Experimental Investigation of Microbial Plugging Potential for a Sea Water Injection Pressure Maintenance Project

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heshmati ◽  
Hassan Tirandaz ◽  
Hassan Golghanddashti ◽  
Abbas Shahrabadi ◽  
Saeed Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure

Nanotechnology Helps Decrease Pressure, Increase Injection in Offshore China Oil Field

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
Chris Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Water Flooding ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Reservoir Properties ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Offshore Technology

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30407, “Case Study of Nanopolysilicon Materials’ Depressurization and Injection-Increasing Technology in Offshore Bohai Bay Oil Field KL21-1,” by Qing Feng, Nan Xiao Li, and Jun Zi Huang, China Oilfield Services, et al., prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference Asia, originally scheduled to be held in Kuala Lumpur, 2–6 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. Nanotechnology offers creative approaches to solve problems of oil and gas production that also provide potential for pressure-decreasing application in oil fields. However, at the time of writing, successful pressure-decreasing nanotechnology has rarely been reported. The complete paper reports nanopolysilicon as a new depressurization and injection-increasing agent. The stability of nanopolysilicon was studied in the presence of various ions, including sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg2+). The study found that the addition of nanomaterials can improve porosity and permeability of porous media. Introduction More than 600 water-injection wells exist in Bohai Bay, China. Offshore Field KL21-1, developed by water-flooding, is confronted with the following challenges: - Rapid increase and reduction of water-injection pressure - Weak water-injection capacity of reservoir - Decline of oil production - Poor reservoir properties - Serious hydration and expansion effects of clay minerals To overcome injection difficulties in offshore fields, conventional acidizing measures usually are taken. But, after multiple cycles of acidification, the amount of soluble substances in the rock gradually decreases and injection performance is shortened. Through injection-performance experiments, it can be determined that the biological nanopolysilicon colloid has positive effects on pressure reduction and injection increase. Fluid-seepage-resistance decreases, the injection rate increases by 40%, and injection pressure decreases by 10%. Features of Biological Nanopolysilicon Systems The biological nanopolysilicon-injection system was composed of a bioemulsifier (CDL32), a biological dispersant (DS2), and a nanopolysilicon hydrophobic system (NP12). The bacterial strain of CDL32 was used to obtain the culture colloid of biological emulsifier at 37°C for 5 days. DS2 was made from biological emulsifier CDL32 and some industrial raw materials described in Table 1 of the complete paper. Nanopolysilicon hydrophobic system NP12 was composed of silicon dioxide particles. The hydrophobic nanopolysilicons selected in this project featured particle sizes of less than 100 nm. In the original samples, a floc of nanopolysilicon was fluffy and uniform. But, when wet, nanopolysilicon will self-aggregate and its particle size increases greatly. At the same time, nanopolysilicon features significant agglomeration in water. Because of its high interface energy, nanopolysilicon is easily agglomerated, as shown in Fig. 1.

The Research and Evaluation of Finely Layered Water Injection Standard in Low-Permeability Reservoirs - A Case from Block A in one Low-Permeability Reservoir

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2310-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Xian Wang ◽  
Wan Jing Luo ◽  
Jie Ding
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Reservoir Permeability ◽  
Engineering Parameters ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Low Permeability Reservoirs

Due to the common problems of waterflood in low-permeability reservoirs, the reasearch of finely layered water injection is carried out. This paper established the finely layered water injection standard in low-permeability reservoirs and analysed the sensitivity of engineering parameters as well as evaluated the effect of the finely layered water injection standard in Block A with the semi-quantitative to quantitative method. The results show that: according to the finely layered water injection standard, it can be divided into three types: layered water injection between the layers, layered water injection in inner layer, layered water injection between fracture segment and no-fracture segment. Under the guidance of the standard, it sloved the problem of uneven absorption profile in Block A in some degree and could improve the oil recovery by 3.5%. The sensitivity analysis shows that good performance of finely layered water injection in Block A requires the reservoir permeability ratio should be less than 10, the perforation thickness should not exceed 10 m, the amount of layered injection layers should be less than 3, the surface injection pressure should be below 14 MPa and the injection rate shuold be controlled at about 35 m3/d.

Some Experiments on Sea-urchin Eggs with Desoxynucleic Acids from Sea-urchin Sperms

Development ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-262
Author(s):  
Sven Hörstadius
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sea Urchin ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
Sea Urchin Eggs ◽  
King's College ◽  
Fertilization Membrane

Dr. I. Joan Lorch, of King's College, London, and I have made some experiments on sea-urchin eggs with desoxynucleic acids (DNA) prepared from sperms of several sea-urchin species by Professor Erwin Chargaff, of Columbia University, New York. Unfertilized eggs did not react when put into a solution of DNA in sea-water. Injection of a small amount of DNA dissolved in Callan's solution had the following consequences. If the DNA did not mix with the cytoplasm but remained as a distinct droplet, the egg could be fertilized. The droplet moved slowly towards the surface and ran out of the egg. This sometimes only occurred after several cleavages. Such eggs developed normally. If, on the other hand, the DNA mixed with the cytoplasm the egg became activated. A fertilization membrane was raised. The surface layer in dark field changed in colour from yellow to white as is the case upon fertilization.

scholarly journals The Enhancement of Lump Coal Percentage by High-Pressure Pulsed Hydraulic Fracturing for Sustainable Development of Coal Mines

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yan ◽  
Jixiong Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
Junli Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Pulse Amplitude ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Hard Coal ◽  
Fracture Width ◽  
Mining Face ◽  
Lump Coal

The enhancement of lump coal percentage (LCP) is of great significance for most aging mines to achieve the production reduction and quality improvement. In order to enhance the LCP of hard coal seam in fully mechanized mining face and prolong the service life of aging mines, this paper puts forward the technological path of LCP enhancement using high-pressure pulsed hydraulic fracturing (HPPHF) based on the detailed analysis of the main factors controlling LCP. By analyzing the correlation between coal fracturing and LCP, the enhancement mechanism of LCP through HPPHF was concluded. Using the extended finite element method, a fluid–solid coupling numerical model of high-pressure pulsed water injection into coal seam was established, and effects of the fracturing method, pulse amplitude, pulse frequency, and water injection pressure on fracturing performance were assessed. Simulation results demonstrate that HPPHF can effectively reduce the required maximum pressure in fracturing, thus providing a higher percentage of coal lumps with lower energy consumption through the repeated pulsed loading of coal masses. Variations in pulsed pressure amplitude and frequency, as well as water injection pressure were positively correlated with fracturing performance. By their effect on the fracturing performance, we found that water injection pressure had the greatest influence, and the pulse amplitude and frequency had similar effects. At the same time, “high amplitude-high frequency” and “high amplitude-low frequency” had characteristics of short initiation time, large initiation pressure, but small fracture width, while “low amplitude-high frequency” and “low amplitude-low frequency” had characteristics of slow initiation speed, low initiation pressure, but large fracture width. Through the field test results in the fully mechanized mining face of Shichangwan Coal Mine, it was found that LCP with a diameter range of 13–100 mm was significantly enhanced by HPPHF. The present study is considered quite instrumental in providing a theoretical foundation for enhancing the LCP of hard coal seams and the sustainable development of coal mine enterprises.

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