Effects of Sedimentation Rate, Rate of Relative Rise in Sea Level, and Duration of Sea-Level Cycle on the Filling of Incised Valleys: Examples of Filled and “Overfilled” Incised Valleys From the Upper Ferron Sandstone, Last Chance Delta, East-Central Utah, U.S.A.

2006 ◽  
pp. 239-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES R. GARRISON ◽  
T.C.V. van den BERGH
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
East Central ◽  
Incised Valleys

scholarly journals Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Kraków-Silesia Homocline, Poland

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Gedl ◽  
Andrzej Kaim ◽  
Paulina Leonowicz ◽  
Andrzej Boczarowski ◽  
Teresa Dudek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Photic Zone ◽  
Phytoplankton Assemblages ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Organic Particles

ABSTRACT Gedl, P., Kaim, A., Leonowicz, P., Boczarowski, A., Dudek, T., Kędzierski, M., Rees, J., Smoleń, J., Szczepanik, P., Sztajner, P., Witkowska, M. and Ziaja, J. 2012. Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn, Krakow-Silesia Homocline, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 62(3), 463-484. Warszawa. Multidisciplinary studies of the Middle-Upper Bathonian ore-bearing clays at Gnaszyn revealed variable palaeoenvironmental conditions during the deposition of this seemingly monotonous sequence. We interpret the conditions in the bottom environment and the photic zone, and also evaluate the influence of the adjacent land areas, based on sedimentology, geochemistry, sporomorphs and palynofacies composition, benthic (foraminifera, gastropods, bivalves, scaphopods, echinoderms), planktonic (calcareous nannoplankton, dinoflagellate cysts), and nektonic (sharks) fossils. The Gnaszyn succession originated relatively close to the shore, within reach of an intense supply of terrestrial fine clastic and organic particles. The latter are mainly of terrestrial origin and range from 1.5 to 2.5 wt.%. The precise water depth is difficult to estimate but most likely ranges from several tens of metres to a few hundred metres. All fossil groups show minor changes throughout the succession. As the climate seems to have been quite stable during this period we consider sea-level fluctuations to have been the main factor responsible for the changes. The terrestrial input, including freshwater and land-derived clastic and organic particles (sporomorphs and cuticles), increased during periods of sea-level lowstand. As a consequence, stress conditions (lower salinity, higher nutrient availability, lower water transparency) in the photic zone caused blooms of opportunistic planktonic taxa. Furthermore, a faster sedimentation rate led to oxygen depletion and deterioration of the living conditions in the bottom environment due to an increased accumulation of organic matter. As a result, the benthic biota became taxonomically impoverished and commonly dominated by juvenile forms. During periods of high sea level, the source areas were shifted away from the basin, resulting in a decrease in the terrestrial influx, increase in the salinity of surface waters, the appearance of more diverse phytoplankton assemblages, a lower sedimentation rate, and an improvement of living conditions at the bottom.

scholarly journals Outer- to inner-shelf response to stepped sea-level rise: Insights from incised valleys and submerged shorelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
pp. 105979 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pretorius ◽  
A.N. Green ◽  
J.A.G. Cooper ◽  
A. Hahn ◽  
M. Zabel
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Inner Shelf ◽  
Incised Valleys

Comparison of wave-and tide-dominated incised valleys: specific processes controlling systems tract architecture and reservoir geometry

2010 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugues Fenies ◽  
Gilles Lericolais ◽  
Henry W. Posamentier
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
Tidal Inlet ◽  
The South ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
Incised Valley ◽  
Valley Fill ◽  
Incised Valleys ◽  
Valley Fills ◽  
Sequence Boundaries

Abstract This paper presents a comparison between the system tract architecture and the reservoir geometries of the Gironde and Leyre (Arcachon) incised-valley fills, both located within the Bay of Biscay 100 km apart. This study, based on high resolution seismic lines acquired by Ifremer on the continental shelf and onshore core and well data, illustrates that some features of the Gironde and Leyre valleys fills are similar while some others are not. The architecture of both valley fills is characterized by fifth order depositional sequences (corresponding to an interval from 120000 yr B.P. to present day). Both valleys are filled predominantly with transgressive systems tract, with associated poorly developed lowstand and highstand systems tracts. Key stratigraphic surfaces punctuate the valley-fill architecture and comprise deeply eroding tidal ravinement surfaces merged with and enhancing, earlier formed, fluvial-related erosive sequence boundaries. These tidal ravinement surfaces can be undulatory in form and in most places mark the basal boundary of the incised valleys. In contrast, nearly horizontal wave ravinement surfaces cap the incised-valley fills, extending over the adjacent interfluves. The Gironde and Leyre (Arcachon) valley fills exhibit two main stratigraphic differences: 1) transgressive systems tract sand bodies are ribbon shaped within the Gironde and tabular shaped within the Leyre; 2) lowstand systems tract deposits, represented by fluvial sediments, are preserved within the Gironde but absent within the Leyre. In a wave- and tide-dominated environment, the geometry of the sandbodies within the transgressive systems tract is a function of the tidal ravinement processes, which characterizes the estuary inlet. Two categories of tidal ravinement processes can be distinguished here: “anchored tidal ravinement” and “sweeping tidal ravinement”. The Gironde estuary is characterized by an “anchored tidal ravinement”. The tidal inlet has remained largely in a fixed location; littoral drift has not shifted the tidal inlet to the south because it is constrained by resistive Eocene carbonates that define the margins of the Gironde incised valley. In contrast, the Leyre estuary is characterized by a “sweeping tidal ravinement”. The inlet has been shifted approximately 30 km to the south by the formation of a littoral drift associated spit. This extensive lateral shifting was made possible by the fact that the incised valley was cut into unconsolidated, easily eroded Pleistocene sands. Within a wave- and tide-dominated environment, the preservation potential of the lowstand systems tract is a function of the size of the fluvial drainage basin. During lowstand time, the erosive power of the fluvial discharge was much greater within the much larger Gironde valley, consequently the fluvial sequence boundary was cut much deeper in the Gironde valley than within the Leyre valley and, correspondingly, the thickness of the associated fluvial deposits was commensurately greater. In response, the lowstand systems tract was not preserved within the Leyre valley fill because the depth of tidal ravinement erosion formed during the sea-level rise and associated transgression was greater than that associated with fluvial incision generated during the sea-level fall.

A late Albian ammonite assemblage from the mid- Cretaceous succession at Annopol, Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Kennedy ◽  
Marcin Machalski
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Ammonite Zones

Abstract A previously unrecorded ammonite assemblage, comprising Lepthoplites sp., Callihoplites tetragonus (Seeley, 1865), C. cf. tetragonus, Arrhaphoceras cf. substuderi Spath, 1923, Cantabrigites sp., Stoliczkaiella (Stoliczkaiella) sp., Hamites cf. duplicatus Pictet and Campiche, 1861, H. cf. subvirgulatus Spath, 1941, and H. cf. venetzianus Pictet, 1847, is described from the mid-Cretaceous condensed succession at Annopol, Poland. These specimens are preserved as pale phosphates or sandstone moulds in a bed of reworked phosphatic nodules near the top of the Albian. This assemblage has many species in common with the late late Albian faunas from condensed deposits of England, Switzerland, and France. The presence of Callihoplites tetragonus indicates the lowermost upper upper Albian Mortoniceras fallax Zone. The ammonites studied are the youngest elements in the phosphate bed, which also contains taxa as old as the middle Albian Hoplites dentatus Zone. This bed originated through condensation and reworking of nodules and fossils in a period of low net sedimentation rate, being probably a reflection of a sea-level drop at the boundary between the classic ammonite zones of Mortoniceras inflatum and Stoliczkaiella dispar.

The origin of elevated plateaus along passive continental margins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan M. Bonow ◽  
Peter Japsen ◽  
Paul F. Green ◽  
James A. Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Passive Margins ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Incised Valleys ◽  
Break Up ◽  
High Level

<p>Many passive continental margins around the world are characterised by elevated plateaus at 1 to 2 km or more above sea level cut by deeply incised valleys and commonly separated from an adjacent coastal plain by one or more escarpments. Mesozoic–Cenozoic rift systems parallel to the coast are commonly present offshore with a transition from continental to oceanic crust further offshore. These landscapes occur in arctic, temperate and tropical climate and in different geological settings independent of the time span since break-up (e.g. along the Atlantic from south to north).</p><p>The plateaux are typically more than 100 km wide, much larger in some cases, and extend hundreds of kilometres along the margin, cutting across bedrock of different ages and resistances. The key to understanding the formation of regional, low-relief erosion surfaces is the base-level, as this is the level to which fluvial systems grade the landscape. The most likely base level is sea level, particularly for locations along continental margins during the post-rift development of passive margins.</p><p>It is commonly assumed that the characteristic, large-scale morphology of elevated, passive continental margins with  high-level plateaux and deeply incised valleys persisted since rifting and crustal separation Further, it is assumed that the absence of post-rift sediments is evidence of non-deposition, despite continental-stretching theory predicting deposition of a thick post-rift sequence overlying both the rift and its margins.</p><p>However, our studies of the passive continental margins of West and East Greenland, Norway, NE Brazil and southern Africa provide evidence of km-scale, post-rift subsidence and that the plateau surfaces were graded to sea level long after break-up and subsequently lifted to their present elevations. In some of these cases, the presence of post-rift marine sediments at high elevation provide direct proof of this interpretation. Since elevated plateaux cut by deeply incised valleys are a characteristic feature of these and other margins, this similarity suggests that such topography elsewhere in the world may also be unrelated to the processes of rifting and continental separation. We present a wide range of evidence from passive margins around the world in support of this hypothesis,</p><p> </p><p>Bonow et al. 2014: High-level landscapes along the margin of East Greenland – a record of tectonic uplift and incision after breakup in the NE Atlantic. Global and Planetary Change.</p><p>Green et al. 2018: Post-breakup burial and exhumation of passive continental margins: Seven propositions to inform geodynamic models. Gondwana Research.</p><p>Japsen et al. 2019: Elevated passive continental margins: Numerical modeling vs observations. A comment on Braun (2018). Gondwana Research.</p>

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Autogenic delta progradation during sea-level rise within incised valleys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Guerit ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Incised Valleys ◽  
Delta Progradation

Three supplemental figures, one table, and supplemental text.<br>

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: Autogenic delta progradation during sea-level rise within incised valleys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Guerit ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Incised Valleys ◽  
Delta Progradation

Three supplemental figures, one table, and supplemental text.<br>

Inoceramid stratigraphy and depositional architecture of the Campanian and Maastrichtian of the Miechów Synclinorium (southern Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jurkowska
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Microfacies Analysis ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Lower Maastrichtian ◽  
Depositional Architecture

AbstractDynamic evolution of the Campanian and Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Miechow Synclinorium is presented. Through chronostratigraphic analysis, the geometry of the Campanian and Maastrichtian of the area is interpreted, while microfacies analysis allowed determination of some of the paleoenvironmental parameters (rate of sedimentation, bottom condition and terrigenous input). The chronostratigraphy is based on inoceramid biostratigraphy. Nine inoceramid zones are recognized: Sphenoceramus patootensiformis, Sphaeroceramus sarumensis-Cataceramus dariensis and ‘Inoceramus’ azerbaydjanensis-‘Inoceramus’ vorhelmensis, ‘Inoceramus’ tenuilineatus, Sphaeroceramus pertenuiformis, ‘Inoceramus’ inkermanensis and ‘Inoceramus’ costaecus- ‘Inoceramus’ redbirdensis (Campanian); Endocostea typica and Trochoceramus radiosus (Maastrichtian). Five unconformities (isochronous in the study area) represented by horizons of slower sedimentation rate, were recognized. They correlate with eustatic sea-level changes, well recorded in European successions (Jarvis et al. 2002, 2006; Niebuhr et al. 2011). Unconformity horizons allow six alloformations to be distinguished. The thickness of particular chronostratigraphic units within the Campanian and Lower Maastrichtian increases progressively toward the axis of the Danish-Polish Trough, which indicates that the inversion of the trough could not have started before the Late Maastrichtian.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document