Packer-Setting Methodology with Auto-Fill Capability and Interventionless Valve Reduces Completion Cost

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Nazri Md Noor ◽  
Javier Abreu ◽  
Alexandr Demyanov ◽  
Nabil Batita
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Qualification Test ◽  
Hydraulic Simulation ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Tubing String ◽  
Product Realization

Abstract A new valve has been designed and qualified to reduce interventions during packer-setting operations. In a typical well, completion with a hydraulic-production packer, the tubing string must be plugged to create the required pressure differential for packer actuation. At desired depth, delivering a preselected circulation rate actuates the tool and converts the string to a closed system, enabling the packer to be set hydraulically. Before designing the valve, an operator's engineering and operational requirements were collected and understood. Then a conceptual design was evaluated, and a prototype device was manufactured. The valve was tested for autofill capability, actuation parameters and pressure integrity. The critical design elements of the valve are the choking and spring mechanisms, which enable circulation without prematurely actuating the valve and then enable tubing autofill. A visual inspection post qualification test was conducted to validate the components’ condition and integrity. During the qualification process, the valve working envelope was developed. After the successful qualification test, the valve was deployed in a customer well with a production packer that has a blanking device consisting of a ceramic disc. Prior to deployment, hydraulic simulation was done to determine the required flow rate to achieve desired pressure drop across the valve for actuation. During deployment, the tubing was filled automatically, validating the valve autofill capability. Upon reaching setting depth, the completion string was circulated at the required circulation rate to actuate the valve and close the system. Pressure integrity in the tubing validated the valve functionality. Surface pressure was applied against the blanking device, and the production packer was set hydraulically. Subsequently, before completing the well, the blanking device was broken using a slickline run, and the well was put on production. The deployment technique using the valve requires only one slickline run whereby in typical operation four slickline runs are required. This project represented true problem-solving engineering approaches. The operator requirements were properly understood and conceptual design was validated, and product realization phase was initiated. The efficient product development methodology improves the lead time from conceptualization to product realization. During the first well deployment, hydraulic simulation during the prejob planning proved to be critical to understanding the required circulation rates to actuate the valve.

Exploiting Critical Path Method for Evaluation of Conceptual Design

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 4429-4432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Wang ◽  
Lian Guan Shen ◽  
Yi Min Deng
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Design Concept ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Critical Path Method ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Concept Evaluation ◽  
Design Requirements

Conceptual design is a critical design phase during which initial design solutions, called design concepts, are developed. These design concepts must be evaluated to ensure they satisfy the specified design requirements and the most appropriate design concept must be selected. It is often difficult for the designer, especially for the novice, to make an appropriate design concept evaluation and selection. Existing work on design evaluation lacks an effective tool for evaluating the temporal performance of the design concepts. To address this problem, a Critical Path Method (CPM) from project management is adapted for design evaluation, whereby a CPM network is converted from a causal behavioral process (CBP) and the methodologies relating to CPM are also applied to design improvement. A case study of a lever-clamp assembly system is also presented to illustrate as well as validate the method.

Xanthone: A Promising Antimycobacterial Scaffold

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilal Elsaman ◽  
Malik Suliman Mohamed ◽  
Eyman Mohamed Eltayib ◽  
Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla ◽  
Magdi Awadalla Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
World Development ◽  
Human Death

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious diseases associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality and still remains one of the top-ten leading causes of human death in the world. Development of new anti-TB drugs is mandatory due to existence of latent infection as well as the expansion of the resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) strains. Xanthones encompass a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive compounds, obtained either naturally or through chemical synthesis. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the antitubercular activity of xanthone derivatives. Objective: The objective of this review is to highlight the main natural sources along with the critical design elements, structure-activity relationships (SARs), modes of action and pharmacokinetic profiles of xanthone-based anti-TB compounds. Method: In the present review, the anti-TB activity of xanthones reported in the literature from 1972 to date is presented and discussed. Results: Exploration of xanthone scaffold led to identification of several members of this class having superior activity against both sensitive and resistant MBT strains with distinctive mycobacterial membrane disrupting properties. However, studies regarding their modes of action, pharmacokinetic properties and safety are so limited. Conclusion: Comprehendible data and information are afforded by this review and it would certainly provide scientists with new thoughts and means which will be conducive to design and develop new drugs with excellent anti-TB activity through exploration of xanthone scaffold.

Teachers’ Voices: Perceptions of Effective Professional Development and Classwide Implementation of Self-Regulated Strategy Development in Writing

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra McKeown ◽  
Mary Brindle ◽  
Karen R. Harris ◽  
Karin Sandmel ◽  
Trisha D. Steinbrecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Small Focus ◽  
Critical Aspects

Despite consensus regarding critical design elements for professional development (PD), numerous PD studies have not shown anticipated effects for teachers or students. Mixed methods studies investigating when and why PD is successful are needed. The qualitative study reported here was part of a larger, mixed methods study of PD for self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) in writing; the randomized controlled trial found significant and meaningful outcomes for teachers and students. In the current qualitative study, 14 Grades 2 and 3 teachers discussed semistructured, open-ended questions in small focus groups regarding their experiences with, reactions to, and evaluations of aspects and components of PD and SRSD. These teachers’ voices contribute to our understanding of critical aspects of effective PD as well as SRSD.

scholarly journals ERAS: An Experiential Role-Playing Aging Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enilda Romero-Hall ◽  
Renee Patrick ◽  
Gül Şahin
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Framework Design ◽  
Contextual Framework ◽  
Successes And Challenges

This paper describes the design and development of ERAS, an experiential role-playing aging simulation. This web-based tool was designed for psychology students to engage in a role-playing experience that serves to increase individ-uals’ empathy toward the elderly, as they learn about aging. In ERAS, the learners take on the role of aging individuals. The aging individuals vary in their ethnicity and ages. Successful completion of the scenarios requires the learners to perform a series of role-playing and perspective-taking activities related to the daily life of the aging individual. In this paper, we described the contextual framework, design, development, and review processes. The paper also provides a reflection on the successes and challenges experienced by the design team. Overall, the paper discusses the critical design elements and decisions made by the team.

Decision-Based Conceptual Design: Modeling and Navigating Heterogeneous Design Spaces

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Wood ◽  
Alice M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Value Theory ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Gaussian Kernel ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Main Components

Information gathering and refinement are critical activities in conceptual design. A decision-based framework is developed consisting of three main components: a flexible, extensible design space model based on a Gaussian kernel which synthesizes information from design instances; expected value decision-making which focuses the design process on the most promising subspaces within this model; and information value theory which identifies uncertainty in the design evaluation whose reduction could redirect the design process. Together, these components form a normative method for conceptual design around a key process—the co-evolution of a design and the evaluation model used to quantify its value. Formalizing conceptual design toward reducing arbitrary design decisions and focusing attention on the most critical design concerns holds the potential to substantially improve both the process and product of design. The proposed methodology is demonstrated through an example in the domain of electric motor selection.

Critical design elements in online courses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Doris U. Bolliger ◽  
Florence Martin
Keyword(s):  
Online Courses ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Critical Design

A Prescription for Information Prospecting, Data Mining, and Design Refinement

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Wood ◽  
Alice M. Agogino
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Design Specification ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Downstream Processes

Abstract We present a prescriptive methodology for conceptual design based on a process of information gathering and refinement. While these activities are generic to conceptual design, a mathematical framework is developed toward structuring the design space, approximating the design space by generalizing design data, and formalizing the iterative process of narrowing the design space while refining the level detail in the design specification. As a prescription for conceptual design, this method formalizes the conceptual design process around a key tradeoff — the value to be gained by making design commitments balanced against the reduction in size of design space these commitments bring. Because conceptual design decisions carry tremendous leverage through to all downstream processes, formalizing conceptual design toward reducing arbitrary design decisions and focusing attention on the most critical design concerns holds the potential to improve greatly the ultimate product of the overall design process.

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