scholarly journals Fillers for Lower-weight Paper Grades

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. P211-P216
Author(s):  
SHOICHI SASAO
Keyword(s):  
Lower Weight

Lower weight gain and higher expression and blood levels of adiponectin in rats fed medium-chain TAG compared with long-chain TAG

Lipids ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Takeuchi ◽  
Osamu Noguchi ◽  
Seiji Sekine ◽  
Aiko Kobayashi ◽  
Toshiaki Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Medium Chain ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Lower Weight Gain ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals The potential use of lightweight cellular concrete in pavement application: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-696
Author(s):  
Frank Mi-Way Ni ◽  
Abimbola Grace Oyeyi ◽  
Susan Tighe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Cellular Concrete

AbstractProtecting the pavement subgrade to increase the service life of road pavements is an aspect currently being explored. Several alternative pavement subbase materials are being considered, including Lightweight Cellular Concrete (LCC). Due to its lower weight, LCC incorporating industrial by-product, making it sustainable, and ease of use amongst other benefits, is seen as a potential candidate. This paper reports reviewing the potential application of LCC within the pavement structure with a specific application as a subbase. It examines the various properties such as modulus of elasticity, compressive and tensile strength, Water absorption, and freeze-thaw resistance necessary for pavement application. It also assesses its use in the field in Canada considering the design methods utilized. Some limitations and gaps for LCC application in pavements are also established and recommendations on how to further its use and performance. This review concludes that LCC possesses potential as a pavement subbase alternative; however, other mechanical properties like LCC’s fatigue life is essential. A comparative field study is also recommended to monitor actual performance and various factors on performance.

scholarly journals Effect of SiO2 Dispersion on Chlorine-Induced High-Temperature Corrosion of High-Velocity Air-Fuel Sprayed NiCrMo Coating

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/2802 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 984-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Sadeghi ◽  
Nicolaie Markocsan ◽  
Tanvir Hussain ◽  
Matti Huhtakangas ◽  
Shrikant Joshi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Corrosion Product ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
High Temperature Corrosion ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Short Circuit Diffusion ◽  
Highly Porous

NiCrMo coatings with and without dispersed SiO2 were deposited using high-velocity air-fuel technique. Thermogravimetric experiments were conducted in 5% O2 + 500 vppm HCl + N2 with and without a KCl deposit at 600°C for up to 168 h. The SiO2-containing coating showed lower weight change as a result of formation of a protective and adherent Cr-rich oxide scale. SiO2 decelerated short-circuit diffusion of Cr3+ through scale’s defects, e.g., vacancies, and promoted the selective oxidation of Cr to form the protective Cr-rich oxide scale. Furthermore, the presence of SiO2 led to less subsurface depletion of Cr in the coating, and accordingly less corrosion of the substrate. The formed corrosion product on the SiO2-free coating was highly porous, non-adherent, and thick.

scholarly journals Influence of tail biting on weight gain, lesions and condemnations at slaughter of finishing pigs

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Maria F.P.P. Marques ◽  
Mari L. Bernardi ◽  
Carolini F. Coelho ◽  
Mirian Almeida ◽  
Oscar E. Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Lesion Score ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Tail Biting ◽  
Condemnation Rate ◽  
Lower Weight Gain ◽  
Degree Of Severity ◽  
Lesion Severity

The present study assessed the association of tail-biting lesions in finishing pigs with weight gain, occurrence of locomotion or respiratory disorders and abscesses during finishing period, and carcass condemnation at slaughter. The study was carried out on 4 different farms. For each animal with a tail biting lesion, two control pigs were selected. The total number of animals in the study was 312, with 104 of them being tail-bitten. Tail lesions were classified according to the degree of severity into four scores: score 0 -normal tail withou lesion; score 1-3 - increasing lesion severity, and score 4 - healed lesions. Overall, the occurrence of severe tail lesions (score 3) varied from 55 to 73% of tail-bitten pigs among farms. On all farms, healing of tail lesions was observed in 95% to 100% of the animals at the evaluation performed within 41-43 days after the commencement of the study. In two out of the four evaluated farms, pigs with score of 3 showed lower weight gain (P<0.05) compared with score 0 pigs. Before slaughter, the occurrence of locomotion problems and nodules/abscesses was associated (P<0.05) with the presence of tail-biting lesions. At slaughter, tail-biting lesions were associated (P<0.05) with the presence of abscesses, lung lesions (pleuritis and embolic pneumonia) or arthritis in carcasses. Carcass condemnation was associated with the presence of tail-biting lesions (P<0.05). Overall, carcass condemnation rate was 21.4%, of which animals with tail-biting lesions accounted for 66.7% of condemnations. Among the animals diagnosed with cannibalism at farm level, only two had not healed their lesions at slaughter. The fact that there were a lot of carcass condemnations, despite the fact that tail-bitten animals had no more active lesions, suggests that different situations may be observed between the field and slaughter, reinforcing the need to analyze pigs both at farm and slaughter to allow proper assessment of losses related to tail biting. Collectively, the observations of the present study show that complications associated with tail-biting found in slaughterhouses are probably underestimating field prevalence.

scholarly journals Clean Single-Valued Polylogarithms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Charlton ◽  
◽  
Claude Duhr ◽  
Herbert Gangl ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Functions ◽  
Explicit Formulas ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Functional Relations ◽  
Multiple Polylogarithms ◽  
Real Analytic

We define a variant of real-analytic polylogarithms that are single-valued and that satisfy ''clean'' functional relations that do not involve any products of lower weight functions. We discuss the basic properties of these functions and, for depths one and two, we present some explicit formulas and results. We also give explicit formulas for the single-valued and clean single-valued version attached to the Nielsen polylogarithms Sn,2(x), and we show how the clean single-valued functions give new evaluations of multiple polylogarithms at certain algebraic points.

Lower Body Orthotic Calipers With Composite Braces

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-151
Author(s):  
Nisha Kumari ◽  
Kaushik Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Solid Modeling ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Composite based materials are finding application in a large number of research and engineering spectrum due to its better mechanical properties (strength and stiffness), inherent surface finish, easiness in fabrication and installation and corrosion resistant. They are very strong and firm, yet very light in weight due to which lower weight-to-volume ratio can be achieved and stiffness to weight is 1.5 times greater than the non-ferrous materials like Aluminum. The work is undertaken in two parts. First and foremost being modeling and virtual estimation of mechanical properties using CREO and ANSYS for currently used aluminum based calipers and fabrication of the composites and testing of the same. A comparison is performed between the virtual and experimental results and also the effectiveness of composite based calipers over Aluminum ones is studied. Here two polymeric based composites are proposed for fabrication which are thermoplast and thermoset based composites respectively. The braces are modeled using a solid modeling Software, CREO and the same is tested using ANSYS.

Honeycomb-Cored Sandwich Structure Composites

2010 ◽  
pp. 223-235
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Sandwich Structure ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Resin System ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Film Adhesive ◽  
Adhesive Prepreg ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich ◽  
Honeycomb Sandwich Structure

Abstract The honeycomb sandwich structure composite is a very efficient and complex structure widely used in the aircraft industry. Honeycomb-cored sandwich panels increase part stiffness at a lower weight than monolithic composite materials. This chapter describes the analysis of the intermingling of the film adhesive/prepreg resin system. It discusses the causes and effects of honeycomb core movement, which results in core crush. The chapter also explains the formation of a void in honeycomb composites and the failure mechanisms in honeycomb sandwich structure composites.

scholarly journals Different levels of cardiometabolic indicators in multiple vs. singleton children

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria João Fonseca ◽  
Ana Cristina Santos ◽  
Henrique Barros
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Significant Direct Effect

Abstract Background We aimed to compare cardiometabolic indicators in singletons and multiples at age 7 and explore the birthweight mediation effect. Methods We studied 5431 singletons and 103 sets of multiples from Generation XXI birth cohort. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, and fasting blood samples were obtained. Age- and sex-specific z-scores were calculated (additionally height-specific for blood pressure). Adjusted regression coefficients and respective 95% confidence intervals [β (95%CI)] were computed using path analysis. Results Multiples had lower weight [− 0.419 (− 0.616;-0.223)], height [− 0.404 (− 0.594;-0.213)], BMI [− 0.470 (− 0.705;-0.234)], fat mass index [− 0.359 (− 0.565;-0.152)], waist circumference [− 0.342 (− 0.537;-0.147)], and waist-to-height ratio [− 0.165 (− 0.326;-0.003)] z-scores. These results were explained by the indirect effect via birthweight, which was also negative and significant for all the aforementioned cardiometabolic indicators, while no direct effect was present. There were also significant indirect effects regarding fat-free mass index, glucose, insulin, and blood pressure, though the total effects were not significant, due to the balance between direct and indirect effects. The only significant direct effect was regarding diastolic blood pressure [− 0.165 (− 0.302;-0.028)]. Conclusions At age 7, multiples presented better cardiometabolic indicators explained by lower weight at birth, except for the lower blood pressure which was independent of an effect via birthweight.

scholarly journals Nakata index above 1500 mm2/m2 predicts death in absent pulmonary valve syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Yasemin Karaca-Altintas ◽  
Daniela Laux ◽  
Marielle Gouton ◽  
Myriam Bensemlali ◽  
Régine Roussin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Prolonged Ventilation ◽  
Absent Pulmonary Valve Syndrome

AbstractOBJECTIVESAbsent pulmonary valve syndrome is a rare congenital heart disease with severe airway compression due to dilatation of the pulmonary arteries (PAs). We investigated risk factors for death and prolonged mechanical ventilation (&gt;7 days) and a threshold PA size for these outcomes.METHODSThis retrospective 2-centre cohort study included 68 patients with complete repair between January 1996 and December 2015.RESULTSMedian age at repair was 3.9 months (1.3–8.7 months), and median weight was 5 kg (4–7 kg). The mortality rate before hospital discharge was 12%, and the mortality rate at last follow-up was 19%. In multivariable analysis, risk factors for death were higher Nakata index [hazard ratio (HR) 1.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.001–1.002; P &lt; 0.001] and lower SpO2 (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.09; P = 0.002). The accuracy of the Nakata index to predict death was excellent (area under the curve at 6 months: 0.92; P = 0.010). A Nakata index above 1500 mm2/m2 predicted mortality at 6 months with a sensitivity of 98% and a specificity of 82%. Twenty-five patients (37%) had prolonged mechanical ventilation. The only multivariable risk factor for prolonged ventilation was lower weight at repair (odds ratio 2.9, 95% CI 1.3–6.7; P = 0.008). Neither PA plasty nor the LeCompte manoeuvre had a protective effect on mortality or prolonged ventilation. A Nakata index above 1500 mm2/m2 remained a risk factor for mortality (P = 0.022) in patients who had a PA plasty or the LeCompte manoeuvre.CONCLUSIONSIn patients with absent pulmonary valve syndrome, the Nakata index predicts mortality with a cut-off of 1500 mm2/m2. Lower weight at repair is the only multivariable risk factor for prolonged ventilation. Neither PA plasty nor the LeCompte manoeuvre had a protective effect on these outcomes.

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