Use of a Numerical Petroleum Reservoir Simulator to Model Aspects of Environmental Contamination and Remediation Processes

Petroleum Reservoir Control Optimization with the Use of the Auto-Adaptive Decision Trees

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14185702 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (18) ◽

pp. 5702

Author(s):

Edyta Kuk ◽

Jerzy Stopa ◽

Michał Kuk ◽

Damian Janiga ◽

Paweł Wojnarowski

Keyword(s):

Decision Tree ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Petroleum Reservoir ◽

Control Sequence ◽

Limit Values ◽

Control Optimization ◽

Algorithm Configuration ◽

Optimal Values ◽

Global Increase ◽

Reservoir Simulator

The global increase in energy demand and the decreasing number of newly discovered hydrocarbon reservoirs caused by the relatively low oil price means that it is crucial to exploit existing reservoirs as efficiently as possible. Optimization of the reservoir control may increase the technical and economic efficiency of the production. In this paper, a novel algorithm that automatically determines the intelligent control maximizing the NPV of a given production process was developed. The idea is to build an auto-adaptive parameterized decision tree that replaces the arbitrarily selected limit values for the selected attributes of the decision tree with parameters. To select the optimal values of the decision tree parameters, an AI-based optimization tool called SMAC (Sequential Model-based Algorithm Configuration) was used. In each iteration, the generated control sequence is introduced into the reservoir simulator to compute the NVP, which is then utilized by the SMAC tool to vary the limit values to generate a better control sequence, which leads to an improved NPV. A new tool connecting the parameterized decision tree with the reservoir simulator and the optimization tool was developed. Its application on a simulation model of a real reservoir for which the CCS-EOR process was considered allowed oil production to be increased by 3.5% during the CO2-EOR phase, reducing the amount of carbon dioxide injected at that time by 16%. Hence, the created tool allowed revenue to be increased by 49%.

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Toward Cost-Effective Reservoir Simulation Solvers on GPUs

Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics ◽

10.4208/aamm.2015.m1138 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 971-991

Author(s):

Zheng Li ◽

Shuhong Wu ◽

Jinchao Xu ◽

Chensong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Reservoir Simulation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Fine Tuning ◽

Processing Unit ◽

Petroleum Reservoir ◽

Fully Implicit ◽

Hardware Architectures ◽

Graphical Processing ◽

Reservoir Simulator ◽

Many Core

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on graphical processing unit (GPU) and discuss how its architecture affects the choice of algorithm and implementation of fully-implicit petroleum reservoir simulation. In order to obtain satisfactory performance on new many-core architectures such as GPUs, the simulator developers must know a great deal on the specific hardware and spend a lot of time on fine tuning the code. Porting a large petroleum reservoir simulator to emerging hardware architectures is expensive and risky. We analyze major components of an in-house reservoir simulator and investigate how to port them to GPUs in a cost-effective way. Preliminary numerical experiments show that our GPU-based simulator is robust and effective. More importantly, these numerical results clearly identify the main bottlenecks to obtain ideal speedup on GPUs and possibly other many-core architectures.

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Vectorization of fluid property calculations within a petroleum reservoir simulator

Computers & Chemical Engineering ◽

10.1016/0098-1354(90)87034-m ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 655-663

Author(s):

M.A. Malachowski ◽

R.E. Stephenson ◽

J.P. Oppenheim ◽

R.J. Steffensen

Keyword(s):

Petroleum Reservoir ◽

Fluid Property ◽

Reservoir Simulator

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Tandem scanning confocal light microscopy as compared with x-ray diffraction for characterizing the behavior of clays in fluid-saturated petroleum reservoir rock

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100152719 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 148-149

Author(s):

C.J. Stuart ◽

B.E. Viani ◽

J. Walker ◽

T.H. Levesque

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

Image Plane ◽

Reservoir Rock ◽

Depth Of Field ◽

Objective Lens ◽

Scanning System ◽

Light Sources ◽

Petroleum Reservoir ◽

Image Recording ◽

Scan Speed

Many techniques of imaging used to characterize petroleum reservoir rocks are applied to dehydrated specimens. In order to directly study behavior of fines in reservoir rock at conditions similar to those found in-situ these materials need to be characterized in a fluid saturated state.Standard light microscopy can be used on wet specimens but depth of field and focus cannot be obtained; by using the Tandem Scanning Confocal Microscope (TSM) images can be produced from thin focused layers with high contrast and resolution. Optical sectioning and extended focus images are then produced with the microscope. The TSM uses reflected light, bulk specimens, and wet samples as opposed to thin section analysis used in standard light microscopy. The TSM also has additional advantages: the high scan speed, the ability to use a variety of light sources to produce real color images, and the simple, small size scanning system. The TSM has frame rates in excess of normal TV rates with many more lines of resolution. This is accomplished by incorporating a method of parallel image scanning and detection. The parallel scanning in the TSM is accomplished by means of multiple apertures in a disk which is positioned in the intermediate image plane of the objective lens. Thousands of apertures are distributed in an annulus, so that as the disk is spun, the specimen is illuminated simultaneously by a large number of scanning beams with uniform illumination. The high frame speeds greatly simplify the task of image recording since any of the normally used devices such as photographic cameras, normal or low light TV cameras, VCR or optical disks can be used without modification. Any frame store device compatible with a standard TV camera may be used to digitize TSM images.

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