Operation of the Central Basin CO2 Pipeline System

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E. McCollough ◽  
R.L. Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Pipeline System ◽  
Central Basin

Additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil pipeline transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
Marat R. Lukmanov ◽  
◽  
Sergey L. Semin ◽  
Pavel V. Fedorov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Energy Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Pumping Equipment ◽  
Preparatory Work

The challenges of increasing the energy efficiency of the economy as a whole and of certain production sectors in particular are a priority both in our country and abroad. As part of the energy policy of the Russian Federation to reduce the specific energy intensity of enterprises in the oil transportation system, Transneft PJSC developed and implements the energy saving and energy efficiency improvement Program. The application of energy-saving technologies allowed the company to significantly reduce operating costs and emissions of harmful substances. At the same time, further reduction of energy costs is complicated for objective reasons. The objective of this article is to present additional methods to improve the energy efficiency of oil transportation by the example of the organizational structure of Transneft. Possibilities to reduce energy costs in the organization of the operating services, planning and execution of work to eliminate defects and preparatory work for the scheduled shutdown of the pipeline, the use of pumping equipment, including pumps with variable speed drive, the use of various pipelines layouts, changing the volume of oil entering the pipeline system and increase its viscosity.

Compressor Issues for Hydrogen Production and Transmission Through a Long Distance Pipeline Network

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Starr ◽  
Calin-Cristian Cormos ◽  
Evangelos Tzimas ◽  
Stathis Peteves
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Plant Exit

A hydrogen energy system will require the production of hydrogen from coal-based gasification plants and its transmission through long distance pipelines at 70 � 100 bar. To overcome some problems of current gasifiers, which are limited in pressure capability, two options are explored, in-plant compression of the syngas and compression of the hydrogen at the plant exit. It is shown that whereas in-plant compression using centrifugal machines is practical, this is not a solution when compressing hydrogen at the plant exit. This is because of the low molecular weight of the hydrogen. It is also shown that if centrifugal compressors are to be used in a pipeline system, pressure drops will need to be restricted as even an advanced two-stage centrifugal compressor will be limited to a pressure ratio of 1.2. High strength steels are suitable for the in-plant compressor, but aluminium alloy will be required for a hydrogen pipeline compressor.

scholarly journals Hydraulic Transients in Viscoelastic Pipeline System with Sudden Cross-Section Changes

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4071
Author(s):  
Michał Kubrak ◽  
Agnieszka Malesińska ◽  
Apoloniusz Kodura ◽  
Kamil Urbanowicz ◽  
Michał Stosiak
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Water Hammer ◽  
Fluid Distribution ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Hydraulic Transients ◽  
Single Pipe

It is well known that the water hammer phenomenon can lead to pipeline system failures. For this reason, there is an increased need for simulation of hydraulic transients. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipes are commonly used in various pressurised pipeline systems. Most studies have only focused on water hammer events in a single pipe. However, typical fluid distribution networks are composed of serially connected pipes with various inner diameters. The present paper aims to investigate the influence of sudden cross-section changes in an HDPE pipeline system on pressure oscillations during the water hammer phenomenon. Numerical and experimental studies have been conducted. In order to include the viscoelastic behaviour of the HDPE pipe wall, the generalised Kelvin–Voigt model was introduced into the continuity equation. Transient equations were numerically solved using the explicit MacCormack method. A numerical model that involves assigning two values of flow velocity to the connection node was used. The aim of the conducted experiments was to record pressure changes downstream of the pipeline system during valve-induced water hammer. In order to validate the numerical model, the simulation results were compared with experimental data. A satisfactory compliance between the results of the numerical calculations and laboratory data was obtained.

scholarly journals Environmental and Oceanographic Conditions at the Continental Margin of the Central Basin, Northwestern Ross Sea (Antarctica) Since the Last Glacial Maximum

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Fiorenza Torricella ◽  
Romana Melis ◽  
Elisa Malinverno ◽  
Giorgio Fontolan ◽  
Mauro Bussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continental Margin ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Central Basin ◽  
Ice Shelf ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Ross Ice Shelf ◽  
Sedimentary Sequences ◽  
Ash Layer ◽  
The Last Glacial

The continental margin is a key area for studying the sedimentary processes related to the advance and retreat of the Ross Ice Shelf (Antarctica); nevertheless, much remains to be investigated. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge of the last glacial/deglacial dynamics in the Central Basin slope–basin system using a multidisciplinary approach, including integrated sedimentological, micropaleontological and tephrochronological information. The analyses carried out on three box cores highlighted sedimentary sequences characterised by tree stratigraphic units. Collected sediments represent a time interval from 24 ka Before Present (BP) to the present time. Grain size clustering and data on the sortable silt component, together with diatom, silicoflagellate and foraminifera assemblages indicate the influence of the ice shelf calving zone (Unit 1, 24–17 ka BP), progressive receding due to Circumpolar Deep Water inflow (Unit 2, 17–10.2 ka BP) and (Unit 3, 10.2 ka BP–present) the establishment of seasonal sea ice with a strengthening of bottom currents. The dominant and persistent process is a sedimentation controlled by contour currents, which tend to modulate intensity in time and space. A primary volcanic ash layer dated back at around 22 ka BP is correlated with the explosive activity of Mount Rittmann.

Study on Constitutive Modeling for Large Deformation Behavior of Polyethylene Considering Strain Rate Effect

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Zhong ◽  
Jianfeng Shi ◽  
Jinyang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Large Deformation ◽  
Constitutive Modeling ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
True Strain ◽  
True Stress ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Time Deformation

Polyethylene (PE) pipes have been applied in transportation of key energy medium such as natural gas in the past decades. The mechanical property of PE is of great importance for better design and safer application of PE pipeline system. The large deformation behavior is a key character of PE, not only for its significant strain rate sensitivity, but also for localized necking process after yielding. In this paper, a new constitutive modeling method was proposed to charaterize the rate-denpendent large deformation behavior of PE, in which the true stress is regarded as a function of true stain and true strain rate alone. Uniaxial tensile tests of PE were conducted under various cross-head speeds, and a digital camera was used to record the real-time deformation of specimens. By separating the composite effect into respective effect of local true strain and strain rate on the local true stress in the necking region, a phenomenological model for describing the rate-dependent deformation behavior under uniaxial tension was ealstablished. Model results were validated and found in good agreement with experimental data.

Pipeline Instrumentation: The British Gas National Transmission System

1987 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
P Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
History Of Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
Instrument Engineer ◽  
Transmission And Distribution

The transmission and distribution system operated by British Gas plc is the largest integrated pipeline system in Europe. The whole system comprises a national transmission system which carries gas from five terminals to the twelve gas regions. Each region in turn carries the gas through a regional transmission system into a distribution grid and thence onto its customers. The national, regional and distribution system all present the instrument engineer with different technical challenges because of the way in which they have been built and are operated, however, it is simplest to characterise them by their process conditions. The operating pressure is highest in the national transmission system being up to 75 bar, in the regional transmission system the pressure is usually less than 37 bar, and in the distribution grid it is less than 7 bar. In general, the pipe diameters decrease from the national system downwards, and the measured flowrates are lowest in the distribution grids. This paper is concerned only with instrumentation on the national transmission system. The discussion will cover current technology which is typical of that being installed at present, and concentrates on the more commonly found instrumentation. The paper begins with a brief history of development of the national transmission system and a description of how it is operated. This is followed by a discussion on the application of computers to the control of unmanned installations. A section concerning the measurement of pressure and its application to the control of the system comes next. The main part of the paper contains an analysis of high accuracy flowmetering and the paper concludes with some comments on developments in instrumentation and their application to changing operation of the national transmission system.

Gas pipeline leakage detection in the presence of parameter uncertainty using robust extended Kalman filter

2021 ◽  
pp. 014233122198911
Author(s):  
Mohadese Jahanian ◽  
Amin Ramezani ◽  
Ali Moarefianpour ◽  
Mahdi Aliari Shouredeli
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Extended Kalman Filter ◽  
Parameter Uncertainty ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Pipeline System ◽  
Parameter Uncertainties ◽  
Simulation Results

One of the most significant systems that can be expressed by partial differential equations (PDEs) is the transmission pipeline system. To avoid the accidents that originated from oil and gas pipeline leakage, the exact location and quantity of leakage are required to be recognized. The designed goal is a leakage diagnosis based on the system model and the use of real data provided by transmission line systems. Nonlinear equations of the system have been extracted employing continuity and momentum equations. In this paper, the extended Kalman filter (EKF) is used to detect and locate the leakage and to attenuate the negative effects of measurement and process noises. Besides, a robust extended Kalman filter (REKF) is applied to compensate for the effect of parameter uncertainty. The quantity and the location of the occurred leakage are estimated along the pipeline. Simulation results show that REKF has better estimations of the leak and its location as compared with that of EKF. This filter is robust against process noise, measurement noise, parameter uncertainties, and guarantees a higher limit for the covariance of state estimation error as well. It is remarkable that simulation results are evaluated by OLGA software.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document