scholarly journals Temporal Trends in the Rates of Singletons, Twins and Higher-order Multiple Births Over Five Decades Across Racial Groups in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-259
Author(s):  
Liye Wang ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Hamisu M. Salihu
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
The Us ◽  
Work First ◽  
Open Access Article

We analysed Natality data obtained from the National Vital Statistics System from 1971 through 2018. Overall, the rates of singletons declined among all racial groups over the five decades of the study. However, the rates of twins and higher-order multiples increased over the same period although for the past two decades, the rates of higher-order multiples had substantially plummeted. The global health implication of these findings is that policy changes in the US in the form of professional practice guidelines have succeeded in reducing the birth of vulnerable populations (i.e., higher-order multiples) who are predominantly created using assisted reproductive technology. Key words: • Trends in Multiple Gestations • US • Black • White • Singletons • Twins • Higher-order multiples   Copyright © 2020 Wang et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals A Framework for Protecting Pregnant Women in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Veronica Ajewole ◽  
Kiydra Harris ◽  
Emmanuella Oduguwa ◽  
Theresa Ofili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Work First ◽  
Open Access Article

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, highlighted and compounded problems while posing new challenges for the pregnant population. Although individual organizations have provided disparate information, guidance, and updates on managing the pregnant population during the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to develop a collective model that highlights all the best practices needed to protect the pregnant population during the pandemic. To establish a standard for ensuring safety during the pandemic, we present a framework that describes best practices for the management of the pregnant population during the ongoing COVID-19pandemic.   Copyright © 2021 Dongarwar, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Palliative Measures and the Politics of Vulnerability

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
Isaac Omo-Ehiabhi Eranga
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Rate Of Spread ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Work First ◽  
Open Access Article

In a bid to slow the rate of spread of the virus, the Federal Government of Nigeria, on several occasions, imposed targeted lockdown measures in areas with rapid increase of Covid-19 cases. The states in which the federal government imposed the targeted lockdown included Lagos, Ogun, and the Federal Capital Territory in Abuja. Some States in the country imposed partial lockdown and closure of interstate boarders. Curfews have also been introduced in all the states nationwide. To alleviate the effects of the lockdown, the Federal Government of Nigeria rolled out palliative measures for targeted groups. However, lamentations have trailed the distribution of government palliatives by the masses. Citizens allege that the process of distribution of palliatives had been politicized. Key words: • Corona virus • Covid-19 • Nigeria • Palliatives   Copyright © 2020 Eranga. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals Risk of Stillbirth after Infertility Treatment in the United States: 2014-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152
Author(s):  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Hamisu Mohammed Salihu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Infertility Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
The Us ◽  
Open Access Article

To estimate the risk of stillbirth following infertility treatment in the United States (US), we analyzed data from the US Natality and Fetal Death files from 2014 to 2017. We built Cox proportional regression models to generate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for the risk of stillbirth among women who utilized various modalities of infertility treatment within the study period. Women who used any infertility treatment and, specifically, assisted reproductive technology (ART), had an elevated risk of stillbirth (HR: 1.21, 95% CI:1.09 -1.33) compared to women who did not use ART. We concluded that in this population, the risk of stillbirth was elevated among women using infertility treatment. Key words: • ART • Infertility treatment • Fertility enhancing drugs • Stillbirth in US   Copyright © 2020 Dongarwar and Salihu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial variations in freeze warnings in the conterminous United States: 2005–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 1379-1384
Author(s):  
Brandon Lawhorn ◽  
Robert C. Balling
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Southeastern Us ◽  
The Us ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Frost Free Period ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Trends

AbstractIt is well-documented that the United States (US), along with other mid-latitude land locations, has experienced warming in recent decades in response to changes in atmospheric composition. Among other changes, Easterling (2002) reported that the frost-free period is now longer across much of the US with the first frost in fall occurring later and the last freeze in spring occurring earlier. In this investigation, we explore spatial and temporal variations in all freeze warnings issued by the US National Weather Service. Freeze warning counts are highest in the southeastern US peaking overall in the spring and fall months. Freeze warnings tend to occur more toward summer moving northward and westward into more northerly states. Consistent with the warming in recent decades, we find statistically significant northward movements in freeze warning centroids in some months (December, February) across the study period (2005–2018). Detection of spatial and temporal trends in freeze warnings may be of interest to any number of scientists with applied climatological interests.

Hepatitis C Virus in Children: Trying to Overcome the Domestic and Global Challenges of Cases and Cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Perfect ◽  
Ravi Jhaveri
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Global Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Us ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Global Health Challenge

Abstract Over the last decade, Hepatitis C virus has persisted and evolved as a domestic and global health challenge for adults and children. The challenges involve both increased cases in the United States and cost of treatment both in the US and globally.

scholarly journals Yellow in Black and White: Representasi Identitas Asia oleh Rich Brian dalam Musik Hip-Hop di Amerika Serikat

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Nokia Putri Andika Lainsyamputty
Keyword(s):  
Hip Hop ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Asian Race ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
The Us ◽  
Stuart Hall ◽  
Chinese Descent

AbstractThe representation of the Asian race in the US music industry is still relatively small. However, Rich Brian, a person of Chinese descent with Indonesian nationality, succeeded in his career by carrying out the hip-hop genre that was firmly rooted in African-American (black) racial groups in the United States, a country which was dominated by Caucasian (white) races. This study aims to uncover how Brian represented his identity in the US hip-hop music scene using Stuart Hall's circuit of culture theory. The object of this research is the lyrics of several songs in Rich Brian's album. Through the analysis process, it was found that Brian did not cover the nationality and race identity he had. He precisely positioned himself on the spectrum of social identity. This then affects the representation of identity that he does in his songs, including revolving around the theme of the meaning of identity and stereotypes of the Asian race, as well as the struggles experienced by Asians who are part of minority groups in the United States.AbstrakRepresentasi ras Asia dalam industri musik Amerika Serikat masih tergolong sedikit. Namun Rich Brian, seseorang keturunan Tionghoa dan berkewarganegaraan Indonesia, berhasil berkarir dengan mengusung genre hip-hop yang berakar kuat pada kelompok ras Afrika-Amerika (black), di negara Amerika Serikat yang didominasi oleh ras kaukasian (white). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana Brian merepresentasikan identitasnya dalam skena musik hip-hop Amerika Serikat menggunakan teori sirkuit budaya oleh Stuart Hall. Objek dalam penelitian ini berupa lirik dari beberapa lagu dalam album milik Rich Brian. Melalui proses analisis, didapati bahwa Brian tidak menutupi identitas kewarganegaraan dan ras yang ia miliki. Ia justru memosisikan dirinya pada spektrum identitas sosial. Hal ini kemudian memengaruhi representasi identitas yang ia lakukan dalam lagu-lagunya, diantaranya berkisar pada tema pemaknaan identitas dan stereotip dari ras Asia, serta perjuangan yang dialami oleh orang Asia yang merupakan bagian dari kelompok minoritas di Amerika Serikat.

scholarly journals Trends and Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis among Reproductive Aged Women in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Chioma Ikedionwu ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Courtney Williams ◽  
Evelyn Odeh ◽  
Maylis Nkeng Peh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
The Us ◽  
Clinical Awareness

Background and Objective: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is endemic in several regions globally, but commonly regarded as a disease of travelers in the United States (US). The literature on leishmaniasis among hospitalized women in the US is very limited. The aim of this study was to explore trends and risk factors for leishmaniasis among hospitalized women of reproductive age within the US. Methods: We analyzed hospital admissions data from the 2002-2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample among women aged 15-49 years. We conducted descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses for factors associated with leishmaniasis. Utilizing logistic regression, we assessed the association between sociodemographic and hospital characteristics with leishmaniasis disease among hospitalized women of reproductive age in the US. Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends over time. Results: We analyzed 131,529,239 hospitalizations; among these, 207 cases of leishmaniasis hospitalizations were identified, equivalent to an overall prevalence of 1.57 cases per million during the study period. The prevalence of leishmaniasis was greatest among older women of reproductive age (35-49 years), Hispanics, those with Medicare, and inpatient stay in large teaching hospitals in the Northeast of the US. Hispanic women experienced a statistically significant increased odds of leishmaniasis diagnosis (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.19-4.06), compared to Non-Hispanic (NH) White women. Medicaid and Private Insurance appeared to serve as a protective factor in both unadjusted and adjusted models. We did not observe a statistically significant change in leishmaniasis rates over the study period. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Although the prevalence of leishmaniasis among women of reproductive age appears to be low in the US, some risk remains. Thus, appropriate educational, public health and policy initiatives are needed to increase clinical awareness and timely diagnosis/treatment of the disease.   Copyright © 2021 Ikedionwu, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Temporal Trends of Myocardial Infarction Hospitalizations Among Pregnant Women in the United States: 2009-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Brisa Garcia ◽  
Nisha Jacob ◽  
Hamisu Salihu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Race Ethnicity

There has been an increase in the incidence of Myocardial Infarction (MI) among pregnant women in the United States. There have been no studies examining the trends in the rates of gestational MI hospitalizations by race/ethnicity;and therefore, we undertook this study. No prior studies have examined the trends in the rates of gestational MI hospitalizations by race and ethnicity. In this study, we examined temporal trends of MI-related hospitalizations among pregnant women using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset from 2009 to 2018. We performed joinpoint regression analyses to assess trends in the rates of MI by race/ethnicity during the study period. Overall, there was an increase in the rates of MI among pregnant women during the study period (from 9.7 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2009 to 18.1 per 100,000 hospitalizations in 2018) with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 7.2, (95% Confidence Interval (CI)=[4.0, 10.5]. The overall rate of MI was highest in non-Hispanic (NH)-Blacks and the greatest increments in rates of MI-related hospitalizations were noted in NH-Blacks during 2013-2018, and in Hispanics during the entire study period (2009-2018). NH-Blacks and Hispanics bear a disproportionately high burden of MI among pregnant women in the US. More worrisome is the first-ever reported finding in this study of a widening Black-White disparity in MI-related hospitalizations over the past decade.   Copyright © Dongarwar et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

Abstract T P137: Temporal Trends in Hospitalization for Ischemic Stroke in the United States, 2000-2010

Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerses Sanossian ◽  
May A Kim-Tenser ◽  
Lucas Ramirez ◽  
Natalie Valle ◽  
Steven Cen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
The Us ◽  
Age Adjusted Rates ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Recent population-based studies have revealed declining ischemic stroke hospitalization rates in the US, particularly among whites, but no study has assessed recent nationwide trends in race/ethnic-, age- and sex-specific stroke hospitalization rates in the US. Aims: To assess temporal trends in race/ethnic-, age-, and sex-specific rates of hospitalization for ischemic stroke in the US. Methods: Temporal trends in hospitalization for ischemic stroke (ICD-9 codes 433.x1, 434, 436) from 2000 to 2010 were assessed among adults ≥25 years using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Age-, sex-, and race/ethnic-specific stroke hospitalization rates were calculated using the weighted number of hospitalizations as the numerator and the US civilian population as the denominator. Age-adjusted rates were standardized to the 2000 US Census population. Results: From 2000 to 2010, age-adjusted stroke hospitalization rates decreased from 169 to 138 per 100,000 (overall rate reduction 18.3%). The decline in stroke hospitalizations was driven by the ≥65 age group, with the sharpest decline among 65-84 year olds (Figure). Sex-specific rates showed higher age-adjusted rates in women, with a steeper reduction in women than in men (from 228 to 180 vs. 183 to 157 per 100,000). Race/ethnic-specific trends revealed that hospitalizations decreased for whites and Hispanics but increased for blacks (from 144 to 193 per 100,000 in black men and from 191 to 211 per 100,000 in black women). Discussion: Although overall stroke hospitalizations have decreased in the US, the reduction has been more pronounced among older individuals, whites and Hispanics. Renewed efforts at targeting risk factor control among blacks and middle-aged individuals may be warranted. Figure 1.

Statistics and Swedish `Sambos'

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 882-882
Author(s):  
STEVEN R. ALLEN
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
The Us

To the Editor.— I read with interest Myron E. Wegman's comments about infant mortality in Sweden in "Annual Summary of Vital Statistics—1991" (Pediatrics. 1992;90:835-845). It is necessary to understand a major difference between Sweden and the United States that renders Swedish statistics on out-of-wedlock birth irrelevant to the US statistics. The vast majority of children born out-of-wedlock in Sweden are nevertheless born into a stable two-parent family; many Sweden simply choose to live together without being married.

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