Breaking the Blue Wall of Silence: Risk Factors for Experiencing Police Sexual Misconduct Among Female Offenders

The aim of the current study was to gain understanding about incidences of sexual misconduct and bystander behaviors in South Korean universities. Specifically, risk factors were examined associated with three different types of sexual assault victimization (verbal or visual sexual harassment, physically forced sexual assault, and incapacitated sexual assault) and investigated the factors related to bystander behaviors. Data were collected via an online survey tool called SurveyMonkey in 2016. The total sample of participants comprised 1,944 enrolled undergraduate and graduate students from six universities in Seoul, South Korea. One logistic regression was conducted with a sample who reported sexual assault victimization (n = 1,079) to examine the risk factors associated with the three types of sexual misconduct. The other logistic regression was conducted with the subsample of bystanders (n = 540) to examine the relationships between bystander behavior and risk factors. In the main results, each type of sexual misconduct was associated differentially with age, alcohol blackouts, depression, child abuse and neglect, being an international student, and childhood sexual victimization. Also, persons who were older, self-identified LGBT, and victimized by verbal or visual sexual harassment at university were more likely to intervene when sexual misconduct occurred. These findings have implications for policies and interventions to reduce and prevent sexual misconduct in Korean universities.

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Teacher Sexual Misconduct: Grooming Patterns and Female Offenders

Journal of Child Sexual Abuse ◽

10.1080/10538712.2010.495047 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 371-386 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

James Knoll

Keyword(s):

Female Offenders ◽

Sexual Misconduct ◽

Teacher Sexual Misconduct

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Gender differences in child to parent violence risk factors

Anales de Psicología ◽

10.6018/analesps.428531 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 408-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ismael Loinaz ◽

Lucía Barboni ◽

Ava Ma de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Assessment Tool ◽

Female Offenders ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Violence Risk ◽

Personal Problems ◽

Male Offenders ◽

Male Perpetrators ◽

Female Perpetrators ◽

Factores De Riesgo

La violencia filio-parental (VFP) ha suscitado un enorme interés académico. Pese a ello, pocos estudios comparan los factores de riesgo de chicos y chicas implicados en estas agresiones a sus progenitores. El presente trabajo compara 56 chicos y 35 chicas agresores evaluados con la Guía para la Valoración del Riesgo de Violencia Filio-Parental (RVFP). Las chicas provenían de forma significativa de contextos más problemáticos (con bidireccionalidad de la violencia, violencia entre los progenitores, problemas de convivencia y problemas en los progenitores) y tenían significativamente menos autoestima. Los chicos presentaron significativamente más historial de problemas de abusos de sustancias y mayor escalada en la violencia. En conjunto, ambos sexos presentaban prevalencias similares en la mayoría de las variables, su violencia era comparable (aunque las lesiones a los padres fueron exclusivas de los chicos) y las familias eran más problemáticas en ellas. La predicción de las lesiones a la madre con la puntuación del RVFP fue significativa en el caso de los varones (AUC = ,842) pero no en el caso de ellas (AUC = ,660). Los resultados justifican el uso de tratamientos y herramientas comunes en chicos y chicas implicados en VFP, aunque se discuten desarrollos aún necesarios en la materia. Child-to-parent violence (CPV) has attracted enormous academic interest. Despite this, few studies compare the risk factors between female and male perpetrators of this abuse toward parents. This paper compares 56 male and 35 female CPV offenders, evaluated with the Child-to-Parent Violence Risk assessment tool (CPVR). Results show that girls came from significantly more problematic contexts (with bidirectionality of violence, violence between parents, cohabitation problems and personal problems of parents, and had significantly lower self-esteem. Boys had significantly more histories of substance abuse issues and greater rates of escalation of violence. Overall, both sexes had similar prevalence rates for most variables, the type of violence committed was comparable (although injuries toward fathers were only perpetrated by boys), and female perpetrators had more problematic families than their male counterparts. CPVR scores significantly predicted injuries toward the mother for male offenders (AUC = .842), but not for female offenders (AUC = .660). These results support the use of common treatments and tools for female and male CPV offenders. Future steps and developments in the field are also discussed.

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How “Specific” Are Gender-Specific Rehabilitation Needs? An Empirical Analysis

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854808323678 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 35 (11) ◽

pp. 1382-1397 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Kirk Heilbrun ◽

David DeMatteo ◽

Ralph Fretz ◽

Jacey Erickson ◽

Kento Yasuhara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Empirical Research ◽

Financial Risk ◽

Female Offenders ◽

Level Of Service ◽

Community Reentry ◽

Male Offenders ◽

Rehabilitation Needs ◽

Financial Deficits ◽

Gender Specific

There has been relatively little empirical research on the distinctive characteristics and needs of female offenders that could help guide rehabilitative approaches that are gender specific. This study considered a sample of female offenders ( N = 886) and male offenders ( N = 1,435) who had been released from incarceration and provided with assessment services as part of the community reentry process. Comparisons were conducted using the employment, companions, and financial domains of the Level of Service Inventory (LSI-R and LS-CMI). Female offenders received significantly higher ratings in companion and financial deficits, consistent with some prior research suggesting that social and financial risk factors for offending may be more substantial in women. Implications for research and the practice of gender-specific rehabilitation approaches are discussed.

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