Experimental Study and Numerical Modeling of Seawater Breakthrough Using Inherent Boron as Tracer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqing Wang ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Jun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Concentration Profile ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Reservoir Simulator ◽  
Boron Adsorption

Abstract Seawater injection is widely used to maintain the offshore oil reservoir pressure and improve oil recovery. However, injecting seawater into reservoirs can cause many issues such as reservoir souring and scaling, which are tightly related to the seawater breakthrough percentage. Accurately calculating the seawater breakthrough percentage is important for estimating the severity of those problems and further developing corresponding strategies to solve those issues. The validation of using natural ion boron as tracer to calculate seawater breakthrough percentage was investigated. Boron can interact with clays, which can influence the accuracy in seawater breakthrough calculation using boron. Therefore, the interaction between boron and different clays at various conditions were studied, and Freundlich adsorption equation was used to describe the boron adsorption isotherms. Then boron adsorption isotherms were coupled into the reservoir simulator to investigate the boron transportation in porous media, and the results in turn were further analyzed to calculate the accurate seawater breakthrough percentage. Results indicated that boron adsorption by different clays varied. pH value of solution can significantly influence the amount of boron adsorbed. As a result, the boron concentration profile was delayed in coreflood test. The results of reservoir model fit perfectly with that of coreflood test, indicating the validation of boron reaction model. Based on the reservoir simulator results, boron concentration profile in produced water was successfully used to calculate seawater breakthrough percentage by considering the clay content distribution. However, the seawater breakthrough point cannot be calculated by boron as boron concentration is still at the formation level due to boron desorption.

Seawater Breakthrough Monitoring and Reservoir-Model Improvement Using Natural Boron

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqing Wang ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
Xiang Li ◽  
Shiqian Xu ◽  
Jun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
History Matching ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Water Breakthrough ◽  
Reservoir Simulator

Abstract Natural geochemical data, which refer to the natural ion concentration in produced water, contain important reservoir information, but is seldomly exploited. Some ions were used as conservative tracers to obtain better knowledge of reservoir. However, using only conservative ions can limit the application of geochemical data as most ions are nonconservative and can either interact with formation rock or react with other ions. Besides, mistakenly using nonconservative ion as being conservative may cause unexpected results. In order to further explore the nonconservative natural geochemical information, the interaction between ion and rock matrix is integrated into the reservoir simulator to describe the nonconservative ion transport in porous media. Boron, which is a promising nonconservative ion, is used to demonstrate the application of nonconservative ion. Based on the new model, the boron concentration data together with water production rate and oil production rate are assimilated through ensemble smoother multiple data assimilation (ES-MDA) algorithm to improve the reservoir model. Results indicate that including nonconservative ion data in the history matching process not only yield additional improvement in permeability field, but also can predict the distribution of clay content, which can promote the accuracy of using boron data to determine injection water breakthrough percentage. However, mistakenly regarding nonconservative ion being conservative in the history matching workflow can deteriorate the accuracy of reservoir model.

Improved oil recovery by raw water injection using horizontal wells

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 453
Author(s):  
Pavel Bedrikovetsky ◽  
Mohammad Afiq ab Wahab ◽  
Gladys Chang ◽  
Antonio Luiz Serra de Souza ◽  
Claudio Alves Furtado
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Filter Cake ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Improved Oil Recovery ◽  
The North ◽  
Reservoir Simulator

Injectivity formation damage with water-flooding using sea/produced water has been widely reported in the North Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and the Campos Basin in Brazil. The damage is due to the capture of solid/liquid particles by the rock with consequent permeability decline; it is also due to the formation of a low permeable external filter cake. Yet, moderate injectivity decline is not too damaging with long horizontal injectors where the initial injectivity is high. In this case, injection of raw or poorly treated water would save money on water treatment, which is not only cumbersome but also an expensive procedure in offshore projects. In this paper we investigate the effects of injected water quality on waterflooding using horizontal wells. It was found that induced injectivity damage results in increased sweep efficiency. The explanation of the phenomenon is as follows: injectivity rate is distributed along a horizontal well non-uniformly; water advances faster from higher rate intervals resulting in early breakthrough; the retained particles plug mostly the high permeability channels and homogenise the injectivity profile along the well. An analytical model for injectivity decline accounting for particle capture and a low permeable external filter cake formation has been implemented into the Eclipse 100 reservoir simulator. It is shown that sweep efficiency in a heterogeneous formation can increase by up to 5% after one pore volume injected, compared to clean water injection.

Predicting Boron Adsorption Isotherms by Midwestern Soils using the Constant Capacitance Model

2004 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Goldberg ◽  
Donald L. Suarez ◽  
Nicholas T. Basta ◽  
Scott M. Lesch
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Isotherms ◽  
Capacitance Model ◽  
Boron Adsorption

Xanthan gum produced by Xanthomonas campestris using produced water and crude glycerin as an environmentally friendlier agent to enhance oil recovery

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122421
Author(s):  
Elias Ramos de Souza ◽  
Pamela Dias Rodrigues ◽  
Igor C.F. Sampaio ◽  
Edgard Bacic ◽  
Pedro J.L. Crugeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Xanthan Gum ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Crude Glycerin ◽  
Enhance Oil Recovery

An Experimental Research on Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Local Polymers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiola Oyatobo ◽  
Amalachukwu Muoghalu ◽  
Chinaza Ikeokwu ◽  
Wilson Ekpotu
Keyword(s):  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Profile Control

Abstract Ineffective methods of increasing oil recovery have been one of the challenges, whose solutions are constantly sought after in the oil and gas industry as the number of under-produced reservoirs increases daily. Water injection is the most extended technology to increase oil recovery, although excessive water production can pose huge damage ranging from the loss of the well to an increase in cost and capital investment requirement of surface facilities to handle the produced water. To mitigate these challenges and encourage the utilization of local contents, locally produced polymers were used in polymer flooding as an Enhanced Oil Recovery approach to increase the viscosity of the injected fluids for better profile control and reduce cost when compared with foreign polymers as floppan. Hence this experimental research was geared towards increasing the efficiency of oil displacement in sandstone reservoirs using locally sourced polymers in Nigeria and also compared the various polymers for optimum efficiency. Starch, Ewedu, and Gum Arabic were used in flooding an already obtained core samples and comparative analysis of this shows that starch yielded the highest recovery due to higher viscosity value as compared to Ewedu with the lowest mobility ratio to Gum Arabic. Finally, the concentration of Starch or Gum Arabic should be increased for optimum recovery.

scholarly journals Boron adsorption in soils from the State of São Paulo, Brazil

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUÍS REYNALDO FERRACCIÚ ALLEONI ◽  
OTÁVIO ANTONIO DE CAMARGO
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Aluminum Oxides ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Boron Adsorption

Boron adsorption was studied in five representative soils (Rhodic Hapludox, Arenic Paleudalf and three Typic Hapludox) from the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Adsorption was higher in the clayey Oxisols, followed by the Alfisol and the coarser Oxisols. Calcium carbonate promoted an increase in the amount of adsorbed boron in all soils, with the most pronounced effect in the coarser-textured Oxisols. High correlation coefficients were found between adsorbed boron and clay and amorphous aluminum oxide contents and specific surface area (r = 0.79, 0.76 and 0.73, respectively, p < 0.01). Clay content, free aluminum oxide, and hot CaCl2 (0.01 mol L-1)-extracted boron explained 93% of the variation of adsorbed boron. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms fitted well to the adsorbed data, and highest values for maximum boron adsorption were found in clayey soils, which were significantly correlated with contents of total, free and amorphous iron and aluminum oxides, as well with the physical attributes. Ninety four percent of the variation in the maximum adsorption could be related to the free iron content.

scholarly journals Innovative Optical-Sensing Technology for the Online Fouling Characterization of Silicon Carbide Membranes during the Treatment of Oily Water

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Ebrahimi ◽  
Axel A. Schmidt ◽  
Cagatay Kaplan ◽  
Oliver Schmitz ◽  
Peter Czermak
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Water Sensor

The oil and gas industry generates a large volume of contaminated water (produced water) which must be processed to recover oil before discharge. Here, we evaluated the performance and fouling behavior of commercial ceramic silicon carbide membranes in the treatment of oily wastewaters. In this context, microfiltration and ultrafiltration ceramic membranes were used for the separation of oil during the treatment of tank dewatering produced water and oily model solutions, respectively. We also tested a new online oil-in-water sensor (OMD-32) based on the principle of light scattering for the continuous measurement of oil concentrations in order to optimize the main filtration process parameters that determine membrane performance: the transmembrane pressure and cross-flow velocity. Using the OMD-32 sensor, the oil content of the feed, concentrate and permeate streams was measured continuously and fell within the range 0.0–200 parts per million (ppm) with a resolution of 1.0 ppm. The ceramic membranes achieved an oil-recovery efficiency of up to 98% with less than 1.0 ppm residual oil in the permeate stream, meeting environmental regulations for discharge in most areas.

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