The Volumetric Behavior of Natural Gases Containing Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Dioxide

1960 ◽  
Vol 219 (01) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Robinson ◽  
C.A. Macrygeorgos ◽  
G.W. Govier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Natural Gases ◽  
Volumetric Behavior

Water Content of Sour Hydrocarbon Systems

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (04) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lukacs ◽  
D.B. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Pure Hydrogen ◽  
Natural Gases

Abstract A knowledge of the equilibrium water content of hydrocarbon systems under pressure is important to the national gas industry. The information available on the solubility of water in hydrocarbon, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide systems is reviewed in this paper and the influence of the more important variables such as temperature, pressure and molecular structure on solubility in liquids and gases is discussed. A suitable chromatographic technique bas been developed for determining low concentrations of water. Tailing of the water peaks bas been eliminated by adding water to the carrier gas stream The method is applicable for both gas or liquid samples and is effective in the presence of hydrogen sulfide. The experimental study of water solubility in methane-hydrogen sulfide systems at a temperature of 16F has shown that the presence o/ hydrogen sulfide causes only a modest increase in water content at pressures up to 1,400 psia. Theoretical considerations and data on pure hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide suggest that the effect of both these compounds will be greater at higher pressures and in the liquid phase. Introduction Before transporting or processing natural gases and gas condensates, it is usually necessary to dry them using suitable dehydration equipment. The design and operation of this equipment requires a knowledge of the amount of water present in the fluid at the reservoir and operating conditions. This is influenced by temperature, pressure and composition, particularly when certain nonhydrocarbon components are present. Field experience indicates that hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, for example, alter the usual water solubility relationships appreciably. However, an extensive search of the literature does not reveal any quantitative data on such systems. For sweet natural gases, generalized empirical correlations such as the one proposed by Katz, et al, can be used to predict water solubility with confidence at most temperatures and pressures of interest. However, existing theoretical relationships do not permit a calculation of the deviation from these curves when polar substances like hydrogen sulfide are present in the system. Thus one must resort to an experimental approach to obtain the necessary information. The fact that laboratory experimental methods frequently involve the use of mercury which reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the presence of water, and that hydrogen sulfide interferes with many chemical reactions specific for water has contributed to the difficulty of studying water solubility in systems containing hydrogen sulfide. In this investigation the water content of a limited member of methane-hydrogen sulfide mixtures was determined using a special technique with gas chromatography. REVIEW OF PUBLISHED DATA Experimentally determined water solubility data have been reported for methane, ethane, propane, n-butane, 1-butene, hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. These studies report the effect of pressure, temperature and molecular structure on water solubility in single component gases and liquids. SPEJ P. 293^

scholarly journals Geochemistry of natural gases from sediments of terrigenous and carbonate formations of the Bukhara-Khiva oil and gas region of Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042085
Author(s):  
N Mukhutdinov ◽  
I Khalismatov ◽  
N Akramova ◽  
R Zakirov ◽  
A Zakirov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Natural Gases ◽  
Marine Carbonate ◽  
Predictive Assessment ◽  
Carbonate Formations ◽  
Hydrocarbon Deposits ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract The results of long-term studies of natural gases in the Bukhara-Khiva oil and gas region of Uzbekistan are summarized. The results of studying the composition of gases in hydrocarbon deposits generated by OM of continental (terrigenous deposits of the Cretaceous and Middle Jurassic) and marine (carbonate Jurassic) facies are presented. Regularities of changes in individual constituents of gases (hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.) with depth are considered; the influence exerted on the composition of gases by various factors and, above all, those of them, which, in the opinion of most researchers, are the main ones. The revealed patterns are used for predictive assessment of the distribution of various constituents of natural gases in the study area.

Ammonia and other microclimatic conditions at an Australian pre-export sheep assembly depot

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Mathew K. Pines ◽  
Tracy Muller ◽  
Clive J. C. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Ammonia Accumulation ◽  
Animal Excreta ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Positive Correlations

Noxious gases produced at hazardous concentrations in animal housing systems may affect the health and wellbeing of both animals and workers. In order to determine if the gaseous emissions from a pre-export assembly depot for sheep constituted a risk, atmospheric ammonia was measured in eight sheep buildings at an Australian assembly depot. Additionally, meteorological variables and distance from excreta were measured to determine their influence on ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide concentrations. Repeat measurements were made at 12 sites in each building on 4 separate days, and four buildings were mapped using longitudinal and latitudinal transects. Concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide were all below the recommended safety thresholds for humans and livestock. There were positive correlations between ammonia and the following variables: ambient temperature and moisture content, and negative correlations with distance from animal excreta. Understanding these relationships will help to understand the reasons for ammonia accumulation in such buildings.

scholarly journals Stan i perspektywy wykorzystania biogazu jako nośnika energii do zastosowań stacjonarnych i środków transportu

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-118
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Biernat ◽  
Izabela Różnicka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
International Programs ◽  
Biogas Upgrading ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen

Both governmental and international programs support the promotion of biofuels and aim to increase the limit of renewable energy used in the fuel energy balance. Biogas is produced during the anaerobic methane fermentationprocess and it is known as a significant source of renewable energy, contributing to agriculture and environmental protection. Three types of biogas can be distinguished: biogas from sewage sludge, biogas collected from land`fils, andagricultural biogas. There are several possibilities of using upgraded biogas. Biogas can be used in cogeneration systems to provide heat and electricity, in transportation as a motor fuel and in the production of biohydrogen. Biogas upgrading process leads to a product which is characterized by the same parameters as compressed natural gas. Direct biogas use in the production of hydrogen is possible because of prior purification from traces like hydrogen sulfide, except carbon dioxide, by which the reaction can proceed in the desired manner.

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