A New-Intermediate Strength Proppant Additive to Combat Asphaltene Deposition for Delivering Long Term Flow Assurance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naima Bestaoui-Spurr ◽  
Frances DeBenedictis ◽  
Marty Usie ◽  
Sumit Bhaduri
Keyword(s):  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition

Asphaltene Deposition Measurement and Modeling for Flow Assurance of Subsea Tubings and Pipelines

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Akbarzadeh ◽  
Dmitry Eskin ◽  
John Ratulowski ◽  
Shawn David Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition

Surface Treatment Strategies for Mitigating Gas Hydrate & Asphaltene Formation, Growth, and Deposition in Flowloops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall A Pickarts ◽  
Jose Delgado-Linares ◽  
Erika Brown ◽  
Vinod Veedu ◽  
Carolyn A. Koh
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Pipe Surface

Abstract Numerous solids including gas hydrates, waxes, and asphaltenes have the potential to form in the production lines of gas and oil fields. This creates a highly non-ideal scenario as the accumulation of said species leads to flow assurance issues, especially with long-term processes like deposition. Since an ever-increasing amount of material is deposited in place at the pipe surface, production stoppage or active mitigation efforts become inevitable. The latter production issues result in increased safety risks and operational expenditures. Therefore, a cost-effective, passive deposition mitigation technology, such as a pipeline coating or surface treatment is especially appealing. The ability to address multiple pipeline flow assurance issues simultaneously without actively disrupting production would represent a dramatic step forward in this area. This study is part of a long-term ongoing effort that evaluates the performance and application of an omniphobic surface treatment for solids deposition prevention in industrially relevant systems. In particular, this specific work concentrates on the efficacy and robustness of the treatment under fully flowing conditions. The apparatuses utilized for this include two flowloops: a lab-scale, high-pressure flowloop for gas hydrate and surface treatment durability studies, and a bench-scale, atmospheric pressure loop for crude oil and asphaltene experiments. Film growth in high-pressure flowloop tests corroborated previous reports of delayed gas hydrate nucleation observed in rocking cells. Without the aid of the memory effect, treated oil-dominated experiments never experienced hydrate formation, spending upwards of a week in the hydrate stability zone (at the subcooled/fluid test conditions). Subsequent tests which utilized the memory effect then revealed that the hydrate formation rate reduced in the presence of the surface treatment compared to a bare stainless-steel surface. This testing was part of a larger set of trials conducted in the flowloop, which lasted about one year. The surface treatment durability under flowing conditions was evaluated during this time. Even after experiencing ∼4000 operating hours and 2 full pressure cycles, no evidence of delamination or damage was detected. Finally, as part of an extension to previous work, corroded surface asphaltene deposition experiments were performed in a bench-top flowloop. Treated experiments displayed an order of magnitude reduction in both total oil (all fractions of crude oil) and asphaltene fraction deposited.

scholarly journals Asphaltene Precipitation Modeling of Sadi Formation in Halfaya Iraqi Oil Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 113-128
Author(s):  
Ali Anwar Ali ◽  
Mohammed S. Al-Jawad ◽  
Abdullah A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Pvt Data ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition ◽  
Reservoir Conditions

Asphaltene is a component class that may precipitate from petroleum as a highly viscous and sticky material that is likely to cause deposition problems in a reservoir, in production well, transportation, and in process plants. It is more important to locate the asphaltene precipitation conditions (precipitation pressure and temperature) before the occurring problem of asphaltene deposition to prevent it and eliminate the burden of high treatment costs of this problem if it happens. There are different models which are used in this flow assurance problem (asphaltene precipitation and deposition problem) and these models depend on experimental testing of asphaltene properties. In this study, the used model was equation of state (EOS) model and this model depends on PVT data and experimental data of asphaltene properties (AOP measurement) and its content (asphaltene weight percent). The report of PVT and flow assurance of the live oil from the well (HFx1) of the zone of case study (Sadi formation in Halfaya oil field) showed that there is a problem of asphaltene precipitation depending on asphaltene onset pressure (AOP) test from this report which showed high AOP greater than local reservoir pressure. Therefore this problem must be studied and the conditions of forming it determined. In the present work, the asphaltene precipitation of Halfaya oil field was modeled based on the equation of state (EOS) by using Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) equation which gave the best matching with the experimental data. The main result of this study was that the reservoir conditions (pressure and temperature) were located in the asphaltene precipitation region which means that the asphaltene was precipitated from the oil and when the pressure of the reservoir decreases more with oil production or with time it will cause asphaltene deposition in the reservoir by plugging the pores and reducing the permeability of the formation.  

Interpretation Challenges and Solutions for Real-Time Asphaltene Paramagnetic Sensing at the Wellhead

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Lovell ◽  
Dalia Salim Abdallah ◽  
Rahul Mark Fonseca ◽  
Mark Grutters ◽  
Sameer Punnapala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Real Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Continuous Observation ◽  
Constant Property ◽  
Sensor Device ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition ◽  
Temperature And Pressure

Abstract Asphaltene deposition presents a significant flow assurance to oil production in many parts of the Middle East and beyond. Until recently, there had been no intervention-free approach to monitor deposition in the asphaltene affected wells. This prompted ADNOC to sponsor MicroSilicon to develop of an intervention less real-time sensor device to monitor asphaltene deposition. This new state-of-the-art device is currently installed and automatically collecting data at the wellhead and nearby facilities of an ADNOC operated field. Historic ways of measuring asphaltene in oil relied upon laboratory processes that extracted the asphaltene using a combination of solvents and gravimetric techniques. Paramagnetic techniques offer a potentially simpler alternative because it is known that the spins per gram of an oil is a constant property of that oil, at least when the oil is at constant temperature and pressure. Taking the device to the field means that any interpretation needs to be made independent of these properties. Additionally, the fluid entering the sensor is multiphase and subject to varying temperature and pressure which raises challenges for the conversion of raw spectroscopic data into asphaltene quantity and particle size. These challenges were addressed with a combination of hardware, software and cloud-based machine learning technologies. Oil from over two dozen wells has been sampled in real-time and confirmed that the asphaltene percentage does not just vary from well to well but is also a dynamic aspect of production, with some wells having relatively constant levels and others showing consistent variation. One other well was placed on continuous observation and showed a decrease in asphaltene level following a choke change at the surface. Diagnostic data enhanced by machine learning complements the asphaltene measurement and provides a much more complete picture of the flow assurance challenge than had been previously been available.

An Integrated Simulation Approach for Wellbore Blockage Considering Precipitation, Aggregation, and Deposition of Asphaltene Particles

SPE Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Minhui Qi ◽  
Rouzbeh Ghanbarnezhad Moghanloo ◽  
Xin Su ◽  
Mingzhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Production Capacity ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Aggregation Processes ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition ◽  
Wellbore Flow ◽  
Flow Simulator

Summary Asphaltene deposition triggers serious flow assurance issues and can significantly restrict the production capacity. Because of the complexity associated with asphaltene deposition that includes several mechanisms acting simultaneously, an accurate prediction of asphaltene blockage along the wellbore requires integration of asphaltene precipitation, aggregation, and deposition. In this work, an integrated simulation approach is proposed to predict the asphaltene deposition profile along the wellbore. The proposed approach is novel because it integrates various deposition patterns of particulate flow (which depends on hydrodynamics) with aggregation processes to investigate how the distribution of asphaltene particle size varies (governed by molecular dynamics) after being precipitated out of the oil phase (controlled by thermodynamics). To improve the predictability capability of simulations, a direct input from the wellbore flow simulator is used to update the velocity profile after the wellbore radius changes beyond a certain predefined threshold. The fraction of asphaltene precipitation is determined using the asphaltene solubility model and combined with aggregation models to feed into deposition calculations. Wellbore blockage was examined for two cases with and without the aggregation mechanism included. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study parameters that affect the severity of blockage, such as range of pressure-temperature along the wellbore, flow velocity, and radial distribution of asphaltene particles. The simulation approach proposed in this paper provides an in-depth understanding of the wellbore flow assurance issues caused by asphaltene deposition and thus provides useful insights for improving the predictions of production performance.

Asphaltene Deposition Measurement and Modeling for Flow Assurance of Tubings and Flow Lines

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 495-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Akbarzadeh ◽  
Dmitry Eskin ◽  
John Ratulowski ◽  
Shawn Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Asphaltene Deposition

scholarly journals New Advances in Post-Installed Subsea Monitoring Systems for Structural and Flow Assurance Evaluation

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Asgharzadeh Shishavan ◽  
David V. Brower ◽  
John D. Hedengren ◽  
Alexis D. Brower
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Sensor Calibration ◽  
Monitoring Systems ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Mooring Lines ◽  
Rocket Motors

An overview of fiber optic sensors for temperature, pressure, strain, and fatigue of subsea structures is provided. Current progress details efforts to ensure proper installation and bonding to existing risers, flow-lines, mooring lines, trees, and other structures in actual subsea environments. Developments include clamp prototypes, bonding techniques, long-term fatigue analysis, sensor calibration, and temperature compensation. Fiber optic technology in subsea monitoring began over 20 years ago by migrating expertise from decommissioning of rocket motors. The first installations were on new installations of subsea pipelines, production risers, and drilling risers to measure strain and vibration for fatigue life monitoring. Of particular interest for these systems were detecting riser vortex induced vibration and strain throughout the touchdown zone. A prior limitation was that sensor installation was only performed top-side on new subsea equipment. This recent work demonstrates the capability to deploy on existing subsea equipment. The novel contributions of this study are the developments that optimize the clamp design, bonding techniques, and factors that allow long-term service life. Button pull tests validate long term service life after the clamps are subjected to accelerated aging tests. Details on the subsea calibration also provide insight on the recent progress with post-installed sensors. The purpose of reliable post-installed advanced sensors is not only to detect failures of subsea infrastructure but also to warn of signs of fatigue or hydrate formation that contribute to catastrophic failures. The calibration and testing mentioned in this paper are part of the Clear Gulf study, a collaboration formed in 2010 between the offshore energy industry and NASA. The study continues to make advances in highly sensitive monitoring systems that anticipate failures, catastrophic events, and flow assurance issues.

Therapy and prevention for mental health: What if mental diseases are mostly not brain disorders?

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. A. Ioannidis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Brain Disorders ◽  
Social Stressors ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
Mental Diseases ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Political Decisions

AbstractNeurobiology-based interventions for mental diseases and searches for useful biomarkers of treatment response have largely failed. Clinical trials should assess interventions related to environmental and social stressors, with long-term follow-up; social rather than biological endpoints; personalized outcomes; and suitable cluster, adaptive, and n-of-1 designs. Labor, education, financial, and other social/political decisions should be evaluated for their impacts on mental disease.

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