scholarly journals Vaginal douching among women of reproductive age in the United States: 1988.

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
S O Aral ◽  
W D Mosher ◽  
W Cates
2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073-1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria H. Coleman-Cowger ◽  
Wallace B. Pickworth ◽  
Robert A. Lordo ◽  
Erica N. Peters

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e00167
Author(s):  
Chioma Ikedionwu ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Manvir Kaur ◽  
Lisa Nunez ◽  
Annabella Awazi ◽  
...  

Contraception ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shannon ◽  
M. Veatch ◽  
E. Chong ◽  
K. Agnew ◽  
D. Nucatola ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Chioma Ikedionwu ◽  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Courtney Williams ◽  
Evelyn Odeh ◽  
Maylis Nkeng Peh ◽  
...  

Background and Objective: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is endemic in several regions globally, but commonly regarded as a disease of travelers in the United States (US). The literature on leishmaniasis among hospitalized women in the US is very limited. The aim of this study was to explore trends and risk factors for leishmaniasis among hospitalized women of reproductive age within the US. Methods: We analyzed hospital admissions data from the 2002-2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample among women aged 15-49 years. We conducted descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses for factors associated with leishmaniasis. Utilizing logistic regression, we assessed the association between sociodemographic and hospital characteristics with leishmaniasis disease among hospitalized women of reproductive age in the US. Joinpoint regression was used to examine trends over time. Results: We analyzed 131,529,239 hospitalizations; among these, 207 cases of leishmaniasis hospitalizations were identified, equivalent to an overall prevalence of 1.57 cases per million during the study period. The prevalence of leishmaniasis was greatest among older women of reproductive age (35-49 years), Hispanics, those with Medicare, and inpatient stay in large teaching hospitals in the Northeast of the US. Hispanic women experienced a statistically significant increased odds of leishmaniasis diagnosis (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.19-4.06), compared to Non-Hispanic (NH) White women. Medicaid and Private Insurance appeared to serve as a protective factor in both unadjusted and adjusted models. We did not observe a statistically significant change in leishmaniasis rates over the study period. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Although the prevalence of leishmaniasis among women of reproductive age appears to be low in the US, some risk remains. Thus, appropriate educational, public health and policy initiatives are needed to increase clinical awareness and timely diagnosis/treatment of the disease.   Copyright © 2021 Ikedionwu, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.


2010 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Dietz ◽  
D. Homa ◽  
L. J. England ◽  
K. Burley ◽  
V. T. Tong ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Strid ◽  
Lauren B. Zapata ◽  
Van T. Tong ◽  
Laura D. Zambrano ◽  
Kate R. Woodworth ◽  
...  

Abstract Importance: Pregnant people are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 compared with nonpregnant people. Limited information is available on the severity of COVID-19 attributable to the Delta variant, the predominant variant in the United States as of late June 2021, among pregnant persons.Objective: To assess risk for severe COVID-19 by pregnancy status and time period relative to Delta variant predominance. Design: Using a cross-sectional design, we describe characteristics of symptomatic women of reproductive age (WRA) with COVID-19 and calculate adjusted risk ratios for severe disease comparing pregnant with nonpregnant WRA during the pre-Delta period (January 1, 2020 – June 26, 2021) and the Delta period (June 27, 2021 – September 30, 2021). Additionally, we calculate adjusted risk ratios for severe disease comparing the Delta period with the pre-Delta period for pregnant and nonpregnant WRA.Setting: Reports of COVID-19 in the United States occurring from January 1, 2020 ─ September 30, 2021, submitted to the CDC.Participants: Pregnant and nonpregnant women aged 15-44 years.Exposure(s): Laboratory-confirmed, symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.Main Outcome(s): Severe disease: (intensive care unit [ICU] admission, receipt of invasive ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [ECMO], and death).Results: Among 1,856,428 cases of symptomatic COVID-19 in WRA, the risk for severe disease was increased among pregnant compared with nonpregnant WRA during the pre-Delta and Delta periods. Compared with the pre-Delta period, the risk of ICU admission during the Delta period was 66% higher (adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 1.66, 95% CI: 1.34-2.06) for pregnant WRA and 23% higher (aRR 1.23, 95% CI: 1.12-1.35) for nonpregnant WRA. The risk of invasive ventilation or ECMO was higher for pregnant and nonpregnant WRA in the Delta period. During the Delta period, the risk of death was 3.40 (95% CI: 2.36-4.91) times the risk in the pre-Delta period among pregnant WRA and 1.96 (95% CI: 1.75-2.18) among nonpregnant WRA. Conclusions and Relevance: The overall risk for severe COVID-19 among WRA remains low; however, symptomatic pregnant WRA remain at increased risk for severe outcomes compared with symptomatic nonpregnant WRA during Delta variant predominance. Compared with the pre-Delta period, pregnant and nonpregnant WRA are at increased risk for severe COVID-19 in the Delta period.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. e2029245
Author(s):  
Lauren Ralph ◽  
Diana G. Foster ◽  
Sarah Raifman ◽  
M. Antonia Biggs ◽  
Goleen Samari ◽  
...  

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