Improved Oxygen-Activation Method for Determining Water Flow Behind Casing

In the time spectrum of impulse oxygen activation logging, grave tailed peak occurs when the viscosity of polymer is high and the velocity of the flow is not even. The calculation of transit time, flow velocity as well as flow volume depends on the duration of the oxygen activation peak, so the disposal of the grave tailed peak in the time spectrum of impulse oxygen activation logging is critical. And an effective way to deal with tailed peak will improve the calculation accuracy of transit time and flow velocity. In this paper, the problem of tailed peak is studied, then an algorithm combining Logarithmic transformation and Gaussian function, which is used to deal with tailed peaks in the time spectrum of water flow of pulsed neutron oxygen activation logging, is proposed. Gaussian function is used to describe tailed peaks in the time spectrum of water flow of pulsed neutron oxygen activation logging in the logarithm space. Case analysis shows that the disposal effect of the algorithm is good, effectively eliminating the redundant data of the tailed peak in the flow time spectrum of pulsed neutron oxygen activation logging. The algorithm is a practicable method to deal with the tailed peak in the flow time spectrum of pulsed neutron oxygen activation logging.

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Collimation and background in the pulsed neutron activation method for determination of water flow in pipes

International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology ◽

10.1504/ijnest.2007.012438 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Hakan Mattsson ◽

Anders Nordlund ◽

Berit Dahl

Keyword(s):

Neutron Activation ◽

Water Flow ◽

Activation Method ◽

Neutron Activation Method ◽

Pulsed Neutron

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The Analysis and Study on Separation of Overlapping Peaks in the Time Spectrum of Oxygen Activation Logging

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.318.601 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 318 ◽

pp. 601-606

Author(s):

Wu Dong

Keyword(s):

Water Flow ◽

Gaussian Function ◽

Oxygen Activation ◽

Time Spectrum ◽

Flow Volume ◽

Gray System Theory ◽

Gray System ◽

Overlapping Peaks ◽

The Difference ◽

Two Peaks

In the time spectrum of impulse oxygen activation logging, there will be two peaks which are overlapping when the difference of velocity in oil tubing and casing are very small. Transit time, an important parameter to calculate the velocity of water flow, depends on the foot time of a full peak. So does the computing of velocity and flow volume. Therefore, the separation of the overlapping peak in the time spectrum of impulse oxygen activation logging is the key. A good separation method will increase the precision of flow volume obtained. In this paper, the separation problem of overlapping peak is studied, and an algorithm combining Gaussian function and gray system theory that is used to separate the overlapping peaks in the time spectrum of water flow of pulsed neutron oxygen activation logging is proposed. According to error analysis and rationality test of the case studied, the algorithm shows a high separation precision and its effectiveness in the determination of flow volume, which proves to be a practicable method to separate overlapping peaks in the time spectrum of water flow of oxygen activation logging.

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Application and Interpretation of Continuous Oxygen Activation Logs for Measuring Complex Water Flow Profiles in Injection Wells

10.2118/28412-ms ◽

1994 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D.M. Chace ◽

D.E. Trcka ◽

B.A. Dawe

Keyword(s):

Water Flow ◽

Oxygen Activation ◽

Injection Wells ◽

Flow Profiles ◽

Measuring Complex

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Effect of verapamil on cytoplasmic distribution of granules and microfilaments in amphibian urinary bladder

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100103681 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 324-325

Author(s):

A.J. Mia ◽

L.X. Oakford ◽

T. Yorio

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Water Flow ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cytosolic Calcium ◽

Calcium Storage ◽

Amphibian Urinary Bladder ◽

Vesicular Membrane ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Cytoskeletal System

The amphibian urinary bladder has been used as a ‘model’ system for studies of the mechanism of action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in stimulating transepithelial water flow. The increase in water permeability is accompanied by morphological changes that include the stimulation of apical microvilli, mobilization of microtubules and microfilaments and vesicular membrane fusion events . It has been shown that alterations in the cytosolic calcium concentrations can inhibit ADH transmembrane water flow and induce alterations in the epithelial cell cytomorphology, including the cytoskeletal system . Recently, the subapical granules of the granular cell in the amphibian urinary bladder have been shown to contain high concentrations of calcium, and it was suggested that these cytoplasmic constituents may act as calcium storage sites for intracellular calcium homeostasis. The present study utilizes the calcium antagonist, verapamil, to examine the effect of calcium deprivation on the cytomorphological features of epithelial cells from amphibian urinary bladder, with particular emphasis on subapical granule and microfilament distribution.

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