Discovery of two coloured Phylloceratidae belonging to the genus Adabofoloceras Joly, 1977. Hypotheses on the relationships between colour patterns of the shell and mode of life

2006 ◽  
Vol 177 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59
Author(s):  
Bernard Jolyet ◽  
Cyril Baudouin
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Good Protection ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Colour Patterns

Abstract Until now the references of coloured specimens in the scientific publications about Juraphyllitidae, Phylloceratidae and Neophylloceratidae are not very numerous. The recent discovery of Adabofoloceras ardechicum (Munier-Chalmas, in Collot, 1880) and Adabofoloceras chantrei (Munier-Chalmas, in Collot, 1880) fills a part of this gap. The new findings allow to compare with coloured specimens published before, above all with the Calliphylloceras of the Kutch and with a Calliphylloceras demidoffi (Rousseau, 1842) of Upper Bathonian of Malagasy. Like every coloured specimen published before, the dark biochromes of the specimens studied in this note belong to the group of melanins. The other observable colours of both species of genus Adabofoloceras are in fact a schemochromy, that is an interferential phenomenon in the thin calcium carbonate layers; it does not imply the presence of biochromes. The exposure of the three studied specimens to UV shows the lack of biochromes such as porphyrins in these ammonites. The only biochromes found in these shells are probably melanins according to the works published earlier. In both Adabofoloceras, the colours are placed in radial stripes like “flames”, as in modern Nautilus. The Malagasy Calliphylloceras demidoffi shows that coloured longitudinal stripes can’t be excluded in the Phylloceratidae. It seams apropriate to compare the colours described in this note with those published before and with those of modern Nautilus in order to try to understand their biological function. The hypotheses proposed on the biological function of the ammonites shells colours are briefly explained and discussed. It is the same for Adabofoloceras ardechicum, the best example of coloured shells among Phylloceratidae known nowadays. We can think that these colours permitted a good protection against the predators by camouflage of the shell. It is possible to think that the biochromes could be made of excreted matter. It is more difficult to explain Calliphylloceras demidoffi because its colour is bad. Photos with IR films show biochromes in radial stripes and perhaps coloured longitudinal stripes. With most of the authors we can think that the biochromes were located in the most external layers of the test. Probably, first, they were excreted matter and secondly, they protected the animals against the predators.

scholarly journals Dermoscopic aspect of verrucous epidermal nevi: New findings

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
ÖMER FARUK ELMAS ◽  
NECMETTİN AKDENİZ
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
The Other ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Epidermal Nevus ◽  
Clinical Interpretation ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Clinical Variants ◽  
Histopathological Investigation

Background and Aim: Verrucous epidermal nevi are cutaneous hamartomas having many clinical variants. Dermoscopic features of verrucous epidermal nevus have rarely been investigated. We aimed to identify dermoscopic findings of the entity which will facilitate the diagnostic process by reducing the use of invasive diagnostic methods. Material and Methods: The study included the patients with histopathologically approved verrucous epidermal nevus. Clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological features of the patients were retrospectively reviewed and the findings identified were recorded. Dermoscopic examination was performed with a polarized-light handheld dermoscope with 10-fold magnification. Results: The most common dermoscopic features were thick brown circles, thick brown branched lines and terminal hairs. The most common vessel pattern was dotted vessels. Branched thick brown lines, brown globules, brown dots forming lines, serpiginous brown dots, white and brown exophytic papillary structures, fine scale, thick adherent scale and cerebriform structures were the other findings. Conclusion: We observed many vascular and non-vascular dermoscopic findings which have not been described previously for the entity. Dermoscopic examination of the verrucous epidermal nevi may lead more reliable clinical interpretation and thus it may reduce the need for histopathological investigation. Keywords: dermoscopy, large brown circles, verrucous epidermal nevus

scholarly journals Nutrient accumulation and biomass production of alfafa after soil amendment with silicates

Revista CERES ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 406-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Cristina Fernandes Deus ◽  
Leonardo Theodoro Bull ◽  
Juliano Corulli Corrêa ◽  
Roberto Lyra Villas Boas
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Soil Liming

Studies on the use of silicate correctives in agriculture show that they have great potential to improve soil chemical characteristics, however, little information is available on the reactivity rates of their particle-size fractions. This study investigated whether the reactivity rates obtained experimentally could be considered in the calculation of ECC (effective calcium carbonate) for soil liming, promoting adequate development of alfalfa plants. Six treatments were evaluated in the experiment, consisting of two slag types applied in two rates. The experimental ECC was used to calculate one of the rates and the ECC determined in the laboratory was used to calculate the other. Rates of limestone and wollastonite were based on the ECC determined in laboratory. The rates of each soil acidity corretive were calculated to increase the base saturation to 80%. The treatments were applied to a Rhodic Hapludox and an Alfisol Ferrudalfs. The methods for ECC determination established for lime can be applied to steel slag. The application of slag corrected soil acidity with consequent accumulation of Ca, P, and Si in alfalfa, favoring DM production.

scholarly journals Accelerating Scientific Publication in Biology

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald D Vale
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Scientific Publication ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Postdoctoral Training ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Information ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Catalytic Effects

Scientific publications enable results and ideas to be transmitted throughout the scientific community. The number and type of journal publications also have become the primary criteria used in evaluating career advancement. Our analysis suggests that publication practices have changed considerably in the life sciences over the past thirty years. More experimental data is now required for publication, and the average time required for graduate students to publish their first paper has increased and is approaching the desirable duration of Ph.D. training. Since publication is generally a requirement for career progression, schemes to reduce the time of graduate student and postdoctoral training may be difficult to implement without also considering new mechanisms for accelerating communication of their work. The increasing time to publication also delays potential catalytic effects that ensue when many scientists have access to new information. The time has come for life scientists, funding agencies, and publishers to discuss how to communicate new findings in a way that best serves the interests of the public and the scientific community.

The Importance of Light in Our Lives

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-256
Author(s):  
David Baeza Moyano ◽  
Roberto Alonso González Lezcano
Keyword(s):  
Visual System ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
New Findings ◽  
The Common ◽  
Indoor Lighting ◽  
Illuminance Uniformity

The light that enters through our eyes is not only for vision. The human circadian system responds to light differently than the visual system. The timing of each biological function in mammals is directed by the main clock located in the Supraquiasmic Nucleus, which is regulated by light. However, until now, only the interaction of light with our visual system has been taken into account when choosing the parameters of indoor lighting sources, including those in the classroom. In the publications about school lighting, the first concern was the common parameters of indoor lighting such as horizontal workplane illuminance, illuminance uniformity, and avoiding reflections on different surfaces. In this chapter, the authors show publications about new findings on the effects of light on people, studies carried out in different countries aimed at improving classroom lighting, current regulations on lighting related to classroom lighting, and new parameters that are being considered, along with those already used for new and better lighting.

scholarly journals Field and Laboratory Methods for DNA Studies on Deep-sea Isopod Crustaceans

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Riehl ◽  
Nils Brenke ◽  
Saskia Brix ◽  
Amy Driskell ◽  
Stefanie Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
The Other ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Cycle Sequencing ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Set Up

AbstractField and laboratory protocols that originally led to the success of published studies have previously been only briefly laid out in the methods sections of scientific publications. For the sake of repeatability, we regard the details of the methodology that allowed broad-range DNA studies on deep-sea isopods too valuable to be neglected. Here, a comprehensive summary of protocols for the retrieval of the samples, fixation on board research vessels, PCR amplification and cycle sequencing of altogether six loci (three mitochondrial and three nuclear) is provided. These were adapted from previous protocols and developed especially for asellote Isopoda from deep-sea samples but have been successfully used in some other peracarids as well. In total, about 2300 specimens of isopods, 100 amphipods and 300 tanaids were sequenced mainly for COI and 16S and partly for the other markers. Although we did not set up an experimental design, we were able to analyze amplification and sequencing success of different methods on 16S and compare success rates for COI and 16S. The primer pair 16S SF/SR was generally reliable and led to better results than universal primers in all studied Janiroidea, except Munnopsidae and Dendrotionidae. The widely applied universal primers for the barcoding region of COI are problematic to use in deep-sea isopods with a success rate of 45–79% varying with family. To improve this, we recommend the development of taxon-specific primers.

Percolation in colloidal soils, considered in relation to swelling and cohesiveness

1925 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 434-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The Other ◽  
Horizontal Flow ◽  
Lateritic Soils ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Other Hand

(1) The results of experiments on the rate of horizontal flow, and on the rate of gain in mass, or kerosene and of water in fine and crumb fractions of certain West Indian colloidal soils, comprising three siliceous soils containing different amounts of calcium carbonate, and two lateritic soils, are described and tabulated.(2) The methods of experimentation employed were those elaborated by Green and Ampt, whose equations were found, however, not to fit the values obtained, as is to be expected.(3) The siliceous soils examined possess relatively high swelling coefficients, and their component particles, when wetted, cohere to a greater or lesser extent, depending on lime content. These properties appear to account for the relatively low rates of permeability to water in these soils. Lateritic soils, on the other hand, possess low swelling coefficients, and low cohesiveness; water percolates through them relatively very rapidly.

First record of Seymouria (Vertebrata: Seymouriamorpha) from Early Permian fissure fills at Richards Spur, Oklahoma

1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corwin Sullivan ◽  
Robert R Reisz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Developmental Stage ◽  
Regular Component ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Early Developmental

Isolated skeletal elements of the amphibian genus Seymouria were recently discovered at the Richards Spur locality near Fort Sill, Oklahoma, a prolific source of Early Permian tetrapod remains. Five of the seven described bones are of juvenile size and include three neural arches, a humerus, and a femur, whereas the other two are partial vertebrae, apparently adult. All seven are morphologically similar to equivalent skeletal elements in Seymouria specimens previously collected in Europe and North America, apart from features reflecting the early developmental stage of the juvenile bones. The femur and humerus are clearly distinct from those of other seymouriamorphs such as Ariekanerpeton and Kotlassia. The rarity of Seymouria at the Richards Spur locality implies that it was not a regular component of the fauna, and it is also associated with the less markedly terrestrial assemblage that consistently occurs at localities in the southwestern United States. However, its skeletal morphology and occurrence at terrestrial localities such as Richards Spur imply a primarily terrestrial, rather than an amphibious, mode of life. Conflicting biostratigraphic correlations imply that the exact age of the Richards Spur deposits is uncertain, and equivalence to the Arroyo Formation of Texas may be erroneous.

New findings of rare or little-known alpheid shrimp genera (Crustacea, Decapoda) in Moorea, French Polynesia

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2403 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTHUR ANKER
Keyword(s):  
Time Distribution ◽  
Original Description ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Distribution Ranges ◽  
Colour Patterns ◽  
First Time ◽  
Alpheid Shrimp

Six rare or little-known genera from the shrimp family Alpheidae are reported from French Polynesia, five of them for the first time. Distribution ranges are significantly extended for the recently described Acanthanas pusillus Anker, Poddoubtchenko & Jeng, 2006 and Richalpheus palmeri Anker & Jeng, 2006, previously known only from two and one type specimens, respectively, from the Philippines. The original description of A. pusillus, based on two females, is completed with the description and illustration of the male cheliped and pleopod; accordingly, the diagnosis of Acanthanas is slightly emended. The genus Leptalpheus Williams, 1965 was not known from French Polynesia before, but is represented there by two species: L. denticulatus Anker & Marin, 2009, previously known from Vietnam, the Philippines and Fiji; and L. pacificus Banner & Banner, 1974, previously considered as a Hawaiian endemic. The genus Prionalpheus Banner & Banner, 1960 is represented in French Polynesia by two species: P. triarticulatus Banner & Banner, 1960, reported for the first time, and P. brachytomeus Banner & Banner, 1971, reported with some doubts (P. cf. brachytomeus) for the first time since the original description. Rugathanas borradailei (Coutière, 1903), a widespread but rather uncommon and easily overlooked species, is also reported for the first time from French Polynesia. Colour patterns are illustrated for all species, this being for the first time for R. palmeri, L. pacificus, P. triarticulatus and P. cf. brachytomeus.

Two new Gammarus species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Gammaridae) from Zagros Mountains, Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2894 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARYAM HEKMATARA ◽  
ALIREZA SARI ◽  
MOHAMMAD-HADI HEIDARY BALADEHI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Gammarus Pulex ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

The present study tries to focus on describing two new species belonging to genus Gammarus from western Iran along the Zagros Mountains range. The most remarkable feature of Gammarus hegmatanensis sp. n. is the shape of epimeral plate 3, which is sharply pointed posteriorly with a distinct lobate anterior margin. This species has some similarities with and differences from some other species of Gammarus pulex–group such as G. parthicus and G. syriacus. The other species, G. sirvannus sp. n. with elongated eyes is similar to G. duebeni, G. lobifer, G. balutchi and G. loeffleri, but it shows prominent morphological differences and a distinct geographical distribution from these species. These new findings shed more light on the information available on amphipod fauna of Iran.

scholarly journals Rice husk ash as corrective of soil acidity

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 934-941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gláucia Oliveira Islabão ◽  
Ledemar Carlos Vahl ◽  
Luís Carlos Timm ◽  
Donald Luiz Paul ◽  
Aline Hernandez Kath
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Absolute Control

Rice husk ash (RHA) is a by-product from the burning of rice husk that can have favorable effects on the soil in terms of acidity correction. The objectives of this study were to determine the effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECC) of RHA under field conditions, and establish technical criteria as a basis for estimating the overall ECC of RHA. The 12 treatments of the experiment consisted of 10 RHA dosages (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, and 140 Mg ha-1) and two references, one of which was an absolute control (AC) and the other a plot limed and fertilized according to official recommendations (recommended fertilization - RF). The soil was sampled twice (15 and 210 days after incorporating RHA), in the layers 0.00-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m, to determine the pH(H2O) and base saturation (V%). The ECC and neutralizing value (NV) of RHA were also determined. The results showed that RHA neutralizes soil acidity, in a faster reaction than conventional limestone, despite a low ECC (around 3 %).

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