Lithological Controls on Mechanical Anisotropy in Shales to Predict In Situ Stress Magnitudes and Potential for Shearing of Laminations During Fracturing

Geomechanical Modeling Based on the First Success of Micro-Frac Tests in the Nahr Umr Formation in Offshore Abu Dhabi

10.2118/207653-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kimikazu Tsusaka ◽

Tatsuya Fuji ◽

Michael Alexander Shaver ◽

Denya Pratama Yudhia ◽

Motohiro Toma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Situ Stress ◽

Oil Field ◽

Mechanical Anisotropy ◽

Borehole Wall ◽

Abu Dhabi ◽

Stress Regime ◽

Lost Circulation ◽

Fracture Closure ◽

Allowable Range

Abstract In the studied oil field in Offshore Abu Dhabi, the intermediate hole section has suffered from borehole instability and lost circulation in the higher inclination holes. Borehole instability occurs in the Nahr Umr formation. Lost circulation occurs in the Salabikh formation. This study aims to develop geomechanical model and to analyze mud weight (MW) for successful drilling through the two problematic formations in the studied oil field. In the Salabikh formation, spatial distribution of lost circulation pressure in hundreds of wells in the whole field was analyzed. The fracture closure pressure was also evaluated based on the extended leak-off test and fracture interpretation by image logging. In the Nahr Umr formation, Micro-Frac tests in a 6" hole were implemented to evaluate the minimum in-situ stress. This was the first direct measurement of the in-situ stress in the shale. The magnitude of SHMAX was back-analyzed based on the hole geometry using interpretation of six-arm caliper and analytical solution in the two key locations. This study clarified that severe lost circulation in the crest area was likely to occur due to reactivation of the pre-existing fractures in the Salabikh formation. The lost circulation pressure was found to be approximately 1.4 SG. The study also revealed that the in-situ stress regime in the Nahr Umr formation varied from the crest to flank areas. The crest and flank areas are reverse and nearly normal faulting stress regimes, respectively. Its transition area is strike-slip faulting stress regime. The regional difference in in-situ stress regime depends on the extent of mechanical anisotropy of the shale and the magnitude of tectonic strains. By integrating the results, with respect to the borehole stability analysis in the Nahr Umr formation, instead of a conventional lower hemisphere representation of the required MW based on failure width at borehole wall, the study analyzed the geometry of the failure area around the borehole wall under the allowable range of MW constrained by the lost circulation pressure in the Salabikh formation. As a result, the borehole failure cannot be avoided in any hole inclination in the Nahr Umr formation under the allowable range of MW to prevent severe lost circulation in the Salabikh formation. Therefore, appropriate practice to transport cavings is one of the key elements for safe drilling in higher hole inclination across the intermediate hole section in the studied oil field.

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