Advanced Production Data Analysis in Oil Carbonate Reservoirs

Author(s):  
P. M. Adrian
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair Ong ◽  
Laurent Alessio ◽  
Yassine Ben Salah ◽  
Christopher Connell ◽  
Saeed Majidaie ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Christopher Evans ◽  
Antony Corrie-Keilig

With the advent of permanent downhole gauges and automated flowing tubing head pressure measurements, today’s engineers have a veritable plethora of production data on which to characterise gas reservoirs and estimate their ultimate recovery. As consultants, the authors see datasets that have not always been examined to their fullest potential. More often than not this is due to a singular approach to analysis, rather than application of a range of analyses. This paper discusses how combining traditional and more advanced production data analysis techniques has provided insight into fields ranging from tight gas reservoirs to conventional reservoirs under active waterdrive. Such insight is not obtained from brute force application of one size fits all techniques but understanding and using the appropriate combination of techniques that are likely to illuminate the underlying physics of the reservoir at hand. The authors have seen examples where basic data analysis has identified resource ranges outside the range estimated from sensitivity studies with detailed and sophisticated but effectively singular models.


Geofluids ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Zhihao Jia ◽  
Linsong Cheng ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Suran Wang ◽  
Pin Jia

Carbonate reservoirs typically have complex pore structures, so the production wells typically have high production in the early production stage, but they decline rapidly. It is highly challenging to achieve accurate interpretation results. In this paper, a new and practical methodology for production data analysis of fractured and fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs is proposed. Firstly, analytical solutions to characterize the different multipore media and simulate transient production behavior of fractured and fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs during the transient flow regime are presented. Then, a new function f q D and f ′ q D that related to the dimensionless production rate is introduced, and a series of new decline type curves are drawn to make a clear observation of different flow regimes. In addition, the effects of the storativity ratio, interporosity flow coefficient, skin factor, and dimensionless radial distance of external boundary on production performance are also analyzed. Finally, two example wells from the fractured and fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs are used to perform rate decline analysis with both the Blasingame type curves and the new type curves. The validation of the new method is demonstrated in comparison to the results of well test interpretation. The results show that the curves of 1 / f ′ q D vs. t D are ∧ -shaped for dual-porosity reservoirs and M -shaped for triple porosity reservoirs and also indicate that the interpreted parameters such as permeability, skin factor, storativity ratio, and interporosity flow coefficient using new decline type curves are aligned well test interpretation. In correlation with other traditional well test analysis, this approach effectively reduces the multisolution probability of interpretation.


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair Ong ◽  
Laurent Alessio ◽  
Yassine Ben Salah ◽  
Christopher Connell ◽  
Saeed Majidaie ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 108377
Author(s):  
Bing Kong ◽  
Zhuoheng Chen ◽  
Shengnan Chen ◽  
Tianjie Qin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Mehrabadi ◽  
Gabriele Urbani ◽  
Simona Renna ◽  
Lucia Rossi ◽  
Italo Luciani ◽  
...  

Abstract In case of giant brown fields, a proper water injection management can result in a very complex process, due to the quality and quantity of data to be analysed. Main issue is the understanding of the injected water preferential paths, especially in carbonate environment characterized by strong vertical and areal heterogeneities (karst). A structured workflow is presented to analyze and integrate a massive data set, in order to understand and optimize the water injection scheme. An extensive Production Data Analysis (PDA) has been performed, based on the integration of available geological data (including NMR and Cased Hole Logs), production (allocated rates, Well Tests, PLT), pressure (SBHP, RFT, MDT, ESP) and salinity data. The applied workflow led to build a Fluid Path Conceptual Model (FPCM), an easy but powerful tool to visualize the complex dynamic connections between injectors-producers and aquifer influence areas. Several diagnostic plots were performed to support and validate the main outcomes. On this basis, proper actions were implemented to optimize the current water injection scheme. The workflow was applied on a carbonate giant brown field characterized by three different reservoir members, hydraulically communicating at original conditions, characterized by high vertical heterogeneity and permeability contrast. Moreover, dissolution phenomena, localized in the uppermost reservoir section, led to important permeability enhancement through a wide network of connected vugs, acting as water preferential communication pathways. The geological analysis played a key role to investigate the reservoir water flooding mechanism in dynamic conditions. The water rising mechanism was identified to be driven by the high permeability contrast, hence characterized by lateral independent movements in the different reservoir members. The integrated analysis identified room for optimization of the current water injection strategy. In particular, key factor was the analysis and optimization at block scale, intended as areal and vertical sub-units, as identified by the PDA and visualized through the FPCM. Actions were suggested, including injection rates optimization and the definition of new injections points. A detailed surveillance plan was finally implemented to monitor the effects of the proposed actions on the field performances, proving the robustness of the methodology. Eni workflow for water injection analysis and optimization was previously successfully tested only in sandstone reservoirs. This paper shows the robustness of the methodology also in carbonate environment, where water encroachment is strongly driven by karst network. The result is a clear understanding of the main dynamics in the reservoir, which allows to better tune any action aimed to optimize water injection and increase the value of mature assets.


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