scholarly journals AB313. SPR-40 Spontaneous Ca2+ waves in mouse urethral smooth muscle visualized with a genetically encoded Ca2+ indicator in situ

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. AB313-AB313
Author(s):  
Bernard T. Drumm ◽  
Sean M. Ward ◽  
Kenton M. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urethral Smooth Muscle

scholarly journals Ca2+ signalling in mouse urethral smooth muscle in situ : role of Ca2+ stores and Ca2+ influx mechanisms

2018 ◽  
Vol 596 (8) ◽  
pp. 1433-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard T. Drumm ◽  
Benjamin E. Rembetski ◽  
Caroline A. Cobine ◽  
Salah A. Baker ◽  
Gerard P. Sergeant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urethral Smooth Muscle

Electron Probe Analysis of Muscle

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 398-401
Author(s):  
A. V. Somlyo ◽  
H. Shuman ◽  
A. P. Somlyo
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Frog Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Probe Analysis

Electron probe analysis of frozen dried cryosections of frog skeletal muscle, rabbit vascular smooth muscle and of isolated, hyperpermeab1 e rabbit cardiac myocytes has been used to determine the composition of the cytoplasm and organelles in the resting state as well as during contraction. The concentration of elements within the organelles reflects the permeabilities of the organelle membranes to the cytoplasmic ions as well as binding sites. The measurements of [Ca] in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria at rest and during contraction, have direct bearing on their role as release and/or storage sites for Ca in situ.

scholarly journals Methacholine causes reflex bronchoconstriction

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Wagner ◽  
David B. Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Reflex Response ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Bilateral Vagotomy ◽  
Airways Resistance ◽  
Lower Airways

To determine whether methacholine causes vagally mediated reflex constriction of airway smooth muscle, we administered methacholine to sheep either via the bronchial artery or as an aerosol via tracheostomy into the lower airways. We then measured the contraction of an isolated, in situ segment of trachealis smooth muscle and determined the effect of vagotomy on the trachealis response. Administering methacholine to the subcarinal airways via the bronchial artery (0.5–10.0 μg/ml) caused dose-dependent bronchoconstriction and contraction of the tracheal segment. At the highest methacholine concentration delivered, trachealis smooth muscle tension increased an average of 186% over baseline. Aerosolized methacholine (5–7 breaths of 100 mg/ml) increased trachealis tension by 58% and airways resistance by 183%. As the bronchial circulation in the sheep does not supply the trachea, we postulated that the trachealis contraction was caused by a reflex response to methacholine in the lower airways. Bilateral vagotomy essentially eliminated the trachealis response and the airways resistance change after lower airways challenge (either via the bronchial artery or via aerosol) with methacholine. We conclude that 1) methacholine causes a substantial reflex contraction of airway smooth muscle and 2) the assumption may not be valid that a response to methacholine in humans or experimental animals represents solely the direct effect on smooth muscle.

Influence of a lymphocyte-conditioned medium on the expression of smooth-muscle α-aktin in lens epithelial cells in situ

1999 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Kerstin Wunderlich ◽  
Marcus Knorr ◽  
H. Northoff ◽  
Hans-J. Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Lens Epithelial Cells

Physiological and pharmacological response of canine bronchial smooth muscle in situ

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Hendrix ◽  
N. M. Munoz ◽  
A. R. Leff
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Maximal Response ◽  
Repeated Injection ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Bronchial Smooth Muscle ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
Parasympathetic Ganglion ◽  
The Right

We studied the isometric response of bronchial smooth muscle in a single third-order bronchus of 24 dogs in situ. Length-tension studies were performed in six dogs by repeated injection of 10(-5) mol acetylcholine (ACh) into the right bronchoesophageal artery, and the resting tension (30.6 +/- 6.9 g/cm) and length (0.76 +/- 0.14 cm) permitting maximal contraction were determined. In eight other dogs, dose-related bronchial contraction was obtained with 10(-10) to 10(-5) mol intra-arterial (ia) ACh. Supramaximal electrical stimulation of the right cervical vagus nerve and bronchial parasympathetic ganglion stimulation with ia 1–1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium (DMPP) also caused bronchial contraction. The maximal response to ia ACh (28.5 +/- 1.7 g/cm), supramaximal electrical stimulation (15.2 +/- 1.1 g/cm), and ia DMPP (10.5 +/- 3.0 g/cm) was blocked by an ia dose of atropine (1–5 micrograms/kg) that did not alter the sympathetic relaxation response in the trachea. In four dogs, the bronchial response to sympathetic activation was studied by intravenous (iv) bolus injection of DMPP after cholinergic blockade with atropine. DMPP (25 micrograms/kg iv) caused 9.5 +/- 2.2 g/cm bronchial relaxation, which was blocked completely by 2–4 mg/kg iv propranolol. In six other dogs, hypoxia induced by ventilation with pure nitrogen caused bronchial contraction, which was blocked by vagotomy, atropine, and hexamethonium. We report a sensitive method for selective measurement of bronchial smooth muscle response in a single resistance bronchus. This preparation preserves regional innervation and circulation and permits selective physiological stimulation in situ.

Peribronchial pressure in excised dog lungs

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 858-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sasaki ◽  
F. G. Hoppin ◽  
T. Takishima
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Lung Volume ◽  
Radial Stress ◽  
Similar Magnitude ◽  
Alveolar Pressure ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Bronchial Wall ◽  
Lobar Bronchus ◽  
Intrabronchial Pressure

To characterize the stresses which determine bronchial diameter in the lung, we estimated peribronchial pressure (Px) relative to intrabronchial pressure (Pbr) and to alveolar pressure (PA) for the main lobar bronchus of excised dog lobes using the technique of Takishima et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 38: 875--881, 1975). The recoil of the bronchial wall, Pbr---Px, when smooth muscle was relaxed varied primarily with bronchial diameter. The recoil of the parenchyma around the bronchus, Px---Pa, varied with lung volume but was also diameter-dependent and served to double approximately the effective elastance of the bronchus in situ. We estimated recoils during slow deflations from TLC with the bronchus untreated, or pharmacologically contracted or relaxed. In untreated and relaxed states, local parenchymal and bronchial recoils were of similar magnitude to overall lung recoil (i.e., Px congruent to Ppl) except at high inflating pressure (PA -- Ppl = 30 cmH2O) where they were about half as great. With contraction, bronchial and local parenchymal recoils increased to as much as twice overall lung recoil. Contracted smooth muscle exerted a radial stress of 36+/-14 cmH2O at full lung inflation but much less during stepwise deflation.

PAF-induced contraction of canine trachea mediated by 5-hydroxytryptamine in vivo

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 638-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Murphy ◽  
N. M. Munoz ◽  
J. Moss ◽  
J. S. Blake ◽  
M. M. Mack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Active Tension ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Arteriovenous Difference

We studied the secretory correlates of tracheal smooth muscle contraction caused by platelet-activating factor (PAF) in nine mongrel dogs in vivo. In five dogs, dose-response curves were generated by rapid intra-arterial injection of 10(-10) to 10(-6) mol PAF into the isolated tracheal circulation; tracheal contractile response was measured isometrically in situ. To examine the mechanism by which PAF elicits contraction of canine trachealis, concentrations of serotonin (5-HT) and histamine were assayed in the venous effluent as the arteriovenous difference (AVd) in mediator concentration across the airway for each level of contraction. PAF caused dose-related active tracheal tension to a maximum of 37.2 +/- 5.4 g/cm (10(-6) mol PAF). The AVd in 5-HT increased linearly from 0.20 +/- 0.05 (10(-9) mol PAF) to 3.5 +/- 0.3 ng/ml (10(-6) mol PAF) (P less than 0.005). In contrast, the AVd in histamine was insignificant and did not change with increasing doses of PAF. A positive correlation was obtained between the AVd in 5-HT and active tracheal tension (r = 0.92, P less than 0.001); there was no correlation between AVd in histamine and active tension (r = -0.16). PAF-induced parasympathetic activation was not mediated by 5-HT; contraction elicited by exogenous 5-HT was not affected by muscarinic blockade. We conclude that nonparasympathetically mediated contraction elicited acutely by PAF in dogs results at least in part from secondary release of serotonin and is not mediated by histamine.

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