scholarly journals The role of immunotherapy in metastatic triple negative breast cancer: a narrative review of the current clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kim Wesley Koczka ◽  
Nancy Alice Nixon
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals Current status and novel directions in triple negative breast cancer patients. Risk factors. Role of the platinum-based chemotherapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-126
Author(s):  
Olivia IONESCU ◽  
◽  
Irina BALESCU ◽  
Nicolae BACALBASA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Therapeutic Possibilities

Rationale. Breast cancer (BC) has been recognized to be the most common type of cancer in women all over the world. One of the most aggressive subtype of BC is the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) which is defined by the absence of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) as well as the lack of overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER 2). Aim. As the estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as the expression of HER2 are lacking, a targeted therapy with anti-hormone agents and anti-HER2 cannot be utilized, the therapeutic possibilities for TNBC women are limited. The aim of this review is to present the current scientific data as well as the latest research in TNBC with focus on the risk factors as well as the current role of platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents and their future implications in TNBC treatment. Method. Information about the risk factors associated to TNBC as well as the chemotherapeutic regimens was searched through Pubmed and Medline using controlled vocabulary (e.g. breast cancer) and key words (e.g. neoadjuvant, triple negative, platinum). Systematic reviews, randomized and controlled clinical trials were analyzed. No restrictions regarding date or language were used. Conclusions. TNBC is a complex and heterogeneous disease, divided into many subtypes and with an aggressive evolution. Premenopausal women and African American women are far more likely to develop TNBC. More research is required in order to confirm the association between obesity, BMI, parity, use of oral contraceptives, alcohol and cigarette smoking and TNBC. Randomized clinical trials presented at the San Antonio Symposium suggest that platinum chemotherapy play an important role in the treatment of TNBC, especially early stage TNBC. Tumor-based measures of genomic instability will help to clarify the optimal use and activity of platinum in TNBC. However, it is clear than more epidemiological studies as well as the discovery of novel therapeutic possibilities are mandatory in order to unravel the complexity of this BC subtype, hence offering a chance to women diagnosed with TNBC.

scholarly journals 19P A dichotomous oncogenic role of the splicing factor SF3A3 in MYC-driven triple-negative breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. S28
Author(s):  
A. Bosch ◽  
M. Cieśla ◽  
P. Cao Thi Ngoc ◽  
S. Mutukumar ◽  
G. Honeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Splicing Factor

scholarly journals The Relevance of the SH2 Domain for c-Src Functionality in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Víctor Mayoral-Varo ◽  
María Pilar Sánchez-Bailón ◽  
Annarica Calcabrini ◽  
Marta García-Hernández ◽  
Valerio Frezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Sh2 Domain ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
System A ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Inactivating Mutation

The role of Src family kinases (SFKs) in human tumors has been always associated with tyrosine kinase activity and much less attention has been given to the SH2 and SH3 adapter domains. Here, we studied the role of the c-Src-SH2 domain in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To this end, SUM159PT and MDA-MB-231 human cell lines were employed as model systems. These cells conditionally expressed, under tetracycline control (Tet-On system), a c-Src variant with point-inactivating mutation of the SH2 adapter domain (R175L). The expression of this mutant reduced the self-renewal capability of the enriched population of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), demonstrating the importance of the SH2 adapter domain of c-Src in the mammary gland carcinogenesis. In addition, the analysis of anchorage-independent growth, proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, all processes associated with tumorigenesis, showed that the SH2 domain of c-Src plays a very relevant role in their regulation. Furthermore, the transfection of two different aptamers directed to SH2-c-Src in both SUM159PT and MDA-MB-231 cells induced inhibition of their proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, strengthening the hypothesis that this domain is highly involved in TNBC tumorigenesis. Therefore, the SH2 domain of c-Src could be a promising therapeutic target and combined treatments with inhibitors of c-Src kinase enzymatic activity may represent a new therapeutic strategy for patients with TNBC, whose prognosis is currently very negative.

scholarly journals Antiproliferative Effect of Androgen Receptor Inhibition in Mesenchymal Stem-Like Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiyu Zhu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Wei Song ◽  
Yumei Xu ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Triple Negative

Background/Aims: Androgen receptor (AR), a steroid hormone receptor, has recently emerged as prognostic and treatment-predictive marker in breast cancer. Previous studies have shown that AR is widely expressed in up to one-third of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the role of AR in TNBC is still not fully understood, especially in mesenchymal stem-like (MSL) TNBC cells. Methods: MSL TNBC MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T breast cancer cells were exposed to various concentration of agonist 5-α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or nonsteroidal antagonist bicalutamide or untreated. The effects of AR on cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay, cell counting, flow cytometry analysis and protein expression of p53, p73, p21 and Cyclin D1 were analyzed by western blotting. The bindings of AR to p73 and p21 promoter were detected by ChIP assay. MDA-MB-231 cells were transplanted into nude mice and the tumor growth curves were determined and expression of AR, p73 and p21 were detected by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining after treatment of DHT or bicalutamide. Results: We demonstrate that AR agonist DHT induces MSL TNBC breast cancer cells proliferation and inhibits apoptosis in vitro. Similarly, activated AR significantly increases viability of MDA-MB-231 xenografts in vivo. On the contrary, AR antagonist, bicalutamide, causes apoptosis and exerts inhibitory effects on the growth of breast cancer. Moreover, DHT-dependent activation of AR involves regulation in the cell cycle related genes, including p73, p21 and Cyclin D1. Further investigations indicate the modulation of AR on p73 and p21 mediated by direct binding of AR to their promoters, and DHT could make these binding more effectively. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the tumorigenesis role of AR and the inhibitory effect of bicalutamide in AR-positive MSL TNBC both in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that AR inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach for AR-positive TNBC patients.

scholarly journals Tumor Microenvironment: Key Players in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Immunomodulation

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3357
Author(s):  
Hongmei Zheng ◽  
Sumit Siddharth ◽  
Sheetal Parida ◽  
Xinhong Wu ◽  
Dipali Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease and is highly related to immunomodulation. As we know, the most effective approach to treat TNBC so far is still chemotherapy. Chemotherapy can induce immunogenic cell death, release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling; therefore, it will be interesting to investigate the relationship between chemotherapy-induced TME changes and TNBC immunomodulation. In this review, we focus on the immunosuppressive and immunoreactive role of TME in TNBC immunomodulation and the contribution of TME constituents to TNBC subtype classification. Further, we also discuss the role of chemotherapy-induced TME remodeling in modulating TNBC immune response and tumor progression with emphasis on DAMPs-associated molecules including high mobility group box1 (HMGB1), exosomes, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), which may provide us with new clues to explore effective combined treatment options for TNBC.

Abstract 2357: Anticancer effects of calorie restriction in a murine C3-TAg model of triple-negative breast cancer: the role of miR-15b

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximena Minerva Bustamante-Marin ◽  
Kaylyn L. Devlin ◽  
Om Dave ◽  
Jenna L. Merlino ◽  
Shannon B. McDonell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Calorie Restriction ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Anticancer Effects

scholarly journals Immunity and cancer: role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in triple-negative breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Ana Tečić-Vuger ◽  
◽  
Robert Šeparović ◽  
Ljubica Vazdar ◽  
Mirjana Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽  
Triple Negative ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes
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