THE ODD ROCKS OF MOUNTAIN BELTS

1974 ◽  
pp. 128-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. FISCHER
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Belts

Sedelnikovaea baicalensis (Lecanoraceae) — new lichen genus and species for Europe

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-416
Author(s):  
T. V. Makryi
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Northeastern Siberia ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vast Range

Sedelnikovaea baicalensis, the Siberian-Central Asian lichen species, is recorded for the first time for Europe. Based on all the known localities, including those first-time reported from Baikal Siberia, the peculiarities of the ecology and distribution of this species are discussed, the map of its distribution is provided. It is concluded that the species was erroneously considered earlier as a Central Asian endemic. The center of the present range of this lichen is the steppes of Southern Siberia and Mongolia. Assumptions are made that S. baicalensis is relatively young (Paleogene-Neogene) species otherwise it would have a vast range extending beyond Asia, and also that the Yakut locations of this species indicate that in the Pleistocene its range was wider and covered a significant part of the Northeastern Siberia but later underwent regression. Based on the fact that in the mountains of Central Asia the species is found only in the upper mountain belts, it is proposed to characterize it as «cryo-arid xerophyte» in contrast to «arid xerophytes». A conclusion is made that the presence of extensive disjunctions of S. baicalensis range between the Southern Pre-Urals and the Altai-Sayan Mountains or the Mountains of Central Asia is unlikely; the lichen is most likely to occur in the Urals and most of Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Trans-lithospheric diapirism explains the presence of ultra-high pressure rocks in the European Variscides

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Maierová ◽  
Karel Schulmann ◽  
Pavla Štípská ◽  
Taras Gerya ◽  
Ondrej Lexa
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Classical Concept ◽  
Plate Interface ◽  
Ultra High Pressure ◽  
Common Process ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
Collisional Orogens ◽  
Rock Association ◽  
European Variscides

AbstractThe classical concept of collisional orogens suggests that mountain belts form as a crustal wedge between the downgoing and overriding plates. However, this orogenic style is not compatible with the presence of (ultra-)high pressure crustal and mantle rocks far from the plate interface in the Bohemian Massif of Central Europe. Here we use a comparison between geological observations and thermo-mechanical numerical models to explain their formation. We suggest that continental crust was first deeply subducted, then flowed laterally underneath the lithosphere and eventually rose in the form of large partially molten trans-lithospheric diapirs. We further show that trans-lithospheric diapirism produces a specific rock association of (ultra-)high pressure crustal and mantle rocks and ultra-potassic magmas that alternates with the less metamorphosed rocks of the upper plate. Similar rock associations have been described in other convergent zones, both modern and ancient. We speculate that trans-lithospheric diapirism could be a common process.

Tectonic inversion and structural inheritance in mountain belts

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 1891-1892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Butler ◽  
Enrico Tavarnelli ◽  
Mario Grasso
Keyword(s):  
Structural Inheritance ◽  
Tectonic Inversion ◽  
Mountain Belts

Crustal mechanics control the geometry of mountain belts. Insights from numerical modelling

2017 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Vogt ◽  
Liviu Matenco ◽  
Sierd Cloetingh
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Mountain Belts

scholarly journals Chemical weathering in active mountain belts controlled by stochastic bedrock landsliding

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Emberson ◽  
Niels Hovius ◽  
Albert Galy ◽  
Odin Marc
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Mountain Belts

Microseismicity in the Eastern Alps: Preliminary Results From the Swath-D Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rens Hofman ◽  
Joern Kummerow ◽  
Simone Cesca ◽  
Joachim Wassermann ◽  
Thomas Plenefisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Network Methods ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Geophysical Processes ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Mountain Belts ◽  
Surrounding Areas

<p>The AlpArray seismological experiment is an international and interdisciplinary project to advance our understanding of geophysical processes in the greater Alpine region. The heart of the project consists of a large seismological array that covers the mountain range and its surrounding areas. To understand how the Alps and their neighbouring mountain belts evolved through time, we can only study its current structure and processes. The Eastern Alps are of prime interest since they currently demonstrate the highest crustal deformation rates. A key question is how these surface processes are linked to deeper structures. The Swath-D network is an array of temporary seismological stations complementary to the AlpArray network located in the Eastern Alps. This creates a unique opportunity to investigate high resolution seismicity on a local scale.</p><p>In this study, a combination of waveform-based detection methods was used to find small earthquakes in the large data volume of the Swath-D network. Methods were developed to locate the seismic events using semi-automatic picks, and estimate event magnitudes. We present an overview of the methods and workflow, as well as a preliminary overview of the seismicity in the Eastern Alps.</p>

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