Dynamic Underbalance for selective perforation cleaning from hard scale deposits. Successful and fully controlled Cases Histories.

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Vegliante ◽  
Adil Mahallab Al Busaidy
Keyword(s):  
Hard Scale ◽  
Scale Deposits

P PENANGGULANGAN SCALE CaCO_3 PADA SUMUR PF1 LAPANGAN 26 DI PT PERTAMINA EP ASSET 2 FIELD LIMAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Roni Alida ◽  
Prima Fandra
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Index ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Hard Scale ◽  
Inside Diameter

Scale merupakan suatu endapan yang mengkristal dari air formasi di suatu bidang khusunya flowline yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti suhu, pH, tekanan, dan kandung ion senyawa kimia yang ada di air formasi tersebut. Jenis- jenis scale ialah hard scale, soft scale dan misc. Scale dapat  mengganggu laju alir dari suatu sumur dikarenakan scale dapat membuat pengecilan inside diameter (ID) dari pipa produksi. Pada sumur PF1 Lapangan 26 yang ada di PT Pertamina EP Asset 2 Field Limau, scale terbentuk di-flowline, karena adanya peningkatan tekanan pada flowline. Pada sumur ini scale yang terbentuk berjenis CaC. Hal ini  dibuktikan dengan kandungan ion senyawa kimia yang ada di air formasinya dan telah dilakukannya perhitungan mengunakan metode Stiff Davis dengan SI 1.17. Scale ini hanya akan larut pada asam, sesuai dengan karakteristik scale tersebut. Pada situasi ini asam  yang digunakan untuk proses penanggulangan berjenis asam HCl. Setelah proses penanggulangan scale CaC dilakukan, hasil evaluasi terlihat pada Productivity index (PI) dan Trend produksi di Sumur PF1 Lapangan 26 terjadi peningkatan. Sehingga proses penanggulangan scale CaC tersebut dikatakan berhasil.

scholarly journals Soft and Hard Scale QCD Dynamics in Mesons

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nguyen ◽  
N. A. Souchlas ◽  
P. C. Tandy ◽  
Alejandro Ayala ◽  
Guillermo Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hard Scale

Removal/Dissolution of Mineral Scale Deposits

2015 ◽  
pp. 701-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Chauhan ◽  
Poonam Sharma ◽  
Ghanshyam S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Scale ◽  
Scale Deposits

scholarly journals HARD DIFFRACTION — 20 YEARS LATER

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1805-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUNNAR INGELMAN
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Higgs Production ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Hard Scale ◽  
Parton Level ◽  
Interesting Possibility ◽  
Active Research

The idea of diffractive processes with a hard scale involved, to resolve the underlying parton dynamics, was published 1985 and experimentally verified 1988. Today hard diffraction is an active research field with high-quality data and new theoretical models. The trend from Regge-based pomeron models to QCD-based parton level models has given insights on QCD dynamics involving perturbative gluon exchange mechanisms, including the predicted BFKL-dynamics, as well as novel ideas on non-perturbative colour fields and their interactions. Extrapolations to the LHC include the interesting possibility of diffractive Higgs production.

An Investigation of the Collapse and Surface Rewet in Film Boiling in Forced Vertical Flow

1975 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. C. Iloeje ◽  
D. N. Plummer ◽  
W. M. Rohsenow ◽  
P. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Boiling Temperature ◽  
Film Boiling ◽  
Test Surface ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Mass Fluxes ◽  
Loss Of Coolant ◽  
Scale Deposit ◽  
Transient Boiling ◽  
Scale Deposits

A transient boiling experiment has been run in such a way that one can acquire data in forced convection film, transition, and nucleate boiling regions for a specified pressure, quality, and mass flux. Transient boiling experiments were conducted at the Nuclear Energy Division of the General Electric Company for water in a 0.492 in. ID inconel X-750 tube at mass fluxes of 50,000, 100,000, and 250,000 lbm/hr-ft2, quality range of 30–100 percent and a pressure of 1000 psia. The reduced boiling curves for these data indicated temperature differences at burnout on the order of 100–200° F and temperature differences at the minimum ranging from 700 to 1100° F. These results (higher than in other experiments) are felt to be caused by scale deposit, axial conduction, and roughnesses on the test surface. Physical evidence indicates that the test surface became coated with an appreciable scale deposit when subjected to the initial temperatures in excess of 1500 °F in a steam atmosphere. It has been found (reference [1]) that BWR fuel will normally have scale deposit on the heat transfer surface and thus the qualitative effects of scale deposits in this report are expected to apply in BWR Loss-of-Coolant accident evaluation. An empirical correlation was developed for the data for minimum film boiling temperature differences. The correlation was based on Berenson’s minimum pool film boiling temperature difference correlation in order to provide a technique for extrapolating to different pressures.

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