Kuwait's First Memory Production Logging in Horizontal Section Conveyed with Normal Coiled Tubing, Challenges, Risk Assessment and Solution

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Humoud Almohammad ◽  
Hazim Ayyad ◽  
Alaa Sultan ◽  
Nitin Rane ◽  
Khaled Abdulrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Coiled Tubing

Bicentric Milling Approach Enables the Recovery of the Horizontal Section of an Unconventional Well in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Franco Delgado ◽  
Felix Jahn ◽  
Liam Weir ◽  
Brian Bruce ◽  
Nestor Carreno
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Cutting Head ◽  
Abnormal Pressure ◽  
Viable Solution ◽  
Casing Damage ◽  
Pump Rate ◽  
Engineering Team ◽  
Efficient Recovery ◽  
Casing Deformation

Abstract During the completion phase of an unconventional well in Turkey, casing deformation represented a challenge to the operator and Coiled Tubing (CT) service provider due to the potential loss of almost 70% of the horizontal section. The deformation obstructed the path to continue the milling the remaining plugs. The implementation of bicentric mills and Multi-Cycling Circulation Valve (MCCV) incorporated in the milling assembly allowed efficient recovery of the horizontal section. The tubing condition analysis done by the engineering team showed that symmetric mills would not be beneficial. Conformance tubing was not an option. Bicentric milling approach was deemed the most viable solution. This approach consists of using offset mills where rotation causes the cutting head to cover an area larger than the mill's frontal face. However, this approach could lead the CT pipe getting stuck due to big junk left. The use of a MCCV, limiting the number of milled plugs, and performing a fishing run between milling runs were key to the success of the bicentric milling approach. The Turkish well was completed with ten stages isolated by nine aluminum plugs. During the fracturing of stage seven, an abnormal pressure drop was observed while keeping the same pump rate, indicating possible casing damage. After all the stages were fractured, the CT proceeded to mill the plugs using a 4.63-in Outside Diameter (OD) mill. After three plugs were milled, an obstruction was detected, indicated by frequent aggressive motor stalls at the same depth. A tapered mill was run to perform a tubing conformance, and after several hours of unsuccessful penetration, the tool was recovered. At the surface, the tool showed signs of wear around 4.268 in. A 4.0-in OD mill was used to drift this section, and it passed free. An analysis of both the plug anatomy and the casing condition was done to determine the most viable solution. A 4-in OD bicentric mill was designed to pass across the restriction with an adjusted eccentricity to allow higher contact area. Three bicentric milling runs were made with the limit of a maximum of two plugs per run to avoid a CT stuck situation due to the larger cuttings as a result of the mill's asymmetry. The sparsity of information on using bicentric mills for plug milling required research into unpublished practices for such scenarios. This paper documents bicentric milling approach, the use of offset mills, and the mitigation measurements taken during this project to avoid a stuck situation due to large debris generated.

Setting New Milestones for Coiled Tubing Intervention in Mega-Reach Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Jason Wheatley ◽  
Gladwin Correia ◽  
Samhar Adi ◽  
Nestor Molero ◽  
Cremilton Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Software Modeling ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Coiled Tubing

Abstract Maximizing reservoir contact through extended-reach and mega-reach wells has become a prevalent field development strategy for major offshore operators in the Middle East. This is especially true for the giant oilfield "A", where drilling targets go beyond 40,000 ft. measured depth (MD), with MD/TVD ratios in excess of 4.5:1. Such challenging horizons call for a detailed re-evaluation of well interventions. In 2019, the well surveillance program in the field A required intervention in a mega-reach well with a MD over 35,500 ft. and 4.5:1 MD/TVD ratio. This reach was unthinkable only a few years ago but has been made possible thanks to several recent key technological advancements, such as coiled tubing (CT) equipped with optical fiber and new CT hydraulic tractors, proactive and detailed planning during the drilling phase, the development of highly engineered CT string designs, surface equipment upgrades, and accurate software modeling. The target well is an oil producer with horizontal section beyond 23,000 ft., completed with 6 5/8-in. pre-perforated liner and 23 swellable packers placed across the 8 1/2-in. open hole section. A multiphase production logging tool was selected to assess the production profile along its horizontal drain. With a target depth beyond the reach of conventional wireline, CT equipped with optical fiber emerged as the optimum solution to facilitate reach and overcome the weight and pumping limitations of wired CT. A comprehensive CT reach modeling exercise compared the performance of several 2-in. and 2 3/8-in. CT string designs and identified operational requirements and reach gains from CT hydraulic tractors. As a result, an engineered 2-in. CT tapered string of near 36,700 ft. was developed, capable of being equipped with optical fiber line, while delivering the required flow rate and differential pressure to the CT hydraulic tractor without compromising any operational safety margin. At the time of manufacturing, this was considered the longest CT string ever produced and fitted for downhole telemetry. The operation itself set new records for well interventions in mega-reach wells, with a CT reach above 35,500 ft. MD, including a hydraulic tractoring footage over 15,650 ft. MD with spaced slugs of chemical friction reducer. This case study explains how to develop a safe, robust, and effective solution to mega-reach well challenges using the CT-conveyed optical fiber telemetry technology in one of the deepest wells in the field A, setting a new global record in CT reach. The lessons learned are now the reference for other operators in the Middle East and across the globe for performing interventions in wells that continue to be stretched in its extended reach. It also depicts why telemetry through optical fiber is key to the success of such projects and provides an overview of technology needs for the future of mega-reach well developments.

scholarly journals Production logging via coiled tubing fiber optic infrastructures (FSI) and its application in shale gas wells

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuangang Meng ◽  
Weijia Wang ◽  
Zhenzhen Shen ◽  
Jiangyong Xiong ◽  
Heng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Shale Gas ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Well Drilling ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Main Development ◽  
Well Trajectory

AbstractMultistage stimulation operation using plug and perf technique is the main development mode in domestic shale gas play. Because of the particularity of well trajectory, well geometry caused by rapid drilling operation in shale gas wells, the residual plug debris after plug milling, the complexity of multiphase flow in horizontal section, etc., it is difficult for conventional production logging to meet the needs of shale gas wells. However, a number of shale gas wells need to be evaluated in the effects of well drilling and completion and fracturing, providing the guidance for the next fracturing design, so the production logging via coiled tubing fiber optic infrastructures (FSI) can satisfy the needs of shale gas wells, really reflect water holdup and gas holdup in different fracturing stage, and effectively evaluate fracturing effect of each stage.

An Innovative Deployment Technique to Optimize Logging Conveyance and Improve Data Quality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Larbi Zeghlache ◽  
Hermawan Manuab Ida ◽  
Abderrahmane Benslimani ◽  
Rajesh Thatha
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Sensor Orientation ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Optimum Sensor ◽  
Extended Reach Drilling ◽  
Tool Position

AbstractWireline logging in a complex well profile, such as extended reach drilling (ERD) wells, presents many challenges for conveyance and data quality. Traditional pipe conveyed logging (PCL) or coiled tubing (CT) are prohibitive in terms of rig time, operational complexity and cost. Alternatively, tractor conveyance is limited by the available force in long laterals. Tools and accessories create higher friction and might jeopardize tool position in the horizontal section. Consequently, both data quality and reaching total depth are compromised. This paper details an innovative deployment technique using oriented wheels to address these challenges.The new centralizing system, comprised of bespoke wheeled carriages, takes a holistic approach to tool conveyance, reducing drag while ensuring optimum sensor orientation. Tool position is achieved through management of tool center of gravity, relative to the wheel axes. The idea of "centralizing by decentralizing" uses the wheeled carriages instead of bow spring centralizers. An eccentered counterweight is included to ensure the proper orientation of the logging sensors.In addition to improving data quality with proper centralization, the wheels minimize friction and the required force to push the toolstring when combined with a tractor. This enables the toolstring to safely and efficiently reach the well bottom and avoid multiple attempts and associated downhole failures. In the planning phase, calibrated software simulation parameters for this technique help to predict free-fall depth and required tractoring force.The wheeled carriages were deployed in an ERD well for cement evaluation across a 9-5/8" casing and could reach a world record of 85° by gravity. The reduced friction and optimized tool position resulted in higher tractor force margins; and so a net gain in the overall tractoring distance. Also, the low drag and surface tension enabled a sufficient pull capacity with a minimum drive combination. For data acquisition, this deployment enabled a minimum eccentricity, resulting in better cement evaluation data quality and reduced uncertainty related to interpretation. In addition to these benefits, a tangible and direct savings of rig time has improved safety, operational efficiency and well delivery KPIs. Oriented wheels with tractors were deployed in other challenging environments and showed consistent and reliable results.This innovative technique can be deployed in both open-hole and cased-hole with fitted design depending on the borehole size, well profile and complexity of the toolstring configuration.

North Sea Horizontal Well with Multi-Zone Completion Sets World Record Using Acid Jetting Technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Ritchie ◽  
Eyad Mohamed Elhassan ◽  
Thomas Jørgensen ◽  
Kristian Solhaug
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Potential Game ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
The North ◽  
Parallel Pattern

Abstract A new development well in the Halfdan Field, well HBB-05, was selected as a candidate for the first Multilateral Completion Stimulation Technology (MCST) installation in the Danish sector of the North Sea. Placed in a thinner part of the Ekofisk formation it was important that the well didn't communicate with the underlying Tor formation, which would reduce the recovery from both reservoirs. An alternative completion was sought that would enhance reservoir contact, while protecting reserves. Halfdan is a laterally extensive field and comprises a high porosity (25% - 35%), low permeability (0.5 mD – 5 mD) chalk reservoir of Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) and Danian (0.1-1mD) (Lower Paleocene) age. The main field, located within the Maastrichtian Tor formation, is developed with long horizontal wells of 10,000 ft - 15,000 ft reservoir sections drilled in a parallel pattern of alternating oil production and water injection wells spaced 600 ft apart. A multizone MCST was placed in a thin, layered chalk aiming for an increased effective well bore radius. The well consisted of a 4-½" liner with a new record number of subs placed in one well; 56 MCST subs. Each sub contained four needles at 90 degrees phasing capable of penetrating up to 40 ft. into the reservoir. The subs were placed in the distal 3,000ft horizontal section, beyond the reach of coiled tubing. The liner was installed on a work string starting at 16,820 ft. First time usage of MCST offshore Denmark creates a potential game changer for carbonate reservoir productivity enhancement. Production improvement over conventional stimulation methods where the following challenges may be addressed: –Thin, layered chalk–Need for increased wellbore radius–Extended reach reservoir sections–Beyond the reach of coiled tubing

scholarly journals Research on Targeted Acidizing Technology in Long Horizontal Section of Carbonate Reservoir

2021 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 01091
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Changjun Long ◽  
Jianli Zhang ◽  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Zhengdong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Horizontal Section ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Vertical Heterogeneity ◽  
Well Pattern

The upper layer of Oil field A is developed by horizontal linear well pattern with long well segment. After completion, there is relatively serious formation damage, and the tested epidermal factor is up to 6.21 on average. Due to the length of horizontal well section and the serious vertical heterogeneity of formation, some strata were over-acidized in the early stage, so it was very difficult to distribute acid evenly. For this reason, the low contribution layer of horizontal section was determined by using amino carboxylic acid system and coiled tubing hydrojet acidification process, combined with reservoir characteristics, and the spindle-type acid distribution method was adopted to optimize nozzle combination parameters to predict construction displacement and ground construction pressure. The laboratory experiment was carried out to compare with the conventional acid system for core displacement experiment. The acid could form acid-etch wormhole, effectively extend the acid-action distance, and achieve the purpose of slow and deep penetration.

Risk assessment in dentistry

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (10) ◽  
pp. 756-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
CW Douglass
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment
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