scholarly journals Global burden of lung cancer: implications from current evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 4-4
Author(s):  
Jianrong Zhang ◽  
Jianfu Li ◽  
Shan Xiong ◽  
Qihua He ◽  
Rebecca J. Bergin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Global Burden

Catastrophic Concomitant Arterial and Venous Thrombosis in a Mild COVID-19-Positive Patient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raka A. Nugraha ◽  
Hary S. Muliawan ◽  
Nyityasmono T. Nugroho ◽  
Muhammad Ikhsan ◽  
Suko Adiarto
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ambulatory Setting ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Clinical Consequences

AbstractSince its first discovery in late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global burden associated with significant morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 has been correlated with the development of hypercoagulable state that predisposes the patients to a higher risk of thromboembolism. Current evidence suggests higher incidence of thrombosis, particularly venous thrombosis, among hospitalized COVID-19 patients, mostly with critical illness. On the other hand, there is currently no data regarding the incidence of vivid thrombosis in ambulatory patients with mild COVID-19 and the incidence of concomitant arterial and venous thrombosis in COVID-19 is extremely rare. Herein, we describe catastrophic outcomes of concomitant lower limb arterial and venous thrombosis in a patient with mild COVID-19. This report highlights the occurrence of concomitant arterial and venous thrombosis in ambulatory setting and that this phenomenon resulted in catastrophic clinical consequences.

scholarly journals Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Understanding in Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Zhang ◽  
Liansha Tang ◽  
Yuwen Zhou ◽  
Wenbo He ◽  
Weimin Li
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitor ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Immunotherapy that includes programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), programmed cell death- ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors has revolutionized the therapeutic strategy in multiple malignancies. Although it has achieved significant breakthrough in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) including checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP), are widely reported. As the particularly worrisome and potentially lethal form of irAEs, CIP should be attached more importance. Especially in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, the features of CIP may be more complicated on account of the overlapping respiratory signs compromised by primary tumor following immunotherapy. Herein, we included the previous relevant reports and comprehensively summarized the characteristics, diagnosis, and management of CIP. We also discussed the future direction of optimal steroid therapeutic schedule for patients with CIP in NSCLC based on the current evidence.

scholarly journals Infections and Immunotherapy in Lung Cancer: A Bad Relationship?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Belluomini ◽  
Alberto Caldart ◽  
Alice Avancini ◽  
Alessandra Dodi ◽  
Ilaria Trestini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

Infectious diseases represent a relevant issue in lung cancer patients. Bacterial and viral infections might influence the patients’ prognosis, both directly affecting the immune system and indirectly impairing the outcome of anticancer treatments, mainly immunotherapy. In this analysis, we aimed to review the current evidence in order to clarify the complex correlation between infections and lung cancer. In detail, we mainly explored the potential impact on immunotherapy outcome/safety of (1) bacterial infections, with a detailed focus on antibiotics; and (2) viral infections, discriminating among (a) human immune-deficiency virus (HIV), (b) hepatitis B/C virus (HBV-HCV), and (c) Sars-Cov-2. A series of studies suggested the prognostic impact of antibiotic therapy administration, timing, and exposure ratio in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, probably through an antibiotic-related microbiota dysbiosis. Although cancer patients with HIV, HBV, and HCV were usually excluded from clinical trials evaluating immunotherapy, some retrospective and prospective trials performed in these patient subgroups reported similar results compared to those described in not-infected patients, with a favorable safety profile. Moreover, patients with thoracic cancers are particularly at risk of COVID-19 severe outcomes and mortality. Few reports speculated about the prognostic implications of anticancer therapy, including immunotherapy, in lung cancer patients with concomitant Sars-Cov-2 infection, showing, to date, inconsistent results. The correlation between infectious diseases and immunotherapy remains to be further explored and clarified in the context of dedicated trials. In clinical practice, the accurate and prompt multidisciplinary management of lung cancer patients with infections should be encouraged in order to select the best treatment options for these patients, avoiding unexpected toxicities, while maintaining the anticancer effect.

scholarly journals Aiding shared decision making in lung cancer screening: two decision tools

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelby R Sferra ◽  
Joyce S Cheng ◽  
Zachary Boynton ◽  
Verdi DiSesa ◽  
Larry R Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Shared Decision Making ◽  
Decision Aids ◽  
Prospective Trial ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Shared Decision ◽  
Decision Regret

Abstract Background Shared decision making (SDM) preceding lung cancer screening is important for populations that are underrepresented in lung cancer screening trials. Current evidence-based guidelines; however, do not address personal risk and outcomes in underrepresented populations. This study compared two SDM decision aids (Option Grids and Shouldiscreen.com) for SDM efficacy, decision regret and knowledge. Methods We conducted a prospective trial of lung cancer screening patients (N = 237) randomized to SDM with Option Grids or Shouldiscreen.com. To evaluate the SDM process after lung cancer screening, patients answered two questionnaires: CollaboRATE and Decision Regret. Patients also completed a questionnaire to test their knowledge of lung cancer screening. Results Patients were predominantly African American (61.6%), though multiple races, varying education levels and equal genders were represented. Patients in both Option Grids and Shouldiscreen.com groups reported favorable SDM experiences (P = 0.60) and equivalent knowledge about lung cancer screening (P = 0.43). Patients using Shouldiscreen.com had less knowledge regarding the potential complications of subsequent testing (P = 0.02). Shouldiscreen.com patients had increased regret regarding their decision to pursue screening (P = 0.02). Conclusions Option Grids and Shouldiscreen.com both facilitated a meaningful SDM process. However, Option Grids patients experienced decreased decision regret and enhanced knowledge of the potential complications of screening.

scholarly journals Microwave Ablation in Primary Lung Malignancies

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (04) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amgad M. Moussa ◽  
Etay Ziv ◽  
Stephen B. Solomon ◽  
Juan C. Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Microwave Ablation ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Percutaneous Ablation ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Early Stage Nsclc ◽  
Lung Malignancies

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Eighty-five percent of cases correspond to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pivotal nonsurgical options for early-stage disease include percutaneous ablation and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Microwave Ablation (MWA) is a locoregional treatment option that has many advantages over radiofrequency ablation and has been able to overcome the limitations of this technique in the treatment of early-stage NSCLC. In this review article, we highlight the current evidence supporting the use of MWA in patients with early-stage NSCLC and discuss the technical considerations of the procedure, including optimal patient selection and planning strategies, as well as the potential complications and reported outcomes. Finally, we mention future trends involving ablation in NSCLC, including its role in combination with SBRT in central tumors, management of post-SBRT local recurrence, and its potential as an adjuvant treatment option for patients with resistance to systemic therapy or in combination with checkpoint inhibitors.

Current evidence on the relationship between CYP1B1 polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 2821-2829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhuan Xu ◽  
Yunhai Zhou ◽  
Xiaosheng Hang ◽  
Di Shen
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The Relationship
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