Evaluating the Impact of Waterfrac Technologies on Gas Recovery Efficiency: Case Studies Using Elliptical Flow Production Data Analysis

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilhan Ilk ◽  
Jay Alan Rushing ◽  
Richard Burl Sullivan ◽  
Thomas Alwin Blasingame
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Elliptical Flow ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Abiotic resource depletion potentials (ADPs) for elements revisited—updating ultimate reserve estimates and introducing time series for production data

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauran van Oers ◽  
Jeroen B. Guinée ◽  
Reinout Heijungs
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Impact Category ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Cumulative Production ◽  
Abiotic Resource ◽  
Abiotic Resource Depletion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Calculation Procedures

Abstract Purpose In 1995, the original method for assessing the impact category abiotic resource depletion using abiotic depletion potentials (ADPs) was published. The ADP of a resource was defined as the ratio of the annual production and the square of the ultimate (crustal content based) reserve for the resource divided by the same ratio for a reference resource (antimony (Sb)). In 2002, ADPs were updated based on the most recent USGS annual production data. In addition, the impact category was sub-divided into two categories, using two sets of ADPs: the ADP for fossil fuels and the ADP for elements; in this article, we focus on the ADP for elements. Since then, ADP values have not been updated anymore despite the availability of updates of annual production data and also updates of crustal content data that constitute the basis of the ultimate reserves. Moreover, it was known that the coverage of elements by ADPs was incomplete. These three aspects together can affect relative ranking of abiotic resources based on the ADP. Furthermore, dealing with annually changing production data might have to be revisited by proposing new calculation procedures. Finally, category totals to calculate normalized indicator results have to be updated as well, because incomplete coverage of elements can lead to biased results. Methods We used updated reserve estimates and time series of production data from authoritative sources to calculate ADPs for different years. We also explored the use of several variations: moving averages and cumulative production data. We analyzed the patterns in ADP over time and the contribution by different elements in the category total. Furthermore, two case studies are carried out applying two different normalization reference areas (the EU 27 as normalization reference area and the world) for 2010. Results and discussion We present the results of the data updates and improved coverage. On top of this, new calculation procedures are proposed for ADPs, dealing with the annually changing production data. The case studies show that the improvements of data and calculation procedures will change the normalized indicator results of many case studies considerably, making ADP less sensitive for fluctuating production data in the future. Conclusions The update of ultimate reserve and production data and the revision of calculation procedures of ADPs and category totals have resulted in an improved, up-to-date, and more complete set of ADPs and a category total that better reflects the total resource depletion magnitude than before. An ADP based on the cumulative production overall years is most in line with the intent of the original ADP method. We further recommend to only use category totals based on production data for the same year as is used for the other (emission-based) impact categories.

INDONESIA LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE FORM IN BASIC PPL LEARNING THAILAND UNHASY COLLEGE SYUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Siti Mariana Ulfa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Thai Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Recording Techniques

AbstractHumans on earth need social interaction with others. Humans can use more than one language in communication. Thus, the impact that arises when the use of one or more languages is the contact between languages. One obvious form of contact between languages is interference. Interference can occur at all levels of life. As in this study, namely Indonesian Language Interference in Learning PPL Basic Thailand Unhasy Students. This study contains the form of interference that occurs in Thai students who are conducting teaching practices in the classroom. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research that seeks to describe any interference that occurs in the speech of Thai students when teaching practice. Data collection methods in this study are (1) observation techniques, (2) audio-visual recording techniques using CCTV and (3) recording techniques, by recording all data that has been obtained. Whereas the data wetness uses, (1) data triangulation, (2) improvement in perseverance and (3) peer review through discussion. Data analysis techniques in this study are (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data presentation and (4) conclusions. It can be seen that the interference that occurs includes (1) interference in phonological systems, (2) interference in morphological systems and (3) interference in syntactic systems. 

Case Studies in Data Analysis

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Mazzella ◽  
Delorey Jr. ◽  
Larson Dennis E. ◽  
Dickson Kevin P. ◽  
Jr Peter
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Case Studies
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