Simulation and Modeling of Pressure Difference on Steam Chamber and Production Performance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xiong ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
D. Devegowda ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
C. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Simulation And Modeling ◽  
Steam Chamber

Influence of Pressure Difference Between Reservoir and Production Well on Steam-Chamber Propagation and Reservoir-Production Performance

SPE Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 452-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Xiong ◽  
Shijun Huang ◽  
Deepak Devegowda ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Steam Chamber ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Expansion Angle

Summary Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) is the most-effective thermal recovery method to exploit oil sand. The driving force of gravity is generally acknowledged as the most-significant driving mechanism in the SAGD process. However, an increasing number of field cases have shown that pressure difference might play an important role in the process. The objective of this paper is to simulate the effects of injector/producer-pressure difference on steam-chamber evolution and SAGD production performance. A series of 2D numerical simulations was conducted using the MacKay River and Dover reservoirs in western Canada to investigate the influence of pressure difference on SAGD recovery. Meanwhile, the effects of pressure difference on oil-production rate, stable production time, and steam-chamber development were studied in detail. Moreover, by combining Darcy's law and heat conduction along with a mass balance in the reservoir, a modified mathematical model considering the effects of pressure difference is established to predict the SAGD production performance. Finally, the proposed model is validated by comparing calculated cumulative oil production and oil-production rate with the results from numerical and experimental simulations. The results indicate that the oil production first increases rapidly and then slows down when a certain pressure difference is reached. The pressure difference has strong effects on steam-chamber-rising/expansion stages. However, at the expansion stage, lower pressure difference can achieve the same effect as high pressure difference. In addition, it is shown that the steam-chamber-expansion angle is a function of pressure difference. Using this finding, a new mathematical model is established considering the modification of the expansion angle, which (Butler 1991) treated as a constant. With the proposed model, production performance such as cumulative oil production and oil-production rate can be predicted. The steam-chamber shape is redefined at the rising stage, changing from a fan-like shape to a hexagonal shape, but not the single fan-like shape defined by (Butler 1991). This shape redefinition can clearly explain why the greatest oil-production rate does not occur when the steam chamber reaches the caprock. Literature surveys show few studies on how pressure difference influences steam-chamber development and SAGD recovery. The current paper provides a modified SAGD production model and an entirely new scope for SAGD enhanced oil recovery (EOR) that makes the pressure difference a new optimizable factor in the field.

Prediction for steam chamber development and production performance in SAGD process

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shaolei ◽  
Cheng Linsong ◽  
Huang Wenjun ◽  
Huang Shijun ◽  
Liu Shuai
Keyword(s):  
Production Performance ◽  
Steam Chamber

scholarly journals Breccia interlayer effects on steam-assisted gravity drainage performance: experimental and numerical study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qichen Zhang ◽  
Xiaodong Kang ◽  
Huiqing Liu ◽  
Xiaohu Dong ◽  
Jian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Steam Chamber ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCurrently, the reservoir heterogeneity is a serious challenge for developing oil sands with SAGD method. Nexen’s Long Lake SAGD project reported that breccia interlayer was widely distributed in lower and middle part of reservoir, impeding the steam chamber expansion and heated oil drainage. In this paper, two physical experiments were conducted to study the impact of breccia interlayer on development of steam chamber and production performance. Then, a laboratory scale numerical simulation model was established and a history match was conducted based on the 3D experimental results. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of thickness and permeability of breccia layer was performed. The influence mechanism of breccia layer on SAGD performance was analyzed by comparing the temperature profile of steam chamber and production dynamics. The experimental results indicate that the existence of breccia interlayer causes a thinner steam chamber profile and longer time to reach the peak oil rate. And, the ultimate oil recovery reduced 15.8% due to much oil stuck in breccia interlayer areas. The numerical simulation results show that a lower permeability in breccia layer area has a serious adverse impact on oil recovery if the thickness of breccia layer is larger, whereas the effect of permeability on SAGD performance is limited when the breccia layer is thinner. Besides, a thicker breccia layer can increase the time required to reach the peak oil rate, but has a little impact on the ultimate oil recovery.

Study on the Characteristics of Production Performance and Steam Chamber of SAGD Considering Interlayer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
Shijun Huang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Meng Cao ◽  
Lijie Yang
Keyword(s):  
Production Performance ◽  
Steam Chamber

Investigating the Performance of Various FCD Geometries for SAGD Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kousha Gohari ◽  
Julian Ortiz ◽  
Anson Abraham ◽  
Oscar Becerra Moreno ◽  
Mazda Irani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Mechanistic Modeling ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Steam Chamber ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
Nozzle Size ◽  
Numerical Simulator

Abstract Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is a complex process that often requires more control relative to conventional applications during production operations. Flow Control Devices (FCDs) have been identified as one of the technologies that offer improved downhole steam utilization and injection/production efficiency. The first FCD completions, with a helical geometry, were installed in SAGD wells at the ConocoPhillips Surmont project over a decade ago. The installations have shown improved steam chamber conformance and reduced steam-oil ratio (SOR) while accelerating bitumen production. Since then, various FCD geometries have been investigated and used, with several of them explicitly designed with a steam blocking capability. This study used a numerical simulator to investigate the performance of these various FCD geometries. This comprehensive study started testing several geometries in a flow loop and using the data obtained to develop a mechanistic model to characterize the flow performance of the FCDs and finally evaluating their performance in a holistic manner via a numerical simulator. By using mechanistic modeling, it was ensured that the performance of the devices was accurately represented, and the physics of the process were considered. The analysis used a commercially available numerical simulator to evaluate the performance of the various FCD geometries in SAGD operation. Three sector models representing different reservoir qualities observed in Surmont were used for the analysis. Additionally, various operating strategies were investigated for each sector model to ensure that a comprehensive understanding of each FCD geometry was achieved. The results of this study showed that FCD flow resistance setting or nozzle size played a significant role in the production performance of the wells in liner deployed FCD applications. Additionally, the steam blocking geometries resulted in increased cumulative production and lower SOR relative to other geometries. The FCD geometry did also impact the development of the steam chamber. Nevertheless, if the FCD completions are configured with the proper flow resistance setting or nozzle size, they provide a proactive measure, which leads to significantly better performance compared to a non-FCD completion. With lower subcool, the geometry of the FCD has a greater impact on the performance of the well. It was also confirmed that an aggressive operating strategy results in better performance of the FCD completions.

Nonlinear Circuit Simulation and Modeling

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Pedro ◽  
David E. Root ◽  
Jianjun Xu ◽  
Luís Cótimos Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Circuit Simulation ◽  
Simulation And Modeling ◽  
Nonlinear Circuit

Dependence of Blood Clot Lysis on the Mode of Transport of Urokinase into the Clot - A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in Vitro

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (05) ◽  
pp. 549-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Blinc ◽  
G Planinšič ◽  
D Keber ◽  
O Jarh ◽  
G Lahajnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pressure Difference ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging

SummaryMagnetic resonance imaging was employed to study the dependence of clot lysing patterns on two different modes of transport of urokinase into whole blood clots. In one group of clots (nonperfused clots, n1 = 10), access of urokinase to the fibrin network was possible by diffusion only, whereas in the other group (perfused clots, n2 = 10) bulk flow of plasma containing urokinase was instituted through occlusive clots by a pressure difference of 3 .7 kPa (37 cm H2O) across 3 cm long clots with a diameter of 4 mm. It was determined separately that this pressure difference resulted in a volume flow rate of 5.05 ± 2.4 × 10−2 ml/min through occlusive clots. Perfused clots diminished in size significantly in comparison to nonperfused ones already after 20 min (p <0.005). Linear regression analysis of two-dimensional clot sizes measured by MRI showed that the rate of lysis was more than 50-times faster in the perfused group in comparison to the nonperfused group. It was concluded that penetration of the thrombolytic agent into clots by perfusion is much more effective than by diffusion. Our results might have some implications for understanding the differences in lysis of arterial and venous thrombi.

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