scholarly journals Active point bar development and river bank erosion in the incising channel of the lower Tisza river, Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Gabriel Jonathan Amissah ◽  
Tímea Kiss ◽  
Károly Fiala
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Point Bar ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Active Point ◽  
Hydraulic Regime ◽  
Point Bars ◽  
Tisza River ◽  
Floodplain Development

The development of point-bars and bank erosion are critical near-bank processes, as they indicatethe sediment and hydraulic regime of a river system, thus, they refer to the equilibrium conditions ofa channel. However, throughout history, rivers have been modified for various benefits which changethe development of point-bars and the rate of bank erosion. In the Lower Tisza River (Hungary), riverregulations influenced the channel and floodplain development, altering the natural fluvial processes.The aim of the research was to determine the rate of near-bank processes and to make trajectory forfuture river evolution to support future engineering works. The bank erosion and point-bar developmentat human-influenced and freely meandering sections of the Tisza River were monitored since 2011.Behind a collapsed revetment, the bank erosion rate was 0.6 m/y, while at a freely meandering section itwas 2.3 m/y. The studied point-bars are located in revetted and freely meandering sections. Their surfaceeroded within the period. These intensive erosional processes refer to an incising meandering channel,which must be considered during future planning of in-channel structures (e.g. revetments, bridges),thus, geomorphic methods must be considered in any river engineering scheme.

scholarly journals Development of a meandering channel caused by the planform shape of the river bank

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nagata ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
H. Yasuda ◽  
A. Ito
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Failure Model ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Meandering Channels ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Bed Changes ◽  
Development Mechanism

Abstract. Due to a typhoon and a stationary rain front, record amounts of rain fell in September 2011, and the largest class of discharge in recorded history was observed in the Otofuke River of eastern Hokkaido in Japan, and extensive bank erosion occurred in various parts of the river channel. Damages were especially serious in the middle reaches, where part of a dike was washed out. The results of a post-flood survey suggested that the direct cause of the dike breach was lateral advance of the bank erosion associated with the development of meandering channels. As the related development mechanism and predominant factors have not yet been clarified, this remains a priority from the viewpoint of disaster prevention. A past study on the development of meandering channels was reported by Shimizu et al. (1996). In this study, the meandering channel development process was reproduced using a slope failure model that linked bank erosion with bed changes. The study attempted to clarify the meandering development mechanism in the disaster and its predominant factors by using this model. The analysis properly reproduced the characteristics of the post-flood meandering waveforms. Therefore, it is suggested that the development of meandering during the flood attributed to the propagation of meandering downstream, which is triggered by the meandering flow from the meandering channel in the upstream, which also suggests that this propagated meandering then caused a gradual increase of meandering amplitude accompanied by bank erosion in the recession period of the flood.

scholarly journals Development of a meandering channel caused by the plane shape of the river bank

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1019-1059
Author(s):  
T. Nagata ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
H. Yasuda ◽  
A. Ito
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Past Study ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Meandering Channels ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Plane Shape ◽  
Bed Changes ◽  
Development Mechanism

Abstract. Due to a typhoon and a stationary rain front, record amounts of rain fell in September 2011, and the largest class of discharge in recorded history was observed in the Otofuke River of eastern Hokkaido in Japan, and extensive bank erosion occurred in various parts of the river channel. Damages were especially serious in the middle reaches, where part of a dike was washed out. The results of a post-flood survey suggested that the direct cause of the dike breach was lateral advance of the bank erosion associated with the development of meandering channels. As the related development mechanism and predominant factors have not yet been clarified, this remains a priority from the viewpoint of disaster prevention. A past study on the development of meandering channels was reported by Shimizu et al. In this study, the meandering channel development process was reproduced using a slope failure model that linked bank erosion with bed changes. The study attempted to clarify the meandering development mechanism in the disaster and it's predominant factors by using this model. The analysis properly reproduced the characteristics of the post-flood meandering waveforms. Therefore, it is suggested that the development of meandering during the flood attributed to the propagation of meandering to downstream, which is triggered by the meandering flow from the meandering channel in the upstream, and also suggested that this propagated meandering then caused a gradual increase of meandering amplitude accompanied by bank erosion in the recession period of the flood.

scholarly journals Measuring Hazard Vulnerability by Bank Erosion of the Ganga River in Malda District Using PAR Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubia Biswas ◽  
A. K. M. Anwaruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Ganga River ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Secondary Information

River banks are characterised by dynamic environments that change in response to a variety of inputs. Bank erosion ordinarily means losses of bank materials and individual particles or aggregates by fluvial, sub-aerial and geo-tectonic processes. It is a common phenomenon of geomorphic hazard associated with flood plains and meandering or braided river system. The problem of bank erosion and shifting of the course of the river Ganga in certain C.D. blocks of Malda District is not purely an environment-related problem but a unique combination of both environment and ‘development’ project. The objective of the present paper is to measure the vulnerability of the villages that are situated adjacent to the Ganga River. Data was obtained from both primary as well as secondary sources. The primary data was collected through observation method and through informal interviews with the affected people. Secondary information was obtained from various research works encountered during the study. The study was framed on the lines of Pressure and Release (PAR) model developed by Wisner, Blaikie, Cannon and Davis (1994 & 2003). The inhabitants of these villages are facing serious problems related to employment, health, education, sanitation, drinking water supply and market due to the river bank erosion. In some areas people suffer from the irony of dual citizenship. No remedial measures are seriously taken by concerned authorities to solve this problem. Thus, it is incumbent on the part of the government and NGOs to devise corrective mechanism to curb the threat to the existence of the affected people as well as to improve their quality of life.

scholarly journals Bank Processes and Revetment Erosion of a Large Lowland River: Case Study of the Lower Tisza River, Hungary

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiss ◽  
Amissah ◽  
Fiala
Keyword(s):  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Channel Processes ◽  
Channel Incision ◽  
Meandering Channel ◽  
Adcp Measurements ◽  
Tisza River ◽  
Bank Stabilization

Stone and concrete revetments are widely constructed to control bank erosion and thus stabilize river banks. The consequences include accelerated erosion at unrevetted downstream channel sections and in-channel incision at revetted sections. The studied section of the Tisza River (Hungary) was revetted along 49% of its banks in the 20th century with stepped-block and placed-rock revetments. We therefore aimed (1) to study the effects of revetment constructions on channel processes and (2) to evaluate the state and collapse of revetments using a DEM of the channel and ADCP measurements. In the late 19th century, the river had an equilibrium meandering channel, with alternating eroding and aggrading banks. Currently, erosional processes dominate. Thus, 65% of the total channel length is affected by bank erosion. The revetments reduced the active lateral erosional processes only temporarily, as 58% of the revetments, mainly placed-rock, are already damaged. The flow characteristics at the revetted sections were found to depend on the rate and type of revetment collapse. Large pools developed in front of the revetments, playing an important role in initiating their erosion. The placed-rock revetments can collapse by slides or by stones falling into the pool one-by-one. In this case, a knickpoint develops, propagating upstream. Thus, the collapse and accelerated bank erosion also propagate upstream. The increased hazard created by the failure of the revetments requires the re-planning of bank stabilization practices.

scholarly journals A low-cost technique to measure bank erosion proces ses along middle-size river reaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Duró ◽  
Alessandra Crosato ◽  
Maarten G. Kleinhans ◽  
Wim S. J. Uijttewaal
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Observation Distance ◽  
River Bank ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Rtk Gps

Abstract. Diverse methods are currently available to measure river bank erosion at broad-ranging temporal and spatial scales. Yet, no technique provides low-cost and high-resolution to survey small-scale bank processes along a river reach. We investigate the capabilities of Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry applied with imagery from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to describe the evolution of riverbank profiles in middle-size rivers. The bank erosion cycle is used as a reference to assess the applicability of different techniques. We surveyed 1.2 km of a restored bank of the Meuse River eight times within a year, combining different photograph perspectives and overlaps to identify an efficient UAV flight to monitor banks. The accuracy of the Digital Surface Models (DSMs) was evaluated compared with RTK GPS points and an Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) of the whole reach. An oblique perspective with eight photo overlaps was sufficient to achieve the highest relative precision to observation distance of ~1:1400, with 10 cm error range. A complementary nadiral view increased coverage behind bank toe vegetation. The DSM and ALS had comparable accuracies except on banks, where the latter overestimates elevations. Sequential DSMs captured signatures of the erosion cycle such as mass failures, slump-block deposition, and bank undermining. Although this technique requires low water levels and banks without dense vegetation, it is a low-cost method to survey reach-scale riverbanks in sufficient resolution to quantify bank retreat and identify morphological features of the bank failure and erosion processes.

Modelling river bank erosion using a 2D depth-averaged numerical model of flow and non-cohesive, non-uniform sediment transport

2016 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal El Kadi Abderrezzak ◽  
Andrés Die Moran ◽  
Pablo Tassi ◽  
Riadh Ata ◽  
Jean-Michel Hervouet
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
River Bank ◽  
River Bank Erosion

A review on share of river bank erosion to the total sediment load with increasing catchment size

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Seifeddine Jomaa ◽  
Michael Rode
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Load ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Sediment Sources ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
River Bank ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Catchment Size ◽  
Total Sediment

<p>Information on the share of river bank erosion to the total sediment load at catchment scale by using the fingerprinting approach is important to address our knowledge of erosion processes to better target soil erosion control measures. In particular, river bank erosion is affected by many factors such as spatial and temporal variables and is difficult to quantify the relationship of the share of bank erosion to catchment size and upland erosion rate without extensive fieldwork and data analysis. Potential tracers including geochemical, fallout radionuclides, bulk and compound-specific stable isotopes, and magnetic properties have been used, often in combination with sediment source apportionment. In this worldwide review, the global dataset for percent share of river bank and surface erosion using fingerprinting approach was collected to establish the significance of catchment size and other physical controls on river bank erosion. Google Scholar and Web of Science were used to review research articles that included river bank/subsurface as one of the sediment sources in the study areas. This database showed that the UK (n = 84), USA (n = 14) and Brazil (n = 10) had the highest number of catchments, followed by Iran (n = 4), Southern Zambia (n = 1), Australia (n = 1), Spain (n = 1), Mongolia (n = 1) and Burkina Faso (n = 1) ranging in size from 0.31 to 15000 km<sup>2</sup>, predominately agriculture. Based on published studies, there is a clear shift of sediment sources from surface erosion to river bank erosion with increasing catchment size. The results show the wide range of relative contributions of surface and river bank sources to the catchment sediment yield around the globe. There are a number of catchments with river bank contribution exceeding 25% and surface contribution exceeding 90% of total sediment loss. This diversity highlights the many factors that influence river bank erosion. In addition to the wide range, sediment source contribution in the range 1-25% from river bank is generally representative around the World. We recommend that long term monitoring of sediment load and surface and river bank sources at nested sites within a catchment are indispensable. Furthermore, limited information on the share of sources often makes it difficult to target mitigation measures reducing sediment loads at the catchment scale.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Sediment load, catchment size, fingerprinting approach, river bank share</p>

scholarly journals Mapping and Monitoring Erosion-Accretion in an Alluvial River Using Satellite Imagery – The River Bank Changes of the Padma River in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Maruf Billah
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Bank Erosion ◽  
River Bank ◽  
River Bank Erosion ◽  
Island Area ◽  
River Bed ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Padma River ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
The Right

Abstract The Padma river is widely known for its dynamic and disastrous behaviour, and the river has been experiencing intense and frequent bank erosion and deposition leading to the changes and shifting of bank line. In this paper, a time series of Landsat satellite imagery MSS, TM and OLI and TIRS images and are used to detect river bank erosion-accretion and bank line shifting during the study period 1975–2015. This study exhibits a drastic increase of erosion and accretion of land along the Padma river. The results show that from 1975 to 2015, the total amount of river bank erosion is 49,951 ha of land, at a rate of 1,249 ha a−1 and the total amount of accretion is 83,333 ha of land, at a rate of 2,083 ha a−1. Throughout the monitoring period, erosion-accretion was more pronounced in the right part of the river and bank line had been shifting towards the southern direction. The paper also reveals that the total area of islands had been increased significantly, in 2015 there was about 50,967 ha of island area increased from 20,533 ha of island area in 1975, and the results evidence consistency of sedimentation in the river bed.

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