DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN AUTOMATIC AND STRATEGIC CONTROL PROCESSES: TOWARD A MODEL OF COGNITIVE MOBILIZATION IN BILINGUAL READING

Him CHEUNG; Angel M. Y. LIN

doi:10.2117/psysoc.2005.39

DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN AUTOMATIC AND STRATEGIC CONTROL PROCESSES: TOWARD A MODEL OF COGNITIVE MOBILIZATION IN BILINGUAL READING

PSYCHOLOGIA ◽

10.2117/psysoc.2005.39 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 39-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Him CHEUNG ◽

Angel M. Y. LIN

Keyword(s):

Strategic Control ◽

Control Processes ◽

Bilingual Reading ◽

Cognitive Mobilization

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Does Depth of Processing Affect Temporal Contiguity?

10.31234/osf.io/dkxzj ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abigail Marie Dester Mundorf ◽

Mitchell Uitvlugt ◽

Karl Healey

Keyword(s):

Memory Performance ◽

Theory Development ◽

Temporal Information ◽

Temporal Contiguity ◽

Word Recall ◽

Deep Processing ◽

Strategic Control ◽

Free Recall Task ◽

Control Processes ◽

Shallow Processing

Memory tends to be better when items are processed for their meaning (deep processing) rather than their perceptual features (shallow processing). This levels of processing (LOP) effect is well-replicated and has been applied in many settings, but the mechanisms involved are still not well understood. The temporal contiguity effect (TCE), the finding that recalling one event often triggers recall of another event experienced nearby in time, also predicts memory performance. This effect has given rise to several competing theories with specific contiguity-generating mechanisms related to how items are processed. Therefore, studying how LOP and the TCE interact may shed light on the mechanisms underlying both effects. However, it is unknown how LOP and the TCE interact—the various theories make differing predictions. In this preregistered study, we tested predictions of three theoretical explanations: accounts which assume temporal information is automatically encoded, accounts based on a trade-off between item and order information, and accounts which emphasize the importance of strategic control processes. Participants completed an immediate free recall task where they either engaged in deep processing, shallow processing, or no additional task while studying each word. Recall and the TCE were highest for no-task lists and greater for deep than shallow processing. Our results support theories which assume temporal associations are automatically encoded and those which emphasize strategic control processes. Both perspectives should be considered in theory development. These findings also suggest temporal information may contribute to better recall under deeper processing with implications in determining which situations benefit from deep processing.

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A Bird in the Hand Isn’t Good for Long

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000385 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Stefan Scherbaum ◽

Simon Frisch ◽

Maja Dshemuchadse

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

The Other ◽

Decision Task ◽

Short Term ◽

Additional Time ◽

Control Processes ◽

Folk Wisdom ◽

Study Participants ◽

Insight Into

Abstract. Folk wisdom tells us that additional time to make a decision helps us to refrain from the first impulse to take the bird in the hand. However, the question why the time to decide plays an important role is still unanswered. Here we distinguish two explanations, one based on a bias in value accumulation that has to be overcome with time, the other based on cognitive control processes that need time to set in. In an intertemporal decision task, we use mouse tracking to study participants’ responses to options’ values and delays which were presented sequentially. We find that the information about options’ delays does indeed lead to an immediate bias that is controlled afterwards, matching the prediction of control processes needed to counter initial impulses. Hence, by using a dynamic measure, we provide insight into the processes underlying short-term oriented choices in intertemporal decision making.

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