scholarly journals Protective role of the matricellular protein CCN3 in abdominal aortic aneurysm

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2365-2368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Uhrin ◽  
Johannes M. Breuss
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Protective Role of Diabetes Mellitus on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Pathogenesis: Myth or Reality?

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djordje Radak ◽  
Slobodan Tanaskovic ◽  
Niki Katsiki ◽  
Esma R. Isenovic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals Basement membrane collagen IV deficiency promotes abdominal aortic aneurysm formation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Steffensen ◽  
J. Stubbe ◽  
J. S. Lindholt ◽  
H. C. Beck ◽  
M. Overgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Basement Membrane ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Collagen Iv ◽  
Mammary Arteries ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex disease which is incompletely accounted for. Basement membrane (BM) Collagen IV (COL4A1/A2) is abundant in the artery wall, and several lines of evidence indicate a protective role of baseline COL4A1/A2 in AAA development. Using Col4a1/a2 hemizygous knockout mice (Col4a1/a2+/−, 129Svj background) we show that partial Col4a1/a2 deficiency augmented AAA formation. Although unchallenged aortas were morphometrically and biomechanically unaffected by genotype, explorative proteomic analyses of aortas revealed a clear reduction in BM components and contractile vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proteins, suggesting a central effect of the BM in maintaining VSMCs in the contractile phenotype. These findings were translated to human arteries by showing that COL4A1/A2 correlated to BM proteins and VSMC markers in non-lesioned internal mammary arteries obtained from coronary artery bypass procedures. Moreover, in human AAA tissue, MYH11 (VSMC marker) was depleted in areas of reduced COL4 as assessed by immunohistochemistry. Finally, circulating COL4A1 degradation fragments correlated with AAA progression in the largest Danish AAA cohort, suggesting COL4A1/A2 proteolysis to be an important feature of AAA formation. In sum, we identify COL4A1/A2 as a critical regulator of VSMC phenotype and a protective factor in AAA formation.

scholarly journals Prospect of positron emission tomography for abdominal aortic aneurysm risk stratification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Gandhi ◽  
Michael Bell ◽  
Marc Bailey ◽  
Charalampos Tsoumpas
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

AbstractAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) disease is characterized by an asymptomatic, permanent, focal dilatation of the abdominal aorta progressing towards rupture, which confers significant mortality. Patient management and surgical decisions rely on aortic diameter measurements via abdominal ultrasound surveillance. However, AAA rupture can occur at small diameters or may never occur at large diameters, implying that anatomical size is not necessarily a sufficient indicator. Molecular imaging may help identify high-risk patients through AAA evaluation independent of aneurysm size, and there is the question of the potential role of positron emission tomography (PET) and emerging role of novel radiotracers for AAA. Therefore, this review summarizes PET studies conducted in the last 10 years and discusses the usefulness of PET radiotracers for AAA risk stratification. The most frequently reported radiotracer was [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose, indicating inflammatory activity and reflecting the biomechanical properties of AAA. Emerging radiotracers include [18F]-labeled sodium fluoride, a calcification marker, [64Cu]DOTA-ECL1i, an indicator of chemokine receptor type 2 expression, and [18F]fluorothymidine, a marker of cell proliferation. For novel radiotracers, preliminary trials in patients are warranted before their widespread clinical implementation. AAA rupture risk is challenging to evaluate; therefore, clinicians may benefit from PET-based risk assessment to guide patient management and surgical decisions.

scholarly journals The Role of Geometric Parameters in the Prediction of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Wall Stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Georgakarakos ◽  
C.V. Ioannou ◽  
Y. Kamarianakis ◽  
Y. Papaharilaou ◽  
T. Kostas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Wall

scholarly journals Role of vascular endothelial growth factor-A in development of abdominal aortic aneurysm

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidehiro Kaneko ◽  
Toshihisa Anzai ◽  
Toshiyuki Takahashi ◽  
Takashi Kohno ◽  
Masayuki Shimoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract 286: Loss of Smad3 Exacerbates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Formation With Enhanced Inflammation in an Experimental Mouse Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Dai ◽  
Anandita Arora ◽  
Jianbin Shen ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Aneurysm Formation ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
The Media ◽  
Chloride Treatment

Introduction Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a complex vascular disease that causes more than 10,000 deaths each year in the United States. Extensive studies have been performed in search of pharmaceutical treatment but surgical repair still remains the most effective treatment. TGF-β signaling is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of aneurysms; however, there is debate as to whether its role is protective or destructive. Smad3 is a major intracellular mediator of the canonical pathway of TGF-β signaling. Hypothesis We hypothesize that Smad3-mediated TGF-β signal pathway plays important roles in the pathogenesis of AAA. Methods To test this hypothesis, we analyze the effects of loss of Smad3 on aneurysm formation in the calcium chloride induced AAA model using Smad3 knockout mice. Results Three weeks after calcium chloride treatment, the abdominal aorta displayed increased dilation, forming aneurysms. Histology and immunohistochemistry analyses show increased cell proliferation and enhanced inflammatory cell infiltration in the media and adventitia of the vessel wall. This was accompanied by elastic fibers degradation, increased MMPs expression and reduced expression of smooth muscle markers. Further analysis showed that the expression and nuclear localization of Smad2 and Smad4 was significantly increased. Conclusions These results demonstrate that Smad3-mediated TGF-β signaling plays a protective role in the pathogenesis of AAA and Smad2/Smad4 upregulation is not sufficient to compensate for the loss of Smad3 in this experimental model.

scholarly journals Matricellular protein CCN3 mitigates abdominal aortic aneurysm

2016 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 1282-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Dustin van der Voort ◽  
Hong Shi ◽  
Rongli Zhang ◽  
Yulan Qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Matricellular Protein ◽  
Abdominal Aortic
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