The Challenges Facing Independent Companies Willing To Extract Crude Oil on the Periphery of the Nariva Swamp, an Environmentally Sensitive Area In Trinidad

ABSTRACT On April 11, 1991, the Cypriot tanker Haven, while at anchor off Genoa with some 144,00 tons of Iranian heavy crude oil on board, sustained a series of explosions and caught fire. Due to timely and effective intervention, it was possible to avoid the worst consequences of the accident. In fact, while the huge fire was allowed to consume a large quantity of oil, thus reducing the spill into the sea, the wreck was towed into shallower waters, where it eventually sank, permitting easier oil confinement and recovery operations. However, a very sensitive area of the Ligurian Sea has suffered important environmental damage, the assessment of which is still in progress. The procedure for environmental damage assessment and compensation is still a matter of discussions and is affected by several uncertainties. This presentation is intended to outline the methodology that has been applied in the case of the Haven accident, as a basis for further discussions at the international level.

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The north peak: an environmentally sensitive area in the UK

The Environmentalist ◽

10.1007/bf02239652 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 263-268

Author(s):

Paul Perkins

Keyword(s):

Sensitive Area ◽

The North ◽

Environmentally Sensitive ◽

The Uk

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Lessons Learned Through Bidding, Award and the First Year of Construction of a 54-inch Sewer in Environmentally Sensitive Area

Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ◽

10.2175/193864712811710281 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 (9) ◽

pp. 6250-6261

Author(s):

Steven Agor

Keyword(s):

Lessons Learned ◽

First Year ◽

Sensitive Area ◽

Environmentally Sensitive

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YARDIE EAST—1: A DIRECTIONALLY DRILLED WILDCAT

The APPEA Journal ◽

10.1071/aj82010 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

G. F. Tomlin ◽

H. W. White ◽

R. Dumbrell

Keyword(s):

Critical Analysis ◽

Modern Technology ◽

Sensitive Area ◽

Offshore Structure ◽

Oil Drilling ◽

Drilling Rig ◽

Drill Stem ◽

Open Hole ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

Environmentally Sensitive

Under the terms of a farmout agreement a well to 4200 metres true vertical depth was required to test an offshore structure in the Indian Ocean 3.4 kilometres from the Cape Range landfall. Western Australia.Due to the structure being located in an offshore environmentally sensitive area and the proximity of the structure to the Ningaloo Reef, the decision was taken by the consortium to drill a directionally controlled wildcat well, Yardie East-1, from the nearest landfall point, in a designated National Park.With the co-operation of the regulatory authorities a drilling plan was approved which entailed a critical analysis and modifications to the drilling rig, Rig No. 15 contracted from Oil Drilling and Exploration Limited, to satisfy the loads associated with a directionally drilled well to a worst condition programmed measured depth of 5650 m.Utilising modern technology the wildcat well was drilled to the target at the top of the structure at 5110 m at a penetration angle of 50° and an azimuth of 308° in 142 days from spud.Earning conditions were satisfied with an eventual total drilled depth of 5593 m. Logging and an open hole drill stem test were conducted prior to abandoning the well 186 days after spud.It is believed that Yardie East-1 is the longest well, in terms of measured depth, drilled onshore or offshore Australia.

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