Pressure Losses Of Non-Newtonian Fluids In Drilling Operations

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barkim Demirdal ◽  
Jose C.S. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Drilling Operations

Simple Correlations and Analysis of Cuttings Transport With Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in Horizontal and Deviated Wells

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sorgun
Keyword(s):  
Pure Water ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cuttings Transport ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Bed Thickness ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Cuttings Bed ◽  
Pipe Rotation

In this study, simple empirical frictional pressure losses and cuttings bed thickness correlations including pipe rotation are developed for solid-liquid flow in horizontal and deviated wellbores. Pipe rotation effects on cuttings transport in horizontal and highly inclined wells are investigated experimentally. Correlations are validated experimental data with pure water as well as four different non-Newtonian fluids for hole inclinations from horizontal to 60 degrees, flow velocities from 0.64 m/s to 3.56 m/s, rate of penetrations from 0.00127 to 0.0038 m/s, and pipe rotations from 0 to 250 rpm. Pressure drop within the test section, and stationary and/or moving bed thickness are recorded besides the other test conditions. The new correlations generated in this study are believed to be very practical and handy when they are used in the field.

Modeling of Newtonian Fluids in Annular Geometries With Inner Pipe Rotation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sorgun ◽  
Jerome J. Schubert ◽  
Ismail Aydin ◽  
M. Evren Ozbayoglu
Keyword(s):  
Axial Velocity ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
Eccentric Annulus ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Pipe Rotation

Flow in annular geometries, i.e., flow through the gap between two cylindrical pipes, occurs in many different engineering professions, such as petroleum engineering, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, food engineering, etc. Analysis of the flow characteristics through annular geometries is more challenging when compared with circular pipes, not only due to the uneven stress distribution on the walls but also due to secondary flows and tangential velocity components, especially when the inner pipe is rotated. In this paper, a mathematical model for predicting flow characteristics of Newtonian fluids in concentric horizontal annulus with drill pipe rotation is proposed. A numerical solution including pipe rotation is developed for calculating frictional pressure loss in concentric annuli for laminar and turbulent regimes. Navier-Stokes equations for turbulent conditions are numerically solved using the finite differences technique to obtain velocity profiles and frictional pressure losses. To verify the proposed model, estimated frictional pressure losses are compared with experimental data which were available in the literature and gathered at Middle East Technical University, Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering Flow Loop (METU-PETE Flow Loop) as well as Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. The proposed model predicts frictional pressure losses with an error less than ± 10% in most cases, more accurately than the CFD software models depending on the flow conditions. Also, pipe rotation effects on frictional pressure loss and tangential velocity is investigated using CFD simulations for concentric and fully eccentric annulus. It has been observed that pipe rotation has no noticeable effects on frictional pressure loss for concentric annuli, but it significantly increases frictional pressure losses in an eccentric annulus, especially at low flow rates. For concentric annulus, pipe rotation improves the tangential velocity component, which does not depend on axial velocity. It is also noticed that, as the pipe rotation and axial velocity are increased, tangential velocity drastically increases for an eccentric annulus. The proposed model and the critical analysis conducted on velocity components and stress distributions make it possible to understand the concept of hydro transport and hole cleaning in field applications.

Pressure Losses and Limiting Reynolds Numbers for Non-Newtonian Fluids in Short Square-Edged Orifice Plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Butteur Ntamba Ntamba ◽  
Veruscha Fester
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Pressure Loss Coefficient ◽  
Stable Operating ◽  
Piping Systems ◽  
Laminar And Turbulent Flow ◽  
Loss Coefficients ◽  
Industrial Problem

Correlations predicting the pressure loss coefficient along with the laminar, transitional, and turbulent limiting Reynolds numbers with the β ratio are presented for short square-edged orifice plates. The knowledge of pressure losses across orifices is a very important industrial problem while predicting pressure losses in piping systems. Similarly, it is important to define stable operating regions for the application of a short orifice at lower Reynolds numbers. This work experimentally determined pressure loss coefficients for square-edged orifices for orifice-to-diameter ratios of β = 0.2, 0.3, 0.57, and 0.7 for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in both laminar and turbulent flow regimes.

scholarly journals CFD Method for Predicting Annular Pressure Losses and Cuttings Concentration in Eccentric Horizontal Wells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Titus N. Ofei ◽  
Sonny Irawan ◽  
William Pao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Drilling Parameters ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Oil And Gas Drilling

In oil and gas drilling operations, predictions of pressure losses and cuttings concentration in the annulus are very complex due to the combination of interacting drilling parameters. Past studies have proposed many empirical correlations to estimate pressure losses and cuttings concentration. However, these developed correlations are limited to their experimental data range and setup, and hence, they cannot be applicable to all cases. CFD methods have the advantages of handling complex multiphase flow problems, as well as, an unlimited number of physical and operational conditions. The present study employs the inhomogeneous (Eulerian-Eulerian) model to simulate a two-phase solid-fluid flow and predict pressure losses and cuttings concentration in eccentric horizontal annuli as a function of varying drilling parameters: fluid velocity, diameter ratio (ratio of inner pipe diameter to outer pipe diameter), inner pipe rotation speed, and fluid type. Experimental data for pressure losses and cuttings concentration from previous literature compared very well with simulation data, confirming the validity of the current model. The study shows how reliable CFD methods can replicate the actual, yet complex oil and gas drilling operations.

An Explicit and Continuously Differentiable Flow Equation for Non-Newtonian Fluids in Pipes

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Kristian Gjerstad ◽  
B. Erik Ydstie ◽  
Rune W. Time ◽  
Knut S. Bjørkevoll
Keyword(s):  
Simple Model ◽  
Laminar Flow ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Equation ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Numerical Implementation ◽  
Time Optimization ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Real Time Optimization

Summary A simple model approximates Herschel-Bulkley (HB) non-Newtonian fluids in laminar flow in pipes. It is continuously differentiable and explicit in the frictional pressure gradient. Such properties are needed for control, real-time optimization, and prediction in drilling operations. The accuracy of the new model is evaluated by comparing it with a numerical implementation of the implicit HB model and some representative approximations used in the literature. Very little loss in accuracy is experienced compared with the implicit solution.

Annular Extrudate Swell of Newtonian Fluids Revisited: Extended Range of Compressible Simulations

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Mitsoulis
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Thickness Swell ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Extrudate Swell ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Weakly Compressible ◽  
Compressibility Coefficient ◽  
Limited Length ◽  
Parameter Values

In a recent article (Mitsoulis, 2007, “Annular Extrudate Swell of Newtonian Fluids: Effects of Compressibility and Slip at the Wall,” ASME J. Fluids Eng., 129, pp. 1384–1393), numerical simulations were undertaken for the benchmark problem of annular extrudate swell of Newtonian fluids. The effects of weak compressibility and slip at the wall were studied through simple linear laws. While slip was studied in the full range of parameter values, compressibility was confined within a narrow range of values for weakly compressible fluids, where the results were slightly affected. This range is now markedly extended (threefold), based on a consistent finite element method formulation for the continuity equation. Such results correspond to foam extrusion, where compressibility can be substantial. The new extended numerical results are given for different inner/outer diameter ratios κ under steady-state conditions for Newtonian fluids. They provide the shape of the extrudate, and, in particular, the thickness and diameter swells, as a function of the dimensionless compressibility coefficient B. The pressures from the simulations have been used to compute the excess pressure losses in the flow field (exit correction). As before, weak compressibility slightly affects the thickness swell (about 1% in the range of 0≤B≤0.02) mainly by a swell reduction, after which a substantial and monotonic increase occurs for B>0.02. The exit correction increases with increasing compressibility levels in the lower B-range and is highest for the tube (κ=0) and lowest for the slit (κ=1). Then it passes through a maximum around B≈0.02, after which it decreases slowly. This decrease is attributed to the limited length of the flow channel (here chosen to be eight die gaps).

Support Vector Regression and Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling of Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids in Annulus With Pipe Rotation

2014 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sorgun ◽  
A. Murat Ozbayoglu ◽  
M. Evren Ozbayoglu
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Newtonian Fluids ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Percent Error ◽  
Pipe Rotation ◽  
Absolute Percent Error

The estimation of the pressure losses inside annulus during pipe rotation is one of the main concerns in various engineering professions. Pipe rotation is a considerable parameter affecting pressure losses in annulus during drilling. In this study, pressure losses of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids flowing through concentric horizontal annulus are predicted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and support vector regression (SVR). SVR and CFD results are compared with experimental data obtained from literature. The comparisons show that CFD model could predict frictional pressure gradient with an average absolute percent error less than 3.48% for Newtonian fluids and 19.5% for non-Newtonian fluids. SVR could predict frictional pressure gradient with an average absolute percent error less than 5.09% for Newtonian fluids and 5.98% for non-Newtonian fluids.

Effect of Drillstring Deflection and Rotary Speed on Annular Frictional Pressure Losses

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oney Erge ◽  
Mehmet E. Ozbayoglu ◽  
Stefan Z. Miska ◽  
Mengjiao Yu ◽  
Nicholas Takach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Law ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Turbulent Friction ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Power Law Fluids ◽  
Drilling Operations

Keeping the drilling fluid equivalent circulating density in the operating window between the pore and fracture pressure is a challenge, particularly when the gap between these two is narrow, such as in offshore, extended reach, and slim hole drilling applications usually encountered in shale gas and/or oil drilling. To overcome this challenge, accurate estimation of frictional pressure loss in the annulus is essential. A better estimation of frictional pressure losses will enable improved well control, optimized bit hydraulics, a better drilling fluid program, and pump selection. Field and experimental measurements show that pressure loss in annuli is strongly affected by the pipe rotation and eccentricity. The major focus of this project is on a horizontal well setup with drillstring under compression, considering the influence of rotation on frictional pressure losses of yield power law fluids. The test matrix includes flow through the annulus for various buckling modes with and without the rotation of the inner pipe. Sinusoidal, helical, and transition from sinusoidal to helical configurations with and without the drillstring rotation were investigated. Helical configurations with two different pitch lengths are compared. Eight yield power law fluids are tested and consistent results are observed. The drillstring rotation patterns and buckling can be observed due to experimental facility's relatively longer and transparent test section. At the initial position, inner pipe is lying at the bottom due to its extensive length, suggesting a fully eccentric annular geometry. When the drillstring is rotated, whirling, snaking, irregular motions are observed. This state is considered as a free drillstring configuration since there is no prefixed eccentricity imposed on the drillstring. The reason for such design is to simulate the actual drilling operations, especially the highly inclined and horizontal drilling operations. Results show that rotating the drillstring can either increase or decrease the frictional pressure losses. The most pronounced effect of rotation is observed in the transition region from laminar to turbulent flow. The experiments with the buckled drillstring showed significantly reduced frictional pressure losses compared to the free drillstring configuration. Decreasing the length of the pitch caused a further reduction in pressure losses. Using the experimental database, turbulent friction factors for buckled and rotating drillstrings are presented. The drilling industry has recently been involved in incidents that show the need for critical improvements for evaluating and avoiding risks in oil/gas drilling. The information obtained from this study can be used to improve the control of bottomhole pressures during extended reach, horizontal, managed pressure, offshore, and slim hole drilling applications. This will lead to improved safety and enhanced optimization of drilling operations.

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