A tumor originating from right upper bronchus and obstructing the main right bronchus and the lower trachea

ASVIDE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 082-082
Author(s):  
Alfonso Fiorelli ◽  
Roberto Cascone ◽  
Davide Di Natale ◽  
Annalisa Carlucci ◽  
Gaetana Messina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Trachea

scholarly journals Mucosal Changes in the Trachea and Main Bronchi of Newborn Infants after Nasotracheal Intubation

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Fisk ◽  
W. de C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Squamous Metaplasia ◽  
Nasotracheal Intubation ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Lower Trachea ◽  
Nasotracheal Tube ◽  
Mucosal Changes ◽  
The Right

Permanent sequelae of nasotracheal intubation are uncommon, but acute ulceration and squamous metaplasia occur. Histological sections from the trachea and main bronchi were examined in 12 infants. A nasotracheal tube had been inserted during the first two weeks of life of these infants and had been in place for more than one week. In four cases the patient died some time (7 to 108 days) after extubation. Similar sections from patients who were not intubated, intubated only for attempted resuscitation, or intubated for several hours were studied for comparison. The sections were classified according to the degree of mucosal loss and metaplasia, and the extent of the lesions was estimated. Squamous change was seen in most sections from all 12 patients with the exception of one who died 57 days after extubation. Some respiratory epithelium was seen in all patients. In the eight patients who died while intubated, the changes were more marked in the right main bronchus than the left in seven, and more marked in the lower trachea than the upper in five. In the two patients intubated for several hours, in addition to mucosal loss, early metaplasia was seen. It is suggested that mucosal loss is replaced by the squamous metaplasia, and that trauma caused by suction catheters in the lower trachea and right main bronchus is more extensive than that due to the endotracheal tube itself.

Emergency cardiopulmonary bypass for impassable airway

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (8) ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Tyagi ◽  
A Goyal ◽  
R Syal ◽  
S K Agarwal ◽  
P Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tracheal Lumen ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Safe Option ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Lower Trachea ◽  
Medical Emergencies

Introduction: Some medical emergencies need compromised airway management as the first measure. Most of these cases are first seen by an ENT surgeon, whose proper evaluation and timely intervention can prove decisive. Knowledge of alternatives for airway management can prove life-saving, although these may require the active involvement of other specialities.Case reports: Two patients, a 27-year-old man and a 31-year-old woman, presented in respiratory distress with cyanosis. Each had a pedunculated mass in the lower trachea above the carina, with about 90 per cent tracheal lumen obstruction. They were managed successfully with femorofemoral cardiopulmonary bypass and restoration of airway.Conclusion: Femorofemoral cardiopulmonary bypass can be a relatively safe option which gains time for airway management in such conditions. Knowledge of this procedure among ENT surgeons can lead to timely intervention, in properly selected cases, which can save valuable time.

Hypoxemia reflexly increases secretion from tracheal submucosal glands in dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1416-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Davis ◽  
R. Chinn ◽  
J. Gold ◽  
D. Popovac ◽  
J. G. Widdicombe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Body ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Gland Secretion ◽  
Submucosal Gland ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
O2 Concentration ◽  
Submucosal Glands ◽  
Lower Trachea ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

We anesthetized dogs, ventilated their lungs via the lower trachea, and exposed the epithelial surface of the upper trachea and coated it with powdered tantalum. Secretions from submucosal gland ducts formed elevations (hillocks) in the tantalum layer; we counted the number of hillocks that appeared in a 1.2-cm2 field. In 12 dogs, during normoxemia, 12 +/- 2 hillocks/cm2 formed in 90 s; during severe hypoxemia [fractional inspired O2 concentration (FIO2) = 0.05], 40 +/- 4 hillocks/cm2 formed in 90 s. Injections of sodium cyanide (25–75 micrograms) into the arterial supply to the carotid body also stimulated tracheal submucosal gland secretion. Secretory response to hypoxemia was suppressed by 1) section of both carotid sinus body nerves in six dogs and 2) section of both superior laryngeal nerves and vagus nerves in six other dogs. During mild hypoxemia (FIO2 = 0.10 or 0.15) tracheal submucosal gland secretion still increased. We conclude that hypoxemia increases secretion from submucosal glands in canine trachea by a carotid body chemoreflex.

scholarly journals Management of Tracheal Rupture Involving both Bronchi

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. McCleave ◽  
D. G. Fenwick ◽  
R. R. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Anaesthetic Management ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Tracheal Rupture ◽  
Ready Availability ◽  
Lower Trachea

A patient with a rupture of the lower trachea and both bronchi is presented. A review of the significant clinical findings is presented, and the anaesthetic management is discussed. The necessity of early bronchoscopy in these patients and the ready availability of experienced medical staff in assessing all severe trauma is emphasized.

Upper airway resistances in fetal sheep: the influence of breathing activity

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Harding ◽  
A. D. Bocking ◽  
J. N. Sigger
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Liquid Volume ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Lower Trachea ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Lung Liquid ◽  
Laryngeal Resistance

Fetal breathing movements (FBM) and lung liquid volume are known to affect lung development, but little is known about mechanisms controlling movement of liquid through the upper respiratory tract (URT). Therefore we measured resistances of the URT in 8 unanesthetized fetal sheep during late gestation while FBM were monitored from pressures in the lower trachea or from electromyogram of respiratory muscles. URT resistance to liquid flow toward the amniotic sac increased from 3.5 +/- 1.9 Torr X ml-1 X min during episodes of FBM to 21.1 +/- 5.7 Torr X ml-1 X min during apnea. Laryngeal resistance during apnea was greater (P less than 0.001) than supralaryngeal resistance in each of six fetuses in which URT resistance was partitioned. Fetal paralysis abolished the increase in laryngeal resistance to efflux that was previously related to the high-voltage electrocortical state and apnea. We were unable to quantify URT resistance to fluid movement toward the lungs because the larynx acted as a valve, permitting flow toward the lungs only in the presence of FBM. The supralaryngeal portion of the URT also apparently acts as a valve, normally preventing the entry of amniotic fluid into the pharynx. These findings help to explain our earlier observations that efflux of liquid from the fetal lungs is greater during episodes of FBM than during apnea.

Successful resection of a glomus tumor arising from the lower trachea: Report of a case

Surgery Today ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masazumi Watanabe ◽  
Keigo Takagi ◽  
Katsuaki Ono ◽  
Teruhiro Aoki ◽  
Susumu Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Tumor ◽  
Lower Trachea

scholarly journals New era of “resection of the carina and lower trachea”

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4932-4936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Ujiie ◽  
Kazuhiro Yasufuku
Keyword(s):  
New Era ◽  
Lower Trachea

scholarly journals ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LOWER TRACHEA

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 1120
Author(s):  
M. HEIFETZ ◽  
H.J. BIRKHAHN
Keyword(s):  
Anaesthetic Management ◽  
Lower Trachea

Effects of 0.5 ppm ozone on glycoprotein secretion, ion and water fluxes in sheep trachea

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 918-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Phipps ◽  
S. M. Denas ◽  
M. W. Sielczak ◽  
A. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Secretory Material ◽  
Submucosal Glands ◽  
Lower Trachea ◽  
Airway Mucus ◽  
Water Secretion ◽  
Glycoprotein Secretion

We studied the effects of ozone (O3) exposure on airway mucus secretion. Sheep were exposed in vivo to 0.5 ppm O3, 4 h/day for 2 days (acute, n = 6), 6 wks (chronic, n = 6) or 6 wks + 1 wk recovery (chronic + recovery, n = 6). Secretion of glycoproteins (radiolabeled with 35SO4 and [3H]threonine), and transepithelial fluxes of Cl-, Na+ and water were subsequently measured in tracheal tissues in vitro, and were compared with values from control, unexposed sheep (n = 8). Acute O3 exposure increased basal secretion of sulfated glycoproteins (P less than 0.05), but had no effect on ion fluxes. Chronic exposure reduced basal glycoprotein secretion, but increased net Cl- secretion. Under open-circuit conditions, chronic exposure also induced net water secretion (P less than 0.05). With 7 days recovery, basal glycoprotein secretion (predominantly sulfated) was greatly increased above control, while the increased net secretion of Cl- and of water persisted (P less than 0.05). Histology of the airways indicated that acute exposure induced moderate hypertrophy of submucosal glands in the lower trachea (P less than 0.05), while chronic exposure (with and without recovery) induced a large hypertrophy of submucosal glands in both upper and lower trachea (P less than 0.05). Without recovery, however, the gland cells were devoid of secretory material, whereas with recovery they were full of secretory material. This suggests that the decreased glycoprotein secretion with chronic exposure alone resulted from incomplete replenishment of intracellular stores after 6 wks of stimulation. We conclude that both short- and long-term O3 exposure causes airway-mucus hypersecretion.

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