I-Field Capabilities Enable Optimizing Water Injection Strategies in Saudi Arabian Newly Developed Oil Fields

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Said Al-Malki ◽  
Meshal M. Buraikan ◽  
Rami A. Abdulmohsin ◽  
Rabea Ahyed ◽  
Housam Al-Hamzani
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Saudi Arabian ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Injection Strategies

Exploring the potential of water injection (WI) in a high-load diesel engine under different fuel injection strategies

Energy ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 123074
Author(s):  
Zaiwang Chen ◽  
Yikang Cai ◽  
Guangfu Xu ◽  
Huiquan Duan ◽  
Ming Jia
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
High Load ◽  
Injection Strategies

DEVELOPMENT PLANNING FOR THE COSSACK AND WANAEA FIELDS

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
G. B. Salter ◽  
W. P. Kerckhoff
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Oil Reservoirs ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Oil Field Development ◽  
Significant Effort

Development of the Cossack and Wanaea oil fields is in progress with first oil scheduled for late 1995. Wanaea oil reserves are estimated in the order of 32 x 106m3 (200 MMstb) making this the largest oil field development currently underway in Australia.Development planning for these fields posed a unique set of challenges.Key subsurface uncertainties are the requirement for water injection (Wanaea only) and well numbers. Strategies for managing these uncertainties were studied and appropriate flexibility built-in to planned facilities.Alternative facility concepts including steel/concrete platforms and floating options were studied-the concept selected comprises subsea wells tied-back to production/storage/export facilities on an FPSO located over Wanaea.In view of the high proportion of costs associated with the subsea components, significant effort was focussed on flowline optimisation, simplification and cost reduction. These actions have led to potential major economic benefits.Gas utilisation options included reinjection into the oil reservoirs, export for re-injection into North Rankin or export to shore. The latter requires the installation of an LPG plant onshore and was selected as the simplest, safest and the most economically attractive method.

scholarly journals Study of the engine configuration effect on the maximum achievable load in CAI using water injection

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742096085
Author(s):  
J Valero-Marco ◽  
B Lehrheuer ◽  
JJ López ◽  
S Pischinger
Keyword(s):  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Operating Strategies ◽  
Injection Strategies

The approach of this research is to enlarge the knowledge about the methodologies to increase the maximum achievable load degree in the context of gasoline CAI engines. This work is the continuation of a previous work related to the study of the water injection effect on combustion, where this strategy was approached. The operating strategies to introduce the water and the interconnected settings were deeply analyzed in order to optimize combustion and to evaluate its potential to increase the maximum load degree when operating in CAI. During these initial tests, the engine was configured to enhance the mixture autoignition. The compression ratio was high compared to a standard gasoline engine, and suitable fuel injection strategies were selected based on previous studies from the authors to maximize the reactivity of the mixture, and get a stable CAI operation. Once water injection proved to provide encouraging results, the next step dealt in this work, was to go deeper and explore its effects when the engine configuration is more similar to a conventional gasoline engine, trying to get CAI combustion closer to production engines. This means, mainly, lower compression ratios and different fuel injection strategies, which hinders CAI operation. Finally, since all the previous works were performed at constant engine speed, the engine speed was also modified in order to see the applicability of the defined strategies to operate under CAI conditions at other operating conditions. The results obtained show that all these modifications are compatible with CAI operation: the required compression ratio can be reduced, in some cases the injection strategies can be simplified, and the increase of the engine speed leads to better conditions for CAI combustion. Thanks to the analysis of all this data, the different key parameters to manage this combustion mode are identified and shown in the paper.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic modeling of field development using enhanced oil recovery methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 317 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
G.Zh. Moldabayeva ◽  
◽  
A.Kh. Agzamov ◽  
R.T. Suleimenova ◽  
D.K. Elefteriadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Steam Injection ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Field Development ◽  
High Viscosity Oil ◽  
Cyclic Injection

This article discusses a digital geological model, the transfer of borehole data to the geological grid, and the modeling of the technology of alternating steam and water injection. Alternating injection involves the cyclic injection of steam and water into an injection well in high-viscosity oil fields. The essence of this technology is that during the steam injection for 2-4 months, the formation warms up, leading to a decrease in viscosity and an increase in oil mobility. Then comes the period of water injection, during which the production of already warmed oil continues and the formation pressure is maintained. For digital geological modeling, the following data were collected, processed and prepared: a list of wells that open the object of modeling, coordinates of wellheads, well altitudinal data, inclinometry of well trajectories, GМS data on wells, analysis of wells drilled with core sampling, and digitized seismic data (structural surfaces on the roof of stratigraphic horizons, parameter maps, contact surfaces, faults, structural maps on the roof of target horizons with faults, isochron maps, velocity maps).

scholarly journals 2D CFD Simulation of Water Injection Strategies in a Large Marine Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senčić ◽  
Mrzljak ◽  
Blecich ◽  
Bonefačić
Keyword(s):  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Marine Engine ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Injection Strategies

A two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (2D CFD) simulation of a low-speed two-stroke marine engine simulation was performed in order to investigate the performance of 2D meshes that allow the use of more complex chemical schemes and pollutant formation analysis. Various mesh density simulations were compared with a 3D mesh simulation and with the experimentally obtained cylinder pressure. A heavy fuel model and a soot model were implemented in the software. Finally, the influences of three water injection strategies were simulated and evaluated in order to investigate the capability of the model and the influence of water injection on NOx formation, soot formation, and engine performance. We conclude that the direct water injection strategy reduces NOx emissions without adversely affecting the engine performance or soot emissions. The other two strategies—Intake air humidification and direct injection of fuel–water emulsion—reduced NOx emissions but at the cost of higher soot emissions or reduced engine performance.

Rigorous Performance Evaluation of Stochastic Optimization for Water Injection Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader BuKhamseen ◽  
Ali Saffar ◽  
Marko Maucec
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Strategies ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Reservoir Simulation Model ◽  
Injection Strategies

Abstract This paper presents an approach to optimize field water injection strategies using stochastic methods under uncertainty. For many fields, voidage replacement was the dictating factor of setting injection strategies. Determining the optimum injection-production ratio (IPR) requires extensive experience taking into consideration all the operational facility constraints. We present the outcome of a study, in which several optimization techniques were used to find the optimum field IPR values and then elaborate on the techniques? strengths and weaknesses. The synthetic reservoir simulation model, with millions of grid blocks and significant numbers of producers and injectors, was divided into seven IPR regions based on a streamline study. Each region was assigned an IPR value with an associated uncertainty interval. An ensemble of fifty probabilistic scenarios was generated by experimental design, using Latin Hypercube sampling of IPR values within tolerance limits. Scenarios were used as the main sampling domain to evaluate a family of optimization engines: population-based methods of artificial intelligence (AI), such as Genetic algorithms and Evolutionary strategies, Bayesian inference using sequential or Markov chain Monte Carlo, and proxy-based optimization. The optimizers were evaluated based on the recommended IPR values that meet the objective of minimizing the water cut by maximizing oil production and minimizing water production. The speed of convergence of the optimization process was also a subject of evaluation. To ensure unbiased sampling of IPR values and to prevent oversampling of boundary extremes, a uniform triangular distribution was designed. The results of the study show a clear improvement of the objective function, compared to the initial sampled cases. As a direct search method, the Evolutionary strategies with covariance matrix adaptation (ES-CMA) yielded the optimum IPR value per region. While examining the effect of applying these IPR values in the reservoir simulation model, a significant reduction of water production from the initial cases without an impact on the oil production was observed. Compared to ESCMA, other optimization methods have dem

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