scholarly journals PEMODELAN NERACA AIR TANAH UNTUK PENDUGAAN SURPLUS DAN DEFISIT AIR UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN PANGAN DI KABUPATEN MERAUKE, PAPUA

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Fadjry Djufry
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
High Water ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Crop Planting ◽  
Water Holding

<div data-canvas-width="358.44029759999995">Water balance modeling is one approach that can be used to predict the dynamics of soil water content for plant growth, so it can calculate the amount of crop water requirements, particularly at critical periods during which the soil moisture content is very low and in normal circumstan ces. The experiment was</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">conducted April-November 2010 in Merauke district of Papua provi nce. The collect ion of clim ate data (rainfall, temperature, humidity), land information</div><div data-canvas-width="377.97478992">(based on soil type and land use map, primarily to det ermine water holding ca pacit y and root z one depthof the soils). Land water balance analysis was con ducted for each a nalysi s of distri cts using Thornthwaite and Mather (1957). Furthermore, the results of water balance of land was mapping used the geographic information system (GIS) method for knowing the districts that have the periods of water deficit or water surplus. The results showed that the dom inant patterns of rai nfall in t he district of Merauke is pattern A is a pattern that suggests that there is a clear di fferen ce between the a mount of rai nfall duri ng th e rain y sea son t o dry season. Merauke district experienced a period of water deficit of about 4-7 months for a year. Sub districts that have a period and a high amount of water deficit isKuprik for 7 consecutive months. Sub districts that have a short period of deficit 4 months is Jagebob, Kimaan and Muting. The potential for planting food crops in Merauke district ranges from 5-7 months. The surplus per iod i s about 3-6 mont hs of November to May/June. Sub districts that have a longer period surplus isJagebob and Kimaant is 6 months. The most of the sub districts (6 sub districts) in the Merauke district</div><div data-canvas-width="377.8404167999999">has a surplus of water&gt; 1000 mm / year. There are only two sub districts that have surplus water &lt;1000 mm / year is Kupri k and Sota. Sub distri cts t hat</div><div data-canvas-width="377.5044839999999">obtain high water surplus for the year is Semangga. Pot ential of th e short growing season found in Kuprik (3 months) while the potential of the growing</div><div data-canvas-width="377.52128063999993">season is long (6 months) in almost every sub district (Semangga, Okaba, Muting Kimaan, and Sota). Water bal ance model is developed en ough valid for</div><div data-canvas-width="345.38930831999994">predicting soil water availability and timing of food crop planting in Merauke district of Papua province </div>

scholarly journals Extreme Hydrologic Events in North Area of Buenos Aires Province (Argentina)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Daniel Capriolo ◽  
Olga Eugenia Scarpati
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Balance ◽  
Buenos Aires Province ◽  
Soil Water Deficit ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Wilting Point

This paper presents the soil water deficit and soil water surplus obtained from soil water balance in three drainage areas of Buenos Aires province for the period from 1971 to 2010. The soil water balance had been performed using the evapotranspiration formula of Penman-Monteith and considering the soil water constants: field capacity, soil water moisture, and soil wilting point for all the different types of soils of the region. The obtained soil water deficit and surplus are considered as triggers of extreme hydrologic events. Annual threshold values of 200 mm of soil water deficit and 300 mm of soil water surplus were considered for drought and flood, respectively. It was found that almost the 25% of the floods are severe and extreme while the 50% of droughts were of these intensities. Mann-Kendall statistical test was performed, and significance trends at level 0.1 were found for drought and for two periods, one of twenty years (1991–2010) and the other of ten years (2001–2010). As a sample of the temporal evolution of both events and their trends, the results of one locality (Junin) were deeply analyzed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS NERACA AIR PADA SUB DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI CODE YOGYAKARTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Alvin Pradana ◽  
Ratna Septi Hendrasari
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Irrigation Planning ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Thiessen Polygon ◽  
Balance Analysis ◽  
Water Surplus

Abstract Water is one of the sources of human life. Population growth continues to increase and results in higher utilization of water sources. This will certainly affect the availability of water in the city of Yogyakarta. Water balance is a comparison between the water availability potential and the water demand of a place in a certain period. Water balance analysis is useful for knowing the amount of excess water (surplus) or lack of water (deficit) so that water use can be managed as well as possible. The calculation was done by analyzing the 10-year rainfall data using the Thiessen Polygon method to obtain the mean rainfall value. The available debit was calculated using the F.J. Mock method. The dependable discharge was calculated with 80% reliability from the 10-year debit data. The debit data was sorted from the largest to the smallest value, so that a probability value of 80% was obtained from the interpolation of the data sequence. Water demand was calculated based on the irrigation planning standard (KP-01). The results of the study show that the average water availability in the sub-watershed of Code River Yogyakarta was 527.92lt/sec. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest water deficit occurred in the first October at 278.40 l/sec and the lowest deficit was in the second July at 73.01 l/sec. However, the availability of water in certain months was quite abundant. Therefore, it is necessary to do a special study so that water is not wasted and can be used to cover water shortages in dry months. Keywords: Water balance, Water availability, Water demand, Code river, Thiessen polygon, FJ mock

scholarly journals Drought resistance of sugar-cane crop for different levels of water availability in the soil

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando da S. Barbosa ◽  
Rubens D. Coelho ◽  
Rafael Maschio ◽  
Carlos J. G. de S. Lima ◽  
Everaldo M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Different Levels

Soil water availability is the main cause of reduced productivity, and the early development period most sensitive to water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the drought resistance of the varieties of sugar-cane RB867515 and SP81-3250 during the early development using different levels of water deficit on four soil depths. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Biosystems at Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (ESALQ/USP) in a greenhouse in soil classified as Oxisol, sandy loam texture (Series "Sertãozinho"). Once exhausted the level of available water in the soil, the dry strength of the studied strains are relatively low. Water balance with values less than -13 mm cause a significant decrease in the final population of plants, regardless of the variety, and values below -35 mm, leads to the death of all plants.

scholarly journals Evaluation of drought resistance of primocane raspberry on some parameters of water metabolism in the conditions of Bryansk region

2019 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
I. V. Alexeenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Great Yield ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Lower Water Content ◽  
Intensive Growth

The results of comparative study of productivity and some parameters of water metabolism of primocane raspberry varieties in the conditions of Bryansk region are presented. The purpose of the work was to evaluate drought-resistance of original varieties and select on her basis the most valuable genotypes. There were studied 8 primocane raspberry varieties: Bryanskoe divo, Karamelka, Podarok Kashinu, Snezhet, Pingvin, Poklon Kazakovu, Oranzhevoe chudo and Rubinovoe ozherelye. In laboratory conditions, an evaluation was made of the total water content, water deficit, and water holding capacity of the leaves during critical periods of plant water availability. It was established that the greatest amount of water in the leaves (65.63 %) is contained in the phenophase “intensive growth”; less-in the phenophase “budding” (60.73 %), even lower water content – in the phenophase “fruiting” (58.02 %).The water deficit decreased on vegetation phases, but at the same time he was on average level (11,42-16.68 %). The leaves of raspberry varieties Podarok Kashinu and Poklon Kazakovu marked a low level of water deficiency in the phenophase “fruiting” (9.2-9.8 %). The water-holding ability increased on vegetation phases. Among the studied assortment, the leaves of the varieties Poklon Kazakovu and Podarok Kashinu relatively slowly lost water after 4 hours of wilting (water loss 19.35-26.86 %). The yield data of raspberry varieties in drought conditions are presented. The varieties Poklon Kazakovu and Podarok Kashinu have been characterized by a relatively great yield. On the basis of the study of productivity and water metabolism parameters, relatively drought-resistant primocane raspberry varieties were identified: Poklon Kazakovu and Podarok Kashinu.

scholarly journals Analysis of soil and vegetation patterns in semi-arid Mediterranean landscapes by way of a conceptual water balance model

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Portoghese ◽  
V. Iacobellis ◽  
M. Sivapalan
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Mediterranean Landscapes ◽  
Soil Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. This paper investigates the impact of various vegetation types on water balance variability in semi-arid Mediterranean landscapes, and the different strategies they may have developed to succeed in such water-limited environments. The existence of preferential associations between soil water holding capacity and vegetation species is assessed through an extensive soil geo-database focused on a study region in Southern Italy. Water balance constraints that dominate the organization of landscapes are investigated by a conceptual bucket approach. The temporal water balance dynamics are modelled, with vegetation water use efficiency being parameterized through the use of empirically obtained crop coefficients as surrogates of vegetation behavior in various developmental stages. Sensitivity analyses with respect to the root zone depth and soil water holding capacity are carried out with the aim of explaining the existence of preferential soil-vegetation associations and, hence, the spatial distribution of vegetation types within the study region. Based on these sensitivity analyses the degrees of suitability and adaptability of each vegetation type to parts of the study region are explored with respect of the soil water holding capacity, and the model results were found consistent with the observed affinity patterns.

scholarly journals Influence of Climate Change on Soil Water Regime in Koprivnica-Križevci County

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrija Spoljar ◽  
Ivica Kisic ◽  
Tomislava Peremin Volf ◽  
Dragutin Kamenjak ◽  
Drazen Kaucic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Soil Water Regime ◽  
Plant Water Potential ◽  
Climate Station

AbstractSpoljar A., Kisic I., Peremin Volf, T., Kamenjak D., Kaucic D.: Influence of climate change on soil water regime in Koprivnica-Krizevci County. Ekológia (Bratislava), Vol. 33, No. 2, p. 178-187, 2014.The influence of climate change on soil water regime was investigated in the area of Koprivnica- -Krizevci County (Republic of Croatia). Water balance calculations were done for three climatic stations using Thornthwaite and Palmer water balance methods. In the 18-year period (from 1991 to 2008), compared with the previously observed 30-year period (from 1961 to 1990), the increase in average mean annual temperature was 1°C. Regarding the global warming, there was an increase in plant water potential during the investigated period. Compared with the previous period and according to Thornthwaite and Palmer methods, there was an increase in water deficit. Negative linear trend in precipitation was detected for all climate stations in the investigated area (p > 0.05) as well as positive linear trend in mean annual temperature (p < 0.05). The calculation of linear trend in water deficit in soil, according to Thornthwaite method, shows that by the year 2020 there could be an increase in water deficit by an average of 13 mm (p > 0.05), whereas according to the Palmer method there could be an increase by an average of 9 mm (p < 0.05 only for the climate station in Krizevci).

scholarly journals Effects of water deficit on the growth and yield formation of maize (Zea mays L.)

2017 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Mahama Salifu
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
The World ◽  
Soil Water Holding Capacity ◽  
Water Holding

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the most important consuming cereal crop in the world after rice and wheat. This requires an understanding of various management practices as well as conditions that affect maize crop performance. Water deficit stress during crop production is one of the most serious threats to crop production in most parts of the world and drought stress or water deficit is an inevitable and recurring feature of global agriculture and it is against this background that field study of crops response to water deficit is very important to crop producer and researchers to maximize yield and improve crop production in this era of unpredicted climatic changes the world over.A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effects of water deficit on growth and yield formation of maize. Two maize cultivars were used Xundan20 and Zhongdan5485. Three levels of soil water content were used in two stages of water control levels at two stages of the maize plant development1. The JOINTING STAGE: A. CONTROL (CK) soil water content: from 70% to 80% of soil water holding capacity at the field, soil water content: from 55% to 65% of soil water holding capacity at the field, soil water content: from 40% to 50% of the Soil water holding capacity at the field.2. The BIG FLARE PERIOD: A. CONTROL (CK) soil water content: from 75% to 85% of soil water holding capacity at the field, soil water content: from 58% to 68% of soil water holding capacity at the field, soil water content: from 45% to 55% of the soil water holding capacity at the field.This research mainly studied the effects of water deficit on physiological, morphology and the agronomical characteristics of the maize plant at the different water stress levels.The importance of these results in this experiment will enable plant producers to focus and have a fair idea as to which stage of the maize plant’s development that much attention must be given to in terms of water supply.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA WAKTU TANAM DENGAN HASIL DAN PROFITABILITAS BUDIDAYA KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum l.) DI CIKAJANG, GARUTRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PLANTING TIME AND YIELD AS WELL AS PROFITABILITY OF GROWING POTATO ...

Agromet ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Rakhmat Hanafi Ajis ◽  
I Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Balance Analysis

Relationships between planting time and yield as well as profitability of growing potato were investigated in Cikajang, Garut, based on water balance analysis and survey to potato farmers of the area. In general, there were three planting dates namely December-January, April-May and August-September. Yield and profitability of growing potato for planting time of August-September was less compared to the other two planting times due to lack of soil-water availability related to less rainfall as well as its high rainfall variability during dry season (coefficient of variation = 133%). Yields of potato for planting times December-January, April-May and August-September were (21.4 + 3.4), (20.5 + 3.5) and (16.9 + 2.2) tonnes/ha, respectively.Relationships between planting time and yield as well as profitability of growing potato were investigated in Cikajang, Garut, based on water balance analysis and survey to potato farmers of the area. In general, there were three planting dates namely December-January, April-May and August-September. Yield and profitability of growing potato for planting time of August-September was less compared to the other two planting times due to lack of soil-water availability related to less rainfall as well as its high rainfall variability during dry season (coefficient of variation = 133%). Yields of potato for planting times December-January, April-May and August-September were (21.4 + 3.4), (20.5 + 3.5) and (16.9 + 2.2) tonnes/ha, respectively.

scholarly journals Penentuan Musim Tanam Berdasarkan Perhitungan Neraca Air Lahan di Daerah Saumlaki, Pulau Yamdena

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179
Author(s):  
Jenly F Uspessy ◽  
Samuel Laimeheriwa ◽  
Jacob R Patty
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Climate Forecasts ◽  
Water Surplus ◽  
Land Water

Climate information/data of a region plays an important role in agricultural development in the region, because by utilizing the knowledge of the relationship between crops and climate, forecasts can be made of planting time, harvest time, drought (water deficit), flood (water surplus), pest attack and disease, determining the appropriate type of crop, and so on. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of soil water and to determine the growing season in the Saumlaki area based on two rainfall conditions. This study used monthly rainfall data for 30 years (1990-2019) as well as other climatic data, such as air temperature, air humidity, sunshine duration and wind speed for 15 years (2005-2019). Computing of the water balance was carried out using Thornthwaite-Mather Method, and determination of growing season using soil water in optimum condition. Based on the calculation of the land water balance in the rainfall conditions there was a 75% chance of being surpassed by the groundwater deficit in the Saumlaki area which lasted for 6 months (June- November), whereas the value increases by 183 mm or 45.52% compared to normal conditions, that was from 402 mm to 585 mm. On the other hand, the groundwater surplus lasted only a month (May) and tended to decrease by 686 mm or 97.03% compared to normal conditions, from 707 mm to 21 mm. The optimum soil water content for plants in rainfall conditions was 75% chance of lasting for 6 months (January-June); 2 months shorter than the normal 8 months (December-July). In conditions of 75% chance of rainfall, the growing season in the Saumlaki area lasted for 7 months (December-June); a month shorter than the growing season in normal rainfall conditions of 8 months (December-July). Keywords: growing season, land water balance, rainfall, Saumlaki area   ABSTRAK Informasi/data iklim suatu tempat berperan penting dalam pengembangan pertanian di wilayah tersebut, karena dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan tentang hubungan antara tanaman dan iklim dapatlah dibuat prakiraan waktu tanam, waktu panen, kejadian kekeringan (defisit air), banjir (surplus air), serangan hama dan penyakit, penentuan jenis tanaman yang sesuai, dan sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai keberadaan air tanah dan menentukan musim tanam di Daerah Saumlaki pada dua kondisi curah hujan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data curah hujan bulanan selama 30 tahun (1990–2019) dan data iklim lainnya (suhu udara, kelembaban udara, lama penyinaran matahari kecepatan angin) selama 15 tahun (2005-2019). Perhitungan neraca air lahan menggunakan metode Thornthwaite-Mather, dan musim tanam ditentukan berdasarkan kondisi air tanah optimum. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca air lahan pada kondisi curah hujan berpeluang 75% untuk dilampaui, defisit air tanah di daerah Saumlaki berlangsung selama selama 6 bulan (Juni-November) yaitu nilainya bertambah sebesar 183 mm (45,52%) dibandingkan kondisi normalnya, yaitu dari 402 mm menjadi 585 mm. Sebaliknya surplus air tanah berlangsung hanya sebulan (Mei) dan cenderung berkurang sebesar 686 mm (97,03%) dibandingkan kondisi normalnya, yaitu dari 707 mm menjadi 21 mm. Kadar air tanah yang optimum bagi tanaman pada kondisi curah hujan peluang 75% berlangsung selama 6 bulan (Januari-Juni); lebih pendek 2 bulan dibandingkan kondisi normalnya 8 bulan (Desember-Juli). Pada kondisi curah hujan peluang 75%, musim tanam di daerah Saumlaki berlangsung selama 7 bulan (Desember-Juni); sebulan lebih pendek dibandingkan musim tanam pada kondisi curah hujan normalnya 8 bulan (Desember-Juli). Kata kunci : curah hujan, daerah Saumlaki, musim tanam, neraca air lahan

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