Methodology for Determination of Critical Water Saturation According to Pore-Throat-Size Analysis Using Capillary Pressure Made in Core Samples

Author(s):  
Atahualpa Jose Villarroel
1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
D. Lasserre & C.F. Choo

Water saturation measurements were made on core in two Cossack field appraisal wells to investigate the discrepancy between the water saturation calculated from logs and that observed from the capillary pressure data in the Cossack-1 discovery well. The core measurements resulted in a more accurate water saturation parameter which was then used to estimate the volume of hydrocarbons in place. The core measurements also provided valuable information about the wettability of the reservoir rocks. The results of this exercise also highlighted the uncertainty attached to the water saturation determination from logs in what was an apparently simple case of a thick, clean sandstone reservoir.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
Gyula Varga ◽  
Dániel Bánki ◽  
Tamás Fancsik

In order to develop, maintain and deplete reservoirs economically around the globe, various measurements are needed with a high demand on natural core samples. The next stage in the life of every reservoir is a secondary or tertiary method to enhance productivity. However, to tailor the available methods and technologies to the reservoir, several screening processes, feasibility studies and pilot experiments are needed. As an aid to these, like a sensitivity analysis, continuous measurements are set up to study fluid flow, chemical reactions, additional recovery and much more, but for all of these, core samples are needed. The lack and high value of natural core samples yield that the demand cannot be satisfied from this source alone. The aim of the study was to create an artificially consolidated stone core sample, a model material, which can be suitable for being the subject of these experiments, with additional benefits in mass production and reservoir parameter-based quality control. In this article the authors wish to present partial results of a big study, this time with comparing the porosity, permeability, connate water and capillary pressure parameters of the core samples used with different after-cure techniques. The process of compaction was the same, but the overburden pressures and the effect of CO2 rich curing were examined. For this, part of the samples was prone to high CO2 environment for different timespans during the after treatment of the samples. The petrophysical parameters were then measured on all of the groups, including a control group and the CO2 affected cores. The focus was on porosity, permeability, connate water saturation/wettability and capillary pressure measurements and the common features and differences in the yielded pore space’s structure are summarized in this article.


Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan

For many years the concept of quantitative diffraction contrast experiments might have consisted of the determination of dislocation Burgers vectors using a g.b = 0 criterion from several different 2-beam images. Since the advent of the personal computer revolution, the available computing power for performing image-processing and image-simulation calculations is enormous and ubiquitous. Several programs now exist to perform simulations of diffraction contrast images using various approximations. The most common approximations are the use of only 2-beams or a single systematic row to calculate the image contrast, or calculating the image using a column approximation. The increasing amount of literature showing comparisons of experimental and simulated images shows that it is possible to obtain very close agreement between the two images; although the choice of parameters used, and the assumptions made, in performing the calculation must be properly dealt with. The simulation of the images of defects in materials has, in many cases, therefore become a tractable problem.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-478
Author(s):  
Ahmad Gashamoglu ◽  

The Article briefly discusses the need for generation of the Science of Ahangyol, and this science’s scientific basis, object and subject, category system, scientific research methods and application options. Ahangyol is a universal science and may be useful in any sphere. It may assist in problem solving in peacemaking process and in many areas such as ecology, economics, politics, culture, management and etc. This science stipulates that any activity and any decision made in the life may only and solely be successful when they comply with harmony principles more, which are the principles of existence and activity of the world. A right strategic approach of the Eastern Philosophy and the Middle Age Islamic Philosophy and scientific thought has an important potential. This strategic approach creates opportunities to also consider irrational factors in addition to rational ones comprehensively in scientific researches. The modern scientific thought contributes to implementation of these opportunities. Ahangyol is a science of determination of ways to achieve harmony in any sphere and of creation of special methods to make progress in these ways through assistance of the modern science. Methods of the System Theory, Mathematics, IT, Astronomy, Physics, Biology, Sociology, Statistics and etc. are more extensively applied. Information is given on some of these methods. Moreover, the Science of Ahangyol, which is a new philosophical worldview and a new paradigm contributes to clarification of metaphysic views considerably and discovery of the scientific potential of religious books.


Author(s):  
K.V. Kovalenko ◽  
◽  
M.S. Khokhlova ◽  
A.N. Petrov ◽  
N.I. Samokhvalov ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Julio Manuel de Luis-Ruiz ◽  
Benito Ramiro Salas-Menocal ◽  
Gema Fernández-Maroto ◽  
Rubén Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
Raúl Pereda-García

The quality of human life is linked to the exploitation of mining resources. The Exploitability Index (EI) assesses the actual possibilities to enable a mine according to several factors. The environment is one of the most constraining ones, but its analysis is made in a shallow way. This research is focused on its determination, according to a new preliminary methodology that sets the main components of the environmental impact related to the development of an exploitation of industrial minerals and its weighting according to the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). It is applied to the case of the ophitic outcrops in Cantabria (Spain). Twelve components are proposed and weighted with the AHP and an algorithm that allows for assigning a normalized value for the environmental factor to each deposit. Geographic Information Systems (GISs) are applied, allowing us to map a large number of components of the environmental factors. This provides a much more accurate estimation of the environmental factor, with respect to reality, and improves the traditional methodology in a substantial way. It can be established as a methodology for mining spaces planning, but it is suitable for other contexts, and it raises developing the environmental analysis before selecting the outcrop to be exploited.


Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Pedro J. Sánchez-Soto ◽  
Eduardo Garzón ◽  
Luis Pérez-Villarejo ◽  
George N. Angelopoulos ◽  
Dolores Eliche-Quesada

In this work, an examination of mining wastes of an albite deposit in south Spain was carried out using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis, thermo-dilatometry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, followed by the determination of the main ceramic properties. The albite content in two selected samples was high (65–40 wt. %), accompanied by quartz (25–40 wt. %) and other minor minerals identified by XRD, mainly kaolinite, in agreement with the high content of silica and alumina determined by XRF. The content of Na2O was in the range 5.44–3.09 wt. %, being associated with albite. The iron content was very low (<0.75 wt. %). The kaolinite content in the waste was estimated from ~8 to 32 wt. %. The particle size analysis indicated values of 11–31 wt. % of particles <63 µm. The ceramic properties of fired samples (1000–1350 °C) showed progressive shrinkage by the thermal effect, with water absorption and open porosity almost at zero at 1200–1250 °C. At 1200 °C, the bulk density reached a maximum value of 2.38 g/cm3. An abrupt change in the phase evolution by XRD was found from 1150 to 1200 °C, with the disappearance of albite by melting in accordance with the predictions of the phase diagram SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O and the system albite-quartz. These fired materials contained as main crystalline phases quartz and mullite. Quartz was present in the raw samples and mullite was formed by decomposition of kaolinite. The observation of mullite forming needle-shape crystals was revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The formation of fully densified and vitrified mullite materials by firing treatments was demonstrated.


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