scholarly journals Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across Communities in the United States

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 2170-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon N. Zenk ◽  
Lisa M. Powell ◽  
Leah Rimkus ◽  
Zeynep Isgor ◽  
Dianne C. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food And Beverage

scholarly journals Food Bank Donations in the United States: A Landscape Review of Federal Policies

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3764
Author(s):  
Katelin M. Hudak ◽  
Emily Friedman ◽  
Joelle Johnson ◽  
Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Banks ◽  
Food Bank ◽  
Federal Policies ◽  
Food And Beverage

Rates of food insecurity have increased substantially in the United States (US), and more families are turning to the charitable food system to help meet their needs. Prior studies have examined the nutritional quality of foods offered through food banks, but little is known about what government policies may shape the healthy food donation landscape. The purpose of this study was to review US federal policies that impact food and beverage donations to food banks and assess whether policies encourage healthy food donations. In spring 2020, two researchers independently reviewed federal food and beverage donation policies using predefined search terms in two legal databases. We identified six categories of policies based on the existing food donation literature and themes that emerged in the policy review. We identified 42 federal policies spanning six categories that addressed food and beverage donations to food banks. The largest category was “government programs,” with 19 (45%) policies. The next largest category was “donation via schools,” with 12 (29%) policies. However, no policies specifically addressed the nutritional quality of food donations. There is an opportunity for the federal government to strengthen food bank donation policies and improve the nutritional quality of donated foods and beverages.

Case Studies and Caveats

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-101
Author(s):  
Jonathan H. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Framing Effects ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Food And Beverage

This chapter outlines several partnership case studies involving the food and beverage sector, especially soda companies. These case studies are drawn from the United States, Britain, and India. The analysis highlights certain problematic features—for example, use of corporate logos, trademarks, and color schemes that are likely to promote consumption of products that are exacerbating obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). But, more fundamentally, the analysis ties the case studies to the broader systemic effects discussed in the preceding chapters. These include framing effects, agenda distortion, and impacts on the integrity of and trust in public health agencies.

scholarly journals Dietary Sources of Plasma Trans-Fatty Acids Among Adults in the United States: NHANES 2009–2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1436-1436
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Patricia Richter ◽  
Laura Cobb ◽  
Heather Kuiper ◽  
Jennifer Seymour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food And Beverage

Abstract Objectives Trans-fatty acids (TFAs) increase low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, decrease high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increase risk of heart disease morbidity and mortality. There are two major sources from foods: industrially produced or artificial TFAs and ruminant or natural TFAs. Dietary TFA intake is estimated to cause half a million deaths annually worldwide and WHO has called for elimination of industrially produced TFAs from the global food supply by 2023. Little is known about these dietary sources for plasma TFAs. The objective of this study was to examine associations between foods consumed and plasma TFA levels using linked data of 24-hour dietary recall and plasma TFA measures among adults aged ≥20 years who participated in the NHANES 2009–2010 in the United States. Methods Over 4400 food products in the dietary interview data were categorized into 32 food and beverage groups/subgroups. Four major plasma TFAs (palmitelaidic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, linolelaidic acid) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to identify associations of plasma TFAs with all 32 food and beverage groups/subgroups, controlling potential confounding effects of 11 demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, lifestyle, and health-related risk factors. Results Consumption of foods in the following food groups/ subgroups were positively associated with elevated plasma TFA levels: cream substitute (P < 0.0001); cakes, cookies, and pies (P < 0.001); milk and milk desserts (P < 0.05); beef and lamb (P < 0.05); and butter (P < 0.05). Conclusions The findings suggest that these five food groups/ subgroups could be the main dietary sources of plasma TFAs among adults in the United States in 2009–2010. Funding Sources N/A.

scholarly journals Newer Approaches to Identify Potential Untoward Effects in Functional Foods

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palma Ann Marone ◽  
Victoria L. Birkenbach ◽  
A. Wallace Hayes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Food Testing ◽  
Household Products ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations

Globalization has greatly accelerated the numbers and variety of food and beverage products available worldwide. The exchange among greater numbers of countries, manufacturers, and products in the United States and worldwide has necessitated enhanced quality measures for nutritional products for larger populations increasingly reliant on functionality. These functional foods, those that provide benefit beyond basic nutrition, are increasingly being used for their potential to alleviate food insufficiency while enhancing quality and longevity of life. In the United States alone, a steady import increase of greater than 15% per year or 24 million shipments, over 70% products of which are food related, is regulated under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This unparalleled growth has resulted in the need for faster, cheaper, and better safety and efficacy screening methods in the form of harmonized guidelines and recommendations for product standardization. In an effort to meet this need, the in vitro toxicology testing market has similarly grown with an anticipatory 15% increase between 2010 and 2015 of US$1.3 to US$2.7 billion. Although traditionally occupying a small fraction of the market behind pharmaceuticals and cosmetic/household products, the scope of functional food testing, including additives/supplements, ingredients, residues, contact/processing, and contaminants, is potentially expansive. Similarly, as functional food testing has progressed, so has the need to identify potential adverse factors that threaten the safety and quality of these products.

scholarly journals Trends in Food Consumption Patterns of US Infants and Toddlers from Feeding Infants and Toddlers Studies (FITS) in 2002, 2008, 2016

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duffy ◽  
Kay ◽  
Jacquier ◽  
Catellier ◽  
Hampton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Infants And Toddlers ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) is the largest survey of dietary intake among infants and young children in the United States. Dietary patterns in early childhood are a key component of prevention of diet-related chronic diseases, yet little is known about how food consumption patterns of infants and young children have changed over time. The objective of this study is to examine trends in food and beverage consumption among children ages 6–23.9 months using data from the FITS conducted in 2002, 2008, and 2016. A total of 5963 infants and young children ages 6–23.9 months were included in these analyses. Food consumption data were collected using a multiple-pass 24-h recall by telephone using the Nutrition Data System for Research. Linear trends were assessed using the Wald’s test in a multivariable linear regression model. Positive significant findings include increases in breast milk consumption and decreases in the consumption of sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, and 100% fruit juice. More troubling findings include decreasing infant cereal consumption, stagnant or decreasing whole grain consumption, and stagnant consumption of vegetables. Our findings suggest some promising improvements in dietary intake among infants and toddlers in the United States over the past 15 years, but further policy, programmatic, and industry efforts are still needed.

scholarly journals Coffee Consumption among Adults in the United States by Demographic Variables and Purchase Location: Analyses of NHANES 2011–2016 Data

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2463
Author(s):  
Colin D. Rehm ◽  
Joseph C. Ratliff ◽  
Claudia S. Riedt ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Multivariable Models

Coffee, obtained from various sources, is consumed by most United States adults. The present analyses of one and two 24-h dietary recalls for 14,865 persons aged ≥20 years in the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011–2016) aimed to identify socio-demographic predictors of coffee consumption and to examine whether coffee purchase locations differed by population sub-group. Given the emphasis on food and beverage consumption patterns, the relation between coffee consumption and compliance with the Dietary Guidelines of Americans was also examined. Coffee was consumed by 59% of the sample (n = 8551). Survey-adjusted mean intake among consumers was 544.7 g/day. Percent consumers and mean amounts consumed were highest among adults aged 51–70 years (p < 0.001), higher income groups (p < 0.001), and non-Hispanic Whites (p < 0.001). About 74% of coffee consumers obtained their coffee from stores, 9.8% from fast food restaurants, 4.3% from convenience stores, and 4.2% from someone else. Coffee source locations also varied by age, education, income, and race/ethnicity. Coffee consumers had significantly higher Healthy Eating Index (HEI-2015) and higher Nutrient-Rich Foods (NRF9.3) scores in energy-adjusted models and significantly higher HEI 2015 scores in multivariable models. In multivariable models, coffee consumers had diets with less added sugar (p < 0.001) but slightly more fat (of all types, including monounsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA), saturated and solid fats), cholesterol, and alcohol. Their diets had more potassium and magnesium (p < 0.001) but less vitamin C (p < 0.001). Mean caffeine consumption was 233 mg/day for consumers and 72.3 mg/day for non-consumers. Coffee consumption patterns in the US vary across socio-demographic groups.

scholarly journals The Frequency and Healthfulness of Food and Beverage Advertising in Movie Theatres: A Pilot Study Conducted in the United States and Canada

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1253
Author(s):  
Stanley Wong ◽  
Elise Pauzé ◽  
Farah Hatoum ◽  
Monique Potvin Kent
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Nutrient Profile ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Movie Theatre ◽  
Marketing To Children

The marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages contributes to childhood obesity. In Canada and the United States, these promotions are self-regulated by industry. However, these regulations do not apply to movie theatres, which are frequently visited by children. This pilot study examined the frequency and healthfulness of food advertising in movie theatres in the United States and Canada. A convenience sample of seven movie theatres in both Virginia (US) and Ontario (Canada) were visited once per month for a four-month period. Each month, ads in the movie theatre environment and before the screening of children’s movies were assessed. Food ads were categorized as permissible or not permissible for marketing to children using the World Health Organization’s European Nutrient Profile Model. There were 1999 food ads in the movie theatre environment in Ontario and 43 food ads identified in the movie theatre environment in Virginia. On average, 8.6 (SD = 3.3) and 2.2 (SD = 0.9) food ads were displayed before children’s movies in Ontario and Virginia, respectively. Most or all (97–100%) food ads identified in Virginia and Ontario were considered not permissible for marketing to children. The results suggest that movie theatre environments should be considered for inclusion in statutory food marketing restrictions in order to protect children’s health.

scholarly journals Modeled dietary impact of industry-wide food and beverage reformulations in the United States and France

2017 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Gressier ◽  
Lisa Privet ◽  
Kevin Clark Mathias ◽  
Antonis Vlassopoulos ◽  
Florent Vieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food And Beverage
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