The Changing Epidemiology of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in the United States During the Years 2010 to 2018

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e7
Author(s):  
Deborah Holtzman ◽  
Alice K. Asher ◽  
Sarah Schillie
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
The Us ◽  
Acute Hcv ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
The Impact

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world, leading to serious health problems among those who are chronically infected. Since 1992, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has been collecting data on the incidence of HCV infection in the United States. In 2018, more than 50 000 individuals were estimated to have acute HCV infection. The most recently reported data on the prevalence of infection indicate that approximately 2.4 million people are living with hepatitis C in the United States. Transmission of HCV occurs predominantly through sharing contaminated equipment for injecting drugs. Two major events have had a significant impact on the incidence and prevalence of hepatitis C in the past few decades: the US opioid crisis and the discovery of curative treatments for HCV infection. To better understand the impact of these events, we examine reported trends in the incidence and prevalence of infection. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print March 18, 2021: e1–e7. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306149 )

Testing for Hepatitis C Virus Infection Among Adults Aged ≥18 in the United States, 2013-2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110472
Author(s):  
Hope King ◽  
J. E. Soh ◽  
William W. Thompson ◽  
Jessica Rogers Brown ◽  
Karina Rapposelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Hcv Testing

Objective Approximately 2.4 million people in the United States are living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The objective of our study was to describe demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, liver disease–related risk factors, and modifiable health behaviors associated with self-reported testing for HCV infection among adults. Methods Using data on adult respondents aged ≥18 from the 2013-2017 National Health Interview Survey, we summarized descriptive data on sociodemographic characteristics and liver disease–related risk factors and stratified data by educational attainment. We used weighted logistic regression to examine predictors of HCV testing. Results During the study period, 11.7% (95% CI, 11.5%-12.0%) of adults reported ever being tested for HCV infection. Testing was higher in 2017 than in 2013 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.27; 95% CI, 1.18-1.36). Adults with ≥some college were significantly more likely to report being tested (aOR = 1.60; 95% CI, 1.52-1.69) than adults with ≤high school education. Among adults with ≤high school education (but not adults with ≥some college), those who did not have health insurance were less likely than those with private health insurance (aOR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.68-0.89) to get tested, and non–US-born adults were less likely than US-born adults to get tested (aOR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.68-0.87). Conclusions Rates of self-reported HCV testing increased from 2013 to 2017, but testing rates remained low. Demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and liver disease–related risk factors may affect HCV testing rates among adults. HCV testing must increase to achieve hepatitis C elimination targets.

Hepatitis C Virus in Children: Trying to Overcome the Domestic and Global Challenges of Cases and Cost

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chase Perfect ◽  
Ravi Jhaveri
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Global Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Us ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Global Health Challenge

Abstract Over the last decade, Hepatitis C virus has persisted and evolved as a domestic and global health challenge for adults and children. The challenges involve both increased cases in the United States and cost of treatment both in the US and globally.

881 - Insurance Coverage and Mortality in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Infection in the United States (U.S.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1360
Author(s):  
Haley Bush ◽  
James Paik ◽  
Pegah Golabi ◽  
Leyla de Avila ◽  
Carey Escheik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection

scholarly journals 2899. Decreased Hepatitis C Virus-Associated Mortality in the US 2014–2017 After New Oral Direct-Acting Antiviral Era

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S82-S83
Author(s):  
Zainab Wasti ◽  
Dagan Coppock ◽  
Edgar Chou ◽  
Dong Heun Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Linkage To Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting

Abstract Background Due to the ease of use and low side effect profile of new direct-acting antivirals (DAA), cure rates for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have increased in recent years. However, limited data exist addressing the mortality associated with HCV infection since the advent of DAAs. This study examines multiple-cause-of-death (MCOD) data from 2014 to 2017 to describe changes in HCV-associated mortality in the United States. Methods We examined death certificate information from public use MCOD data obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics. All-cause mortality associated with HCV, as defined by ICD-10 codes (B17.1 and B18.2), was evaluated. The age-adjusted crude mortality rate was calculated. Overall HCV-associated mortality, stratified by race and gender, was analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2017, the number of deaths associated with HCV, as listed in death certificates decreased from 19,613 to 17,253. This represents an average of 4% decrease in mortality each year. Crude age-adjusted mortality decreased from 5.01 (95% CI 4.93–5.08) deaths per 100,000 people in 2014 to 4.13 (95% CI 4.07–4.20) deaths per 100,000 people in 2017. Males had age-adjusted mortality of 6.82 (95% CI 6.76–6.88) and females had age-adjusted mortality of 2.59 (95% CI 2.55–2.63). African Americans had age-adjusted mortality of 7.50 (95% CI 7.37–7.63), and whites had age-adjusted mortality of 4.39 (95% CI 4.35–4.42) during the three-year period. Conclusion After the introduction of DAAs in 2014, mortality associated with HCV significantly decreased in the United States. There were differences in mortality rates by gender and race, which may reflect differences in HCV seroprevalence. With the availability of effective, well-tolerated HCV treatment, aggressive HCV screening and linkage to care is warranted, especially in high-risk populations. Disclosures All Authors: No reported Disclosures.

scholarly journals Summary of available surveillance data on hepatitis C virus infection from eight Arctic countries, 2012 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu P Gounder ◽  
Anders Koch ◽  
Ginger Provo ◽  
Astrid Lovlie ◽  
Josefine Lundberg Ederth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Acute Hcv

We summarised available hepatitis C virus (HCV) surveillance data for 2012–14 from Arctic/sub-Arctic countries/regions. We sent a HCV data collection template by email to public health authorities in all jurisdictions. Population statistics obtained from census sources for each country were used to estimate rates of reported acute and chronic/undifferentiated HCV cases. Seven countries with Arctic regions (Canada, Denmark, Finland, Greenland, Norway, Sweden and the United States, represented by the state of Alaska), including three Canadian territories and one province, as well as 11 Russian subnational Arctic regions, completed the data collection template. Data on acute HCV infection during 2014 was available from three Arctic countries and all Russian Arctic regions (rate range 0/100,000 population in Greenland, as well as Nenets and Chukotka Automous Okrugs (Russian subnational Arctic regions) to 3.7/100,000 in the Russian Republic of Komi). The rate of people with chronic/undifferentiated HCV infection in 2014 ranged from 0/100,000 in Greenland to 171.2/100,000 in Alaska. In most countries/regions, the majority of HCV-infected people were male and aged 19–64 years. Differences in surveillance methods preclude direct comparisons of HCV surveillance data between Arctic countries/regions. Our data can inform future efforts to develop standardised approaches to HCV surveillance in the Arctic countries/regions by identifying similarities/differences between the surveillance data collected.

Prevalence of Viremic Hepatitis C Virus Infection by Age, Race/Ethnicity, and Birthplace and Disease Awareness Among Viremic Persons in the United States, 1999–2016

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biyao Zou ◽  
Yee Hui Yeo ◽  
Michael Huan Le ◽  
Linda Henry ◽  
Ellen T Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hcv Infection ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Curative Therapy ◽  
Disease Awareness

Abstract Background Athough curative therapy is now available for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States, it is not clear whether all affected persons have been diagnosed and/or linked to care. Methods This cross-sectional study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2016) and included 46 465 nonincarcerated and noninstitutionalized participants. Results Viremic HCV prevalence decreased from 1.32% in 1999–2004 to 0.80% in 2011–2016, although most of the decrease occurred in US-born whites and blacks but not the foreign-born or those born after 1985. In 2011–2016, approximately 1.90 million US adults remained viremic with HCV, and 0.33 million were at higher risk for advanced fibrosis, but only 49.8% were aware of their HCV infection, with higher disease awareness in those with health insurance coverage and US-born persons. Conclusions The prevalence of viremic HCV has decreased in recent years among US born whites and blacks but not in other race/ethnicities and foreign-born persons and birth cohort born after 1985. Less than half of the viremic population was aware of having HCV infection. Improved HCV screening and linkage to care are needed, especially for the uninsured, foreign-born, birth cohort after 1985 and certain ethnic minorities.

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