scholarly journals ROLE OF ACRYLIC ACID IN INITIATION REACTION OF GRAFT POLYMERIZATION ONTO 6-NYLON IN CaCl2-METHANOL SOLUTION

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. T77-T81
Author(s):  
Kouichi Kosai ◽  
Tsuyoshi Higashino ◽  
Noboru Nishioka
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Initiation Reaction

The Role of the Initiator System in the Synthesis of Acidic Multifunctional Nanoparticles Designed for Molecular Imprinting of Proteins

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Marwa Aly Ahmed ◽  
Júlia Erdőssy ◽  
Viola Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Binding Affinity ◽  
Molecular Imprinting ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Ammonium Persulfate ◽  
Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
Multifunctional Nanoparticles ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Initiator System

Multifunctional nanoparticles have been shown earlier to bind certain proteins with high affinity and the binding affinity could be enhanced by molecular imprinting of the target protein. In this work different initiator systems were used and compared during the synthesis of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid-co-N-tert-butylacrylamide) nanoparticles with respect to their future applicability in molecular imprinting of lysozyme. The decomposition of ammonium persulfate initiator was initiated either thermally at 60 °C or by using redox activators, namely tetramethylethylenediamine or sodium bisulfite at low temperatures. Morphology differences in the resulting nanoparticles have been revealed using scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. During polymerization the conversion of each monomer was followed in time. Striking differences were demonstrated in the incorporation rate of acrylic acid between the tetramethylethylenediamine catalyzed initiation and the other systems. This led to a completely different nanoparticle microstructure the consequence of which was the distinctly lower lysozyme binding affinity. On the contrary, the use of sodium bisulfite activation resulted in similar nanoparticle structural homogeneity and protein binding affinity as the thermal initiation.

scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Asymmetric Grafting of Different Monomers into Base Films to Prepare Novel Bipolar Membranes

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2028
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Sawada ◽  
Yasunari Maekawa
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Bipolar Membranes ◽  
Graft Polymers ◽  
Grafting Reactions ◽  
Radiation Induced

We prepared novel bipolar membranes (BPMs) consisting of cation and anion exchange layers (CEL and AEL) using radiation-induced asymmetric graft polymerization (RIAGP). In this technique, graft polymers containing cation and anion exchange groups were introduced into a base film from each side. To create a clear CEL/AEL boundary, grafting reactions were performed from each surface side using two graft monomer solutions, which are immiscible in each other. Sodium p-styrenesulfonate (SSS) and acrylic acid (AA) in water were co-grafted from one side of the base ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene film, and chloromethyl styrene (CMS) in xylene was simultaneously grafted from the other side, and then the CMS units were quaternized to afford a BPM. The distinct SSS + AA- and CMS-grafted layers were formed owing to the immiscibility of hydrophilic SSS + AA and hydrophobic CMS monomer solutions. This is the first BPM with a clear CEL/AEL boundary prepared by RIAGP. However, in this BPM, the CEL was considerably thinner than the AEL, which may be a problem in practical applications. Then, by using different starting times of the first SSS+AA and second CMS grafting reactions, the CEL and AEL thicknesses was found to be controlled in RIAGP.

scholarly journals Multifunctional Semi-interpenetrating Superabsorbents from Graft Polymerization of Acrylic Acid on Cellulose in Presence of Fulvic Acid as Potential Slow Release Devices of Soil Nutrients

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 4045-4056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham Essawy
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Morphological Alteration ◽  
Interpenetrating Network ◽  
Swelling Potential ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Release Devices

Grafting polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) was undertaken onto cellulose powder (Cell) in presence of potassium fulvate (KF) to produce semi-interpenetrating network structures. The grafting efficiency (GE) and grafting yield (GY) were studied as and indicated that the grafting process was not influenced in presence of KF. KF was expected to be incorporated into the cellulose backbone in the same course of the graft polymerization via polycondensation with groups from cellulose and monomer. The simultaneous graft polymerization of acrylic acid and polycondensation processes of all components allows formation of a more chemically active semi-interpenetrating network structure. Successful incorporation of KF to the network structure was predicted from fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while enhanced Cu2+ uptake confirmed the better chemical activity with respect to the same network prepared in absence of KF. Furthermore, the wide variation of the swelling potential as a function of the pH further corroborates the insertion of KF to the network structure. Imaging with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated morphological alteration on the surface which might be related to the KF anchoring to the cellulose backbone. The developed superabsorbents showed increment in the water absorption both in distilled water and salted solutions as well. The newly developed superabsorbent was applied as a support for soil nutrients and their controlled release in soil was studied. The results proved efficiency of the superabsorbent to warrant appropriate release of the nutrients according to the time regulations set by European Committee of Normalization (ECN). Improved water retention was also an additional advantage.

scholarly journals Development of Hydrogen-Permselective Porous Membranes Using Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Hasegawa ◽  
Shinichi Sawada ◽  
Shinya Azami ◽  
Tokio Hagiwara ◽  
Akihiro Hiroki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Hydrogen Permeability ◽  
Porous Membranes ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Permeability For Water ◽  
Radiation Induced Grafting

Hydrogen-permselective membranes were developed using a radiation-induced grafting method. Styrene (St) and acrylic acid (AAc) monomers were introduced into porous polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes to obtain St- and AAc-grafted PVDF membranes with grafting degrees of 82% and 92%, respectively. The porosities of the grafted membranes were controlled in the range 30–40% by hot-press compression at 159 °C and 4 MPa. The hydrogen permeability was found to be of the order of 10−7 mol/m2∙s∙Pa, which was higher than the permeability for water vapor and nitrogen (oxygen model). The St- and AAc-grafted membranes exhibited 9.0 and 34 times higher permeability for H2 than for H2O and N2, respectively.

The preparation of hydrogel-like polyurethane using the graft polymerization of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 6371-6386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Chan Chung ◽  
Jin Cheol Bae ◽  
Jae Won Choi ◽  
Byoung Chul Chun
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Graft Polymerization ◽  
Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate
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