Laboratory Study of Oil Palm Kernel Shells and Mangrove Plant Fiber Banana Trunk Fiber as Lost Circulation Materials in Synthetic Based Drilling Mud

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekeoma Isaac Prince ◽  
Adewale Dosunmu ◽  
Chimaroke Anyanwu
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Plant Fiber ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Lost Circulation Materials ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

The Characteristic Study of Oil Palm Kernel Expeller as Lost Circulation Material in Water Based Drilling Mud (WBM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 648-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aimi Ghazali ◽  
M.Z.M. Jaih ◽  
T.A.T. Mohd ◽  
Nur Hashimah Alias ◽  
Azlinda Azizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Water Based ◽  
High Production ◽  
The Common ◽  
Filtrate Loss ◽  
The One ◽  
Lost Circulation Materials

When drill in a highly permeable zone the common problem faced by the operator is lost circulation of drilling mud into the formation. Lost circulation of mud are costly and therefore lost circulation materials (LCM) being introduced to the mud formulation to prevent lost circulation from the formation. Since Malaysia is the one of the major country producer of Palm kernel Oil (PKO) with the high production of crude fibre from palm kernel (palm kernel expeller), thus this study was carried out to determine the ability of Palm Kernel Expeller (PKE) to be used as LCM in drilling mud. PKE used was in granule form by cause of pressing under high pressure compress to remove palm oil. Rheological and API filtration test were carried to determine the characteristic PKE in drilling mud. Water based mud (WBM) sample was used in this study with four (4) different concentration of PKE. The results show the filter cake formed was improved as the concentration increased and the filtrate loss reduced. SEM data also shows the ability of PKE to form a bridge across the pore thus reducing the loss of filtration.

scholarly journals Effect of Graded Oil Palm Kernel Shells on Compaction of Weak o Problematic Sub-Grade Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
M. Affam ◽  
R. Ewusi Wilson ◽  
D. Asenso-Gjambibi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Problematic Soils ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

AbstractSub-grade is the ultimate load bearer of vehicular traffic load in a pavement structure. A weak sub-grade or problematic soils require some improvements like soil stabilisation, soil reinforcement and/or capping of the sub-grade layer. These sub-grade improvement methods increase the total project cost because non-local materials such as cement, geosynthetics and hydrated lime are commonly used. The use of graded oil palm kernel shells (OPKS) which are local, cheaper and readily available as a soil improvement material was assessed in this research. This assessment was done by mixing sub-grade material with 2.8 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm graded OPKS. 10 %, 20 % and 30 % of each graded OPKS was added separately to the soil to form nine composite materials. These composite materials including the natural soil were tested for their California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values. The investigation proved that the composite made of 20 % 2.8 mm graded OPKS yielded a soaked CBR of 23.5 % which is a 197.47 % increase in soaked CBR compared to that of the natural soil. The soaked CBR samples of the graded OPKS composite materials absorbed lesser amounts of water in comparison to that of the natural soil. This behaviour implies that some capillary force created at un-soaked condition in the composite materials was preserved; therefore, the composite materials generally have higher CBR values than the natural soil. Keywords: Oil Palm Kernel Shells (OPKS), Problematic Soils, Lightweight Aggregate (LWA)

scholarly journals The Effect of Coconut Fibres, Banana Trunk Peel and Baggasse on the Lost Circulation of the Drilling Mud

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rizki Akbar ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Ratnayu Sitaresmi
Keyword(s):  
Filter Press ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Coconut Fibre ◽  
Stop Loss ◽  
Lost Circulation Materials ◽  
Study Laboratory ◽  
Mud Filtrate

<p>Lost Circulation Materials (LCM) are specially designed not to damage the penetrating formation during handling of loss circulation problems and are very effective for drilling operations worldwide. Optimization of LCM composition may stop loss circulation effectively and protect the production zone from the invasion of mud filtrate. The concentration of lost circulation  materials (LCM) is a key parameter to determine the effectiveness of LCM. In this study, laboratory equipment such as the Hamilton beech mixer, Fann VG meter and API filter press are used to evaluate the effectiveness of various LCMs in dealing with loss circulation. In this research, coconut fibre, banana tree skin, and bagasse are used as LCM in various concentrations. The mud losses were simulated using an 80 mesh shaker. The quality of the muddy rheological properties was<br />the basic parameters to be evaluated. The test was carried out at 80oF and 200oF. The experimental results show that bagasse has the best performance both at 80oF and 200oF as LCM compared withcoconut fibres and banana trunk. The lost circulation of  mud filtrate at 80oF and 200oF due to the addition of 2 gram bagasse is 34 ml and 40 ml, respectively.</p>

The Effects of Temperature on Rheology Properties and Filtrate after Using Lemongrass as Lost Circulation Materials for Oil Based Drilling Mud

2014 ◽  
Vol 911 ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Ghazali ◽  
T.A.T. Mohd ◽  
N. Alias ◽  
M.Z. Shahruddin ◽  
A. Sauki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Mud Loss ◽  
Lost Circulation Materials

Lost circulation materials (LCM) are used to combat mud loss to the reservoir formation which can cause problems during drilling operation. Difficulties in handling and costly are those challenges faced by drilling operator. Mostly LCM can work better in water based mud compared to oil based mud due to characteristic of LCM itself. Nowadays, most of operator interested in the ultra-deep water due to the limitation of reservesand deals with high temperature and high pressure conditions.Oil based mud (OBM) is more preferable in high temperature conditions compared to water based mud hence a laboratory study was carried out to investigate the effect of temperature on the performance of lemongrass with different sizes in oil based mud. The oil based mud was formulated and tested with three different temperatures which are 250oF, 275oF and 350oF. The lemongrass LCM was prepared with three different sizes which are 150 microns, 250 microns and 500 microns. The sizes distribution of LCM is one of the main contributors to the success of LCM in the formation. The oil based mud samples were tested using Fann Viscometer to determine rheology properties and HPHT Filter Press to investigate the amount of filtrate. It was found that different temperatures and sizes have great effects on the lemongrass LCM in the oil based mud. The optimum temperature for lemongrass LCM is 275oF and with the sizes of 250 microns.

scholarly journals STUDI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PADAT KELAPA SAWIT

Konversi ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Andi Haryanti ◽  
Norsamsi Norsamsi ◽  
Putri Suci Fanny Sholiha ◽  
Novy Pralisa Putri
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

Abstrak- Setiap tahunnya produksi kelapa sawit makin meningkat, sehingga akan terjadi peningkatan juga pada limbah kelapa sawit. Limbah kelapa sawit adalah sisa-sisa hasil tanaman kelapa sawit yang tidak termasuk dalam produk utama atau merupakan hasil ikutan dari proses pengolahan kelapa sawit. Limbah padat kelapa sawit dapat berupa tandan kosong, cangkang dan sabut, dimana pada 1 ton kelapa sawit menghasilkan limbah berupa tandan kosong kelapa sawit sebanyak 23% atau 230 kg, limbah cangkang sebanyak 6,5% atau 65 kg, sabut 13% atau 130 kg. Umumnya limbah padat industri kelapa sawit mengandung bahan organik yang tinggi sehingga jika penanganan limbah secara tidak tepat akan mencemari lingkungan. Pada tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai PLT biomassa, pupuk dan bioetanol. Untuk cangkang kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai karbon/arang aktif, pembuatan pupuk cair kalium sulfat, pengawet alami tahu, bahan bakar (biomassa), briket. Untuk sabut kelapa sawit dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan penguat sifat mekanik komposit, fiber glass, pengolah limbah cair, pembuatan pulp, media tanaman alternatif, alternatif pengganti solar dan batubara sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit listrik. Masih banyak yang bisa di lakukan untuk pemanfaatan limbah padat kelapa sawit dengan dilakukan penelitian. Kata Kunci: limbah padat kelapa sawit, TKKS, cangkang kelapa sawit, sabut kelapa sawit Abstract- Each year, palm oil production increased, so that there will be an increase also in palm oil waste. Waste of palm oil crops are not included in the main product or a by-product of the processing of palm oil. Solid waste can be either oil palm empty fruit bunches, shells and fiber (coir), which on 1 ton of palm oil generates waste in the form of empty fruit bunches of oil pam as much as 23% or 230 kg, the waste shell as much as 6.5% or 65 kg, coir (fiber) 13% or 130 kg. Generally palm oil industrial solid waste contain organic matter so that if the improper handling of waste will pollute the environment. In the oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) PLT can be used as biomass, manure and bioethanol. For palm kernel shells can be used as a carbon/charcoal, liquid potassium sulphate fertilizer production, and natural preservatives. To coir (fiber) palm oil can be used as a reinforcing material for the mechanical properties of the composite, fiber glass, liquid waste processing, manufacture of pulp, media alternative crops, alternative to diesel and coal as fuel for electricity generation. There is still much that can be done for solid waste utilization of palm oil by doing a research.Keywords: solid waste of palm oil, EFB, palm kernel shells, fiber of palm oil

Possible Utilization Of Palm Kernel Shell As An AlternativeLost Circulating Agents During Oil Well Drilling

1989 ◽  
pp. 52-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Azam Md. Yassin ◽  
Azmi Kamis ◽  
Mohamad Rusin
Keyword(s):  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Palm Kernel Shell ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Lost Circulation Materials

Palm kernel shell is a byproducts from the palm oil milling process. The viability of using the palm kernel shell as a lost circulating agent will be studies. An initial study is carried out to determine the characterisation require, to combat lost circulation. Then further tests are carried out to evaluate the characteristics for lost circulation materials and the effect of palm kernel shell on the mud properties. The test results showed that palm kernel shell can be used as a lost circulation agent wirh better performance when compared to walnut shell. And the effect of palm kernel shell on the mud properties is negligible if the pericarp surrounding the hell is properly removed.

PALM KERNEL SHELL AS AN ALTERNATIVE AGGREGATE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE CONCRETE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heny Purwanti ◽  
Titik Penta Artiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

Coarse aggregates commonly used in concrete are coarse natural aggregates, which are broken stones or gravel. Continuous rock exploration can cause environmental damage or even more severe ecosystem damage. Therefore it is necessary to substitute an alternative aggregate. Indonesia has the second largest oil palm plantation (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) in the world after Malaysia. Plantations are renewable resources, so palm oil is also potential to be used as an alternative to diesel fuel. Palm kernel shells are palm oil industry wastes which are generally underutilized. Palm kernel shells can be used as an alternative to coarse aggregate, because oil palm shells have the advantage of being hard, tough and good durability due to the high content of lignin and silica dioxide (SiO2), such as hard wood, but low cellulose content so it is not easy rot. The strength of the palm oil shell is quite good. In addition, the aggregate gradation also fulfills the requirements without a breakdown process, which has a thickness of 2-4 mm and a maximum width of 15 mm. The volume of oil palm shells is + 600 kg/m3, so it will produce significant light weight concrete. The concrete studied was concrete with a coarse aggregate of tenera palm kernel shells, with fine aggregates of natural sand, and a Portland Composite Cement (PCC), but the PCC content was reduced and replaced by FA which varied from 0%, 5%, 10 %, 15%, 20 and 25%. Concrete also added superplasticizer (SP). SP is used to reduce water use, because the shell absorbs water. SP levels also vary, namely 0%, 1%, and 1.2%. The weight of the volume of concrete with various levels of fly ash and SP is 1700-1800 kg/m3, so it can be classified as lightweight concrete. Increased FA levels will increase compressive strength, but only up to 10%, after which the strength decreases. Compressive strength of specimens with SP 0% and FA 10% is 17.92 MPa, for SP levels of 1% and FA 10% is 22.15 MPa, while for SP levels of 1.2% and FA 10% is 19.35 MPa . So that it can be concluded that the palm shell as bio-material (renewable resources) can be used as a substitute for natural coarse aggregates. The optimum fly ash level is 10%, and to reduce water use SP 1%. The use of oil palm shells as a substitute for gravel means reducing the waste of the palm oil industry, while reducing rock exposures. In addition, in Indonesia there are many areas where there are no rock sources while oil palm plantations are quite extensive.

scholarly journals Pengujian Kompos Limbah Media Baglog Jamur dan Biochar Cangkang Kernel Kelapa Sawit pada Bibit Okulasi Karet (Hevea Brasiliensis) yang Ditumpangsari dengan Tanaman Padi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
Fajar Wihono ◽  
Sumihar Hutapea ◽  
Gusmeizal Gusmeizal
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

Testing of Compost Waste Baglog Media Fungus and Biochar Palm Kernel Shells in Rubber Grafting Seeds (Hevea Brasiliensis) intercropped with Rice Plants. This thesis is under the guidance of Ir. Gusmeizal, MP as supervisor I and Dr.Ir. Sumihar Hutapea MS, as supervisor II This research was conducted in Sampali Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, on May 28-September 8, 2018. The research method used was a factorial randomized block design (RAK) consisting of 2 treatment factors, namely, mushroom baglog compost media waste (K) and oil palm kernel biochar (B) where compost treatment was 3 levels and oil palm kernel biochar treatment was 4 level. Factor I: Compost of mushroom baglog media waste with 3 levels of concentration ie K0 = Control (without compost), K1 = Baglog compost of 50 grams / polybag, K2 = Baglog compost of 100 grams / polybag. While Factor II: Biochar palm kernel with 4 levels, namely: B0 = Control (without Biochar), B1 = Giving Biochar Palm Kernel 10 grams / polybag, B2 = Giving Biochar Palm Kernel 20 grams / polybag, B3 = Giving Biochar Kernel 10 grams / polybag, B2 = Giving Biochar Palm Kernel 20 grams / polybag, B3 = Giving Biochar Kernel Palm Oil 30 grams / polybag, each treatment was repeated 3 times.The parameters observed in this study consisted of shoot bud rupture time, shoot height (cm), number of strands (leaves), leaf area, leaf color, stem diameter. The results showed that the treatment given had no significant effect on all parameters.

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