Application of Real-Time Solid Measurement and Return Flow Rate During Coiled Tubing Milling Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaveh Yekta ◽  
Ray Phung ◽  
Benjamin Stang ◽  
Tyler Woitas
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
Ultrasonic Flowmeter ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
The Real ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Milling Operations

Abstract Among the many applications of Coiled Tubing (CT) services, milling plugs and wellbore sand cleanout are two of the major applications. The transport of solids to the surface, as well as monitoring the return rates, are two sources of information which can have a significant impact on the execution of these jobs. Traditionally the flowback crew communicates this information to the CT control cab upon request. However, by utilizing an acoustic monitor and ultrasonic flowmeter, it can reduce the dependence on flowback operators and provide real-time solid measurement and return flow rate. The acoustic monitor is a passive, non-intrusive device that is designed to measure the acoustic noise induced into the pipe wall as solids impact the inside wall of the pipe. The ultrasonic flowmeter is a clamp-on device that is designed with two transducers that serve as both a transmitter and receiver. In order to prove the concept, five stages of trials were planned and executed. In stage one, CT was rigged into a 150m vertical test well. The equipment included CT mast unit, CT pump, choke manifold, and acoustic monitoring device. Several debris piles from previous milling operations were introduced to the test well, and a CT cleanout was performed. The acoustic monitor system measured the amount of solid to surface, and the results were evaluated. Solids retrieved were then compared to the initial debris piles and correlated to the data received by the acoustic monitor. On the 2nd stage, the acoustic monitoring device was utilized in actual milling operation. The 3rd stage was a yard trial of ultrasonic flowmeter using a CT pump and data acquisition system to evaluate the working envelope of this device, followed by a field trial, in stage 4, utilizing the flowmeter in actual milling operations. The final stage of this trial was planned and executed in milling operations on a five wells pad, utilizing the combined applications of acoustic monitoring (solid measurement) and ultrasonic flowmeter (return rate) devices. All five stages contributed to proof of concept for the applications of solid measurement and return flow rate devices. These trials were successfully planned, executed, and evaluated. The acquired data throughout the five stages of these trials were utilized during and post job operations as lessons learned to optimize the process for future applications. The real-time measurement of solids and flow rate monitoring, independent of flowback operators, enables the CT operator to make informed decisions throughout milling and cleanout operations. The real-time streaming of solids to surface and return flow rate enables the operator and service company’s Engineering team to evaluate and optimize the execution of milling and sand cleanout operations.

An Advanced Ultra-Deep Resistivity Mapping Sensor Reduced Reservoir Uncertainty and Eliminated the Need for a Pilot Hole for the First Time; A Case Study from Offshore Abu Dhabi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Fares ◽  
Islam Moustafa ◽  
Ali Al Felasi ◽  
Hocine Khemissa ◽  
Omar Al Mutwali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Firing Frequency ◽  
Target Zones ◽  
The Real ◽  
Pilot Hole ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Milling Operations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Identify Formation

Abstract The high reservoir uncertainty, due to the lateral distribution of fluids, results in variable water saturation, which is very challenging in drilling horizontal wells. In order to reduce uncertainty, the plan was to drill a pilot hole to evaluate the target zones and plan horizontal sections based on the information gained. To investigate the possibility of avoiding pilot holes in the future, an advanced ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor was deployed to map the mature reservoirs, to identify formation and fluid boundaries early before penetrating them, avoiding the need for pilot holes. Prewell inversion modeling was conducted to optimize the spacing and firing frequency selection and to facilitate an early real-time geostopping decision. The plan was to run the ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor in conjunction with shallow propagation resistivity, density, and neutron porosity tools while drilling the 8 ½-in. landing section. The real-time ultra-deep resistivity mapping inversion was run using a depth of inversion up to 120 ft., to be able to detect the reservoir early and evaluate the predicted reservoir resistivity. This would allow optimization of any geostopping decision. The ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor delivered accurate mapping of low resistivity zones up to 85 ft. TVD away from the wellbore in a challenging low resistivity environment. The real-time ultra-deep resistivity mapping inversion enabled the prediction of resistivity values in target zones prior to entering the reservoir; values which were later crosschecked against open-hole logs for validation. The results enabled identification of the optimal geostopping point in the 8 ½-in. section, enabling up to seven rig days to be saved in the future by eliminating a pilot hole. In addition this would eliminate the risk of setting a whipstock at high inclination with the subsequent impact on milling operations. In specific cases, this minimizes drilling risks in unknown/high reservoir pressure zones by improving early detection of formation tops. Plans were modified for a nearby future well and the pilot-hole phase was eliminated because of the confidence provided by these results. Deployment of the ultra-deep resistivity mapping sensor in these mature carbonate reservoirs may reduce the uncertainty associated with fluid migration. In addition, use of the tool can facilitate precise geosteering to maintain distance from fluid boundaries in thick reservoirs. Furthermore, due to the depths of investigation possible with these tools, it will help enable the mapping of nearby reservoirs for future development. Further multi-disciplinary studies remain desirable using existing standard log data to validate the effectiveness of this concept for different fields and reservoirs.

scholarly journals Radiation Risk Assessment on Public in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Mohammed Belayet Hossain ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Sohelur Rahman ◽  
Dr. Mohammad Amir Hossain Bhuiyan ◽  
Selina Yeasmin
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Annual Effective Dose ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Radiation Monitoring ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
The Real ◽  
Average Value

Objective: The pollution free environment is required for healthy life. The real-time radiation monitoring is very important for radiation hazard detection in the environment. The excess life-time cancer risk (ELCR) on public is to assess based on the real-time radiation monitoring data in the area. Methods: The real-time radiation monitoring was performed using portable digital radiation monitoring device. This real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device meets all European CE standards as well as the American “FCC 15 standard”. The real-time digital portable radiation monitoring device was placed at 1 meter above the ground on tripod and data collection time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. 27 MPs were chosen for collection of real-time radiation data at various outdoor environment in Motijheel Thana, Dhaka from May-August 2018.Results: The real-time radiation dose rates at Motijheel Thana due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.095 ± 0.041 µSv.h-1 to 0.185 ± 0.042 µSv.h-1 with an average of 0.147 ± 0.047 µSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to public from outdoor environmental radiation at Motijheel Thana were found to be 0.166 ± 0.066 mSv to 0.324 ± 0.061 mSv with an average of 0.257 ± 0.039 mSv. Excess Life-time Cancer Risk (ELCR) on public are also estimated based on annual effective dose that is ranged from 0.662 ×10-3 to 1.289 ×10-3 with an average value of 1.025 ×10-3, which is higher than world average value of 0.29×10-3. Conclusion: This type of study is required for detection of the radiation hazard arising from the natu-ral as well as man-made sources and also for generation of the baseline database. From this study, it is observed that there is no pose any radiation hazard in the study area due to man-made sources.

Hybrid Electro-Optical Cable Continuously Powers Downhole Coiled Tubing Telemetry and Enables Time and Carbon Footprint Reductions During Extensive Cleanout Interventions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azwan Hadi Keong ◽  
Jesus Campos ◽  
Andrei Casali ◽  
Anders Hansen ◽  
Sindre Vingen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
The Real ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Optical Cable ◽  
Downhole Tool ◽  
Continuous Power

Abstract On the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS), coiled tubing (CT) cleanout requires small bites and frequent wiper trips to the surface due to potential sand bedding in a large and deviated completion. A real-time CT downhole measurement system is used to optimize the operation, following a dynamic workflow. Conventionally, the system is powered by downhole lithium battery, which limits CT downhole operating time. A continuous surface-powered system was needed to promote further optimization for such operation. A new hybrid electro-optical cable was introduced to enable continuous power supply from surface to the real-time downhole tool sensors. The system consists of a surface power module that sends power through a layer of low-DC-resistance conductors and optical fibers that enable data telemetry. Conventionally, only three to four trips can be completed before replacement of the downhole battery is required. Battery replacement can take up to 8 hours due to the complexity of that offshore environment. With the continuous power supply, the CT cleanout operation can continue for days without interruption of data from the downhole tool sensors. A three-well CT cleanout campaign in the NCS demonstrated the benefits of this new real-time downhole measurement system by using accurate downhole weight and torque readings to control the penetration through scale and avoid motor stalls. Sections of scale bridges were identified during the cleanout by monitoring fluctuations of downhole torque of the mill. The monitoring allows CT operators to control penetration rate and bite length during the cleanout. When the milled debris are swept, downhole weight is used to detect early signs of solids plugging around the mill. Downhole pressures complement surveillance of the sweeping of solids to the surface by giving a qualitative measurement of solids loading through conversion of the real-time bottomhole pressure reading into equivalent circulating density with changing CT depth. The process of optimizing bite length and sweeping speed is repeated without interruption thanks to continuous power supply from the surface, eventually leading to time reduction. In one of the wells, downhole tools uninterruptedly acquired data for 10 days straight. The CT managed to clean out a total of 40 908 kg of a mixture of scale and sand, with an estimated average time reduction of 25% when compared to CT cleanout without real-time downhole data. Delivery of continuous high-voltage power to downhole tools not only enables reduction in operating time, it also paves the way for extending the capabilities of CT interventions by enabling the operation of more electrically activated application tools. It allows combining multiple work scopes in a single CT run, which reduces operating cost and provides greater operational flexibility. Finally, eliminating the dependency on lithium batteries reduces the carbon footprint for a more sustainable operation.

Multistage Acid Stimulation for ICD Screens Completion Using Straddle Packer and Real-Time Telemetry Coil Tubing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qadir Looni ◽  
Malik. M Humood ◽  
Ahmed. A Mousa ◽  
Mahdi Al Tarooti
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Real ◽  
Seal Integrity ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Coil System ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Homogeneous Production ◽  
Treat All

Abstract Inflow Control Devices (ICD) (Fig. 1) is a part of the well completion to help optimizing the production by equalizing the reservoir inflow. Multiple ICD can be installed in the completion at a long section, as each ICD going to partially choke the flow. Completing wells with ICD is one of the most common techniques that is used to maintain uniform production across multi-layer reservoirs. One of the challenges in such completions is to achieve a uniform matrix acid stimulation across these screens due to well deviation and length of the screens. In most cases an effective diversion method is required during acid treatment to ensure all the screens are treated uniformly for maintaining homogeneous production across the reservoir. Over the time, wells with ICD screens show decline in production due to plugged screens which necessitates immediate action. In most cases remedy is to acid treat all ICD screens on individual basis using straddle packer System and real-time telemetry coil system due to requirements of diversion method, criticality of the packer setting depth and downhole pressure monitoring. Multistage acid stimulation for ICD screens is achieved using straddle packer's system with real-time telemetry coiled tubing (CT). The real-time telemetry coil system ensures depth accuracy – as each ICD port length is not more than couple of inches – and monitoring of pressures and straddle packer system's integrity during multistage acid stimulation across the horizontal screens. This operation involves challenges of properly setting the packer to selectively treat each ICD screen by mechanically diverting the acid treatment while maintaining seal integrity in each stage and re-using it multiple times. After drifting and wellbore conditioning run, the multi-set straddle packer system is deployed on real-time telemetry coil (fiber-optic enabled) for multistage acid treatment. Starting from total depth, the real-time CCL readings are utilized successfully to identify the first screens joint allowing the packer system to be stationed across the required screen. The packer elements are then energized to divert the acid treatment fluid into the targeted screen Thru the coil and exiting from per adjusted nozzles between the Packers; this diversion is confirmed by monitoring bottom hole pressure inside and outside the coil tubing string. Upon completion of the acid treatment of the ICD screens the tension-compression sub of telemetry coil system confirmed the elements is de-energized to make safe to move the packer without damaging the elements. The treatment is then successfully repeated across the remaining ICD screens with positive indication of diversion across each ICD screen. This study illustrates how the combination of the straddle packer System and downhole real-time telemetry system was utilized to successfully acid stimulate up to 38 stages and monitor the behavior of straddle packer continuously during diversion of multistage acid treatment of screens while maintaining packers seal integrity and downhole pressures. In addition, the study also provides lessons learned from implementation of multi-stages packers with real-time telemetry for successful diversion of acid treatment uniformly across the screens in horizontal well.

Understanding Real-Time Job Signatures on Deepwater Cementing Jobs with Dynamic Losses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Mohammed Dooply ◽  
Michael Schupbach ◽  
Kenneth Hampshire ◽  
Jose Contreras ◽  
Nicolas Flamant
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Return Rate ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Job Evaluation ◽  
Wellhead Pressure ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Primary Cementing ◽  
Drilling Rigs

Summary Two of the most important parameters to monitor during a primary cementing job are the flow rate in and return flow rate measurements. To achieve optimum job results of a primary cementing job, measuring annular return rates and comparing them with simulated data in real time will provide a better understanding of job signatures and result in the best possible top of cement (TOC) estimation prior to running any cement evaluation log or making a decision to continue drilling the next section of the well. The return rate job signature along with the wellhead pressure is essential to understanding the behavior and discrepancies between simulated and acquired surface data. Therefore, to assess the risk of job issues, such as unsuspected washout and lost circulation among others, accurate measurements of the return rate are critical. Historically, the cement job evaluation has been limited by the fact that most drilling rigs do not have an accurate flowmeter installed on the annulus return line, and a simple verification of mud tanks volume vs. pumped volume, as reported by drillers or mud loggers, more often than not results in an unreliable assessment of the volume lost downhole, due to the unfamiliarity with the U-tubing effect and lack of data consolidation from the cement unit (flow rate in) and the rig (flow rate in and flow rate out). In this paper, we will review a solution developed to mitigate the lack of a direct flow-rate measurement by computing and displaying the return rate using either a paddle meter measurement or the derivative over time of the volume observed in the rig tanks.

scholarly journals Localising Cetacean Sounds for the Real-Time Mitigation and Long-Term Acoustic Monitoring of Noise

10.5772/14371 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Andr ◽  
Ludwig Hougnigan ◽  
Mike van der Schaar ◽  
Eric Delory ◽  
Serge Zaugg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Acoustic Monitoring ◽  
The Real
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