offshore well, drilled into faulted reservoirs with multilayer and complex fluids environment. Key technical challenges to perform well testing includes designing a custom DST string to cater for the multilayer reservoir and articulating a surface well testing equipment that capable of efficient separation to ensure safe and environmental friendly disposal while having accurate flowrate measurements, to deliver good interpretable data given that the uncertainty and complexity of the formation and the well itself. During drilling campaign, contingency plan to mitigate against losses was implemented which had a significant impact on the well testing program. As such, uncertainty-based well test design and interpretation methodology was used to address this and to achieve well objectives. This involved numerical model analysis considering reservoir uncertainties and their interaction with each other, to identify which parameters can be interpret confidently and to indicate the test duration for the well testing program. Since the area is nearby to producing fields, several cases model based on reservoir pressure regime was also constructed during the design stage to tolerate flexibilities for the decision tree. The well testing was successfully conducted result from integrated approach to well test design and realtime data support throughout the operation along with innovative DST string design, customize completion accessories for multiple zones testing and adaptive intervention tools for highly deviated well. Matching with nearby wells were also conducted during monitoring to predict future pressure behaviour which allow for the duration of final build-up to be optimized. Given that Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) is the top of priority, an important aspect of the surface well testing package was the water treatment equipment to treat the produced water from reservoir before being discharge in order to guarantee safe environmental disposal. The well was successfully test at maximum flowrate 2,000bpd of oil and 20MMscf/d of gas with traces of produced water. Data gathered thru the Tubing Stem Test (TST) can used to interpret reservoir parameters and all the well testing objectives were successfully achieved despite the many challenges encountered during the drilling campaign and design stage. The end results may contradict traditional testing methods for pressure transient analysis, but hopefully this paper might create the opportunity to replicate TST as quick and effective reservoir evaluation in other parts of the world.

Bringing Flexibility and Automation to Well Testing Operations Through Wireless Telemetry - Case Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Temer ◽  
Deiveindran Subramaniam ◽  
Yermek Kaipov ◽  
Carlos Merino ◽  
Vladimirovich Latvin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Field Development

Abstract Dynamic reservoir data are a key driver for operators to meet the forecasted production investments of their fields. However, many challenges during well testing, such as reduced exploration and capex budgets, complex geologic structures, and inclement weather conditions that reduce the well testing time window can prevent them from gathering critical reservoir characterization data needed to make more informed field development planning decisions. To overcome these challenges, a live, downhole reservoir testing platform enabled the most representative reservoir information in real time and connected more zones of interest in a single run for appraisal wells in the Sea of Okhotsk, Russia. This paper describes the test requirements, the prejob planning, and automated execution of wirelessly enabled operations that led to the successful completion of the well test campaign in very hostile conditions, a remote area, and restricted period. The use of a telemetry system to well testing in seven zones enabled real-time control of critical downhole equipment and acquired data at surface, which in turn was transmitted to the operator's office in town in real time. Various operation examples will be discussed to demonstrate how automated data acquisition and downhole operations control has been used to optimize operations by both the service company and the operator.

WELL-TEST LOGGING TO ENDEAVOR MAPPING THE CARBONATES PERMEABILITY, OFFSHORE ABU DHABI

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Jacques ◽  
◽  
Vincent Jaffrezic ◽  
Benoit Brouard ◽  
Shafiq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Well ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Wellhead Pressure ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Future Production

In current economic and environmental contexts, the optimization of long, horizontal well completion and the maximization of individual well performance are becoming increasingly important. The challenge is to be able to start improving the production efficiency while designing an adapted completion for each well without compromising the project economy. The cost-effective formation evaluation technique described in this paper allows rapid identification of dynamic heterogeneities along the reservoir after the drilling of a horizontal well. This key information then can be used to optimize well completion and treatment. This new approach, called WTLog, combines well testing and logging techniques and was introduced initially for the optimization of unconventional well completion (Jacques et al., 2019 and Manivannan et al. 2019). The log begins by circulating a low-viscosity liquid that can be injected in the formation through the mud cake. The brine circulation operation is run at the end of the drilling phase, after reaching TD of the drain while maintaining a constant wellhead pressure at the wellhead. The constant pressure control can be applied without a specific additional choke device when Managed Pressure Drilling (MPD) is used to drill the formation section. The inlet and outlet flowrates are measured accurately, and their difference corresponds to the apparent formation-injection rate. The depth of the interface between the two liquids inside the borehole is estimated from the flowrates and pressure measured at the wellhead. Combining these data allows derivation of the low-viscosity/liquid-injection profile along the open hole. A permeability log then can be derived by inversion. Well Test Logging has been applied successfully for the first time on two horizontal wells in a conventional carbonate reservoir. The interpretation results were benchmarked to static conventional openhole logs and validated against the data log obtained by the dynamic production log tool (PLT) performed after well start-up. This technique opens new perspectives for optimizing well completion in these carbonate-fractured formations for which porosity logs might not be a good permeability indicator and where conductive fractures seen on image logs are not always indicative of future production.

A Novel 4-D Reservoir Simulation Workflow for Optimizing Inflow Control Device Design in a Giant Carbonate Reservoir

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oloruntoba Ogunsanwo ◽  
Byung Lee ◽  
Hidayat Wahyu ◽  
Edmund Leung ◽  
Varma Gottumukkala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Inflow Control Device
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