Field Measurement and Analysis of Circulating System Pressure Drops With Low-Toxicity Oil-Based Drilling Fluids

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.C. Minton ◽  
P.A. Bern
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurement ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Low Toxicity

Effects of discarded drill muds on microbial populations

1987 ◽  
Vol 316 (1181) ◽  
pp. 567-585 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Seabed Sediment ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Low Toxicity

Drilling operations from platforms in the North Sea result in the production of large quantities of drill cuttings. These are a variable mixture of rock chippings, clays and original drilling fluids. Drilling mud is cleaned on the platform to remove rock chips before re-use of the mud. The rejected fraction from the clean-up plant (the cuttings) contains some of the base drilling fluid, and this can lead to an organically rich input to the sea-bed. Cuttings are discarded immediately underneath the platform jacket and thus build-up over the natural seabed sediment. In many cases this cuttings pile may cover considerable areas of seabed, leading to seabed biological effects and potential corrosion problems. Different types of cuttings have different environmental impacts, this being partly dependent upon their hydrocarbon component. Diesel-oil based cuttings contain significant amounts of toxic aromatic hydrocarbons, whereas low-toxicity, kerosenebased cuttings contain less. Both types of cuttings support an active microbiological flora, initiated by hydrocarbon oxidation. This paper presents a study of microbiological degradation of hydrocarbons in cuttings piles around two North Sea platforms. Results indicate that there is a close correlation between microbiological activity and hydrocarbon breakdown in the surface of cuttings piles and that both of these parameters reach their maximum values closer to the platform when low-toxicity muds are in use.

Two-Phase Convective Cooling for Ultrahigh Power Dissipation in Microprocessors

2015 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Kottke ◽  
Thomas M. Yun ◽  
Craig E. Green ◽  
Yogendra K. Joshi ◽  
Andrei G. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
High Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Contraction And Expansion

We present results of modeling for the design of microgaps for the removal of high heat fluxes via a strategy of high mass flux, high quality, and two-phase forced convection. Modeling includes (1) thermodynamic analysis to obtain performance trends across a wide range of candidate coolants, (2) evaluation of worst-case pressure drop due to contraction and expansion in inlet/outlet manifolds, and (3) 1D reduced-order simulations to obtain realistic estimates of different contributions to the pressure drops. The main result is the identification of a general trend of improved heat transfer performance at higher system pressure.

scholarly journals Thixotropic evaluation of bentonitic clay dispersions modified with nonionic surfactants for organic drilling fluids

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (371) ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
I. A. Silva ◽  
I. D. S. Pereira ◽  
F. K. A. Sousa ◽  
R. R. Menezes ◽  
G. A. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Drilling Fluids ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Performance Factors ◽  
Bentonitic Clay ◽  
Colloid Science ◽  
Organophilic Clays ◽  
Thixotropic Behavior ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Overall Performance

Abstract The use of nonionic surfactants to modify the surface of bentonite is still quite restricted, although many advantages of that method can be found in the literature, like superior stability and low toxicity. On the other hand, problems involving the fluidity and viscosity of dispersions used in organic drilling fluids have become more and more challenging to colloid science. Therefore, the present study had the purpose of assessing the thixotropic behavior of dispersions of Brazilian bentonite organophilizated with nonionic surfactants for use in organic drilling fluids. Bentonite samples were organophilizated by a combination of two nonionic surfactants, being the process evaluated by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis, in which the amount of nonionic surfactants incorporated was quantified. Fluid evaluation followed current standards. The flow curves of the organophilic clays revealed pseudoplastic behavior and the presence of hysteresis, which suggested thixotropy, with a relation between the thixotropy and the apparent viscosity of the final dispersions. Most of the process parameters evaluated showed significant effects on the value of d001 and the overall performance. Factors like clay type and organophilization method also directly affect the thixotropic behavior of dispersions. One of the samples can be considered promising for use in organic drilling fluids.

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