scholarly journals Four-Tier Diagnostic Test Assisted Website for Identifies Misconceptions Heat and Temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Evi Septiyani ◽  
Dwi Nanto
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Student Misconception

Misconceptions get special attention in educational research because they are inhibiting students in learning. Misconceptions often occur in learning physics, especially the concept of heat, and nearly every sub-concept of physics on students experience various misconceptions. One of them is defining heat.  Many students believe that temperature is considered as a unit of measure for the amount of heat. This is a wrong conception. Thus, it needs to be identified using appropriate diagnostic test instruments to reduce students’ misconceptions. Four-tier diagnostic tests can detect students’ misconceptions because they can dig deeper into understanding students’ conceptions. Unfortunately, the diagnostic tests of student misconception are still rarely applied at most schools. The reason is time constraints in the implementation and correction of the diagnostic tests. Therefore, here we report digital four-tier diagnostic test instruments of student misconception on heat and temperature through a helpful website and can be accessed anywhere.

scholarly journals Development of Computer Based Diagnostic Test for Student Misconception on Material Temperature and Heat

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Muhammad Luqman Hakim Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Immediate Feedback ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Student Misconceptions ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Student Misconception ◽  
Material Temperature

<p><em>Misconception diagnostic tests are rarely carried out by lecturers in lectures because of the length of time needed to make test instruments and data analysis to be able to provide immediate feedback. The purpose of this study was to produce a Computer Based Diagnostic Test Misconception program for students in physics on temperature and heat. The research design used was the modified Borg and Gall Research and Development (R &amp; D). This research was conducted at Tulungagung IAIN by involving 10 students of educations Physics The instrument for data collection is in the form of a validator questionnaire, and a product development trial questionnaire. The research data includes quantitative data in the form of evaluating validators and questionnaires from the trial results, as well as qualitative data in the form of comments and suggestions given by validators and students. The results show that the development program is feasible to use based on expert validation with very feasible categories and supported by student responses / comments in good categories. The computer based diagnostic test misception program produced has four main parts, namely diagnostic tests, diagnostic test results, discussion of questions, and remedial in the form of remedial material. The results of the analysis of effectiveness tests can be concluded that computer based diagnostic test misconseption programs can improve students' conceptual understanding and be able to reduce student misconceptions in temperature and heat material.</em></p><em></em>

scholarly journals On diagnostic tests of contact break for contact circuits

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill A. Popkov
Keyword(s):  
Boolean Function ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Boolean Functions ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Almost All

AbstractWe prove that, for n ⩾ 2, any n-place Boolean function may be implemented by a two-pole contact circuit which is irredundant and allows a diagnostic test with length not exceeding n + k(n − 2) under at most k contact breaks. It is shown that with k = k(n) ⩽ 2n−4, for almost all n-place Boolean functions, the least possible length of such a test is at most 2k + 2.

scholarly journals Comparison of three rapid influenza diagnostic tests with digital readout systems and one conventional rapid influenza diagnostic test

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. e22234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sook Won Ryu ◽  
In Bum Suh ◽  
Se-Min Ryu ◽  
Kyu Sung Shin ◽  
Hyon-Suk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Digital Readout

scholarly journals Clinical overlap between malaria and pneumonia: can malaria rapid diagnostic test play a role?

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja ◽  
Olufemi B Aina ◽  
Ademola A Talabi
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Symptom Overlap

Introduction: Malaria and pneumonia account for 40% of mortality among children under five years of age in sub-Saharan Africa. Due to lack of diagnostic facilities, their management is based on the integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI) strategy. Symptoms of malaria and pneumonia overlap in African children, necessitating dual IMCI classifications at health centres and treatment with both antibiotics and antimalarials. This study determined the prevalence of malaria-pneumonia symptom overlap and confirmed the diagnosis of malaria in these cases using a rapid diagnostic test. Methodology: Consecutive consultations of 1,216 children (two months to five years old) were documented over a three-month period in a comprehensive health centre. Malaria rapid diagnostic tests were conducted only for children who had symptom overlap. Results: Of the 1,216 children enrolled, 1,090 (90%) reported cough or fever. Among the children fulfilling the malaria case definition, 284 (30%) also met the pneumonia case definition. Twenty-three percent (284) of all children enrolled met the criteria for both malaria and pneumonia. However, only 130 (46%) of them had a positive result for malaria using a malaria rapid diagnostic test. During a malaria-pneumonia overlap, female children (chi-square 5.9, P = 0.01) and children ≥ one year (chi-square 4.8, P = 0.003) were more likely to seek care within two days of fever. Conclusion: Dual treatment with antimalarials and antibiotics in children with malaria-pneumonia overlap may result in unnecessary over-prescription of antimalarial medications. Use of rapid diagnostic tests in their management can potentially avoid over-prescribing of malaria medications.

scholarly journals ANALISIS MISKONSEPSI SISWA MENGGUNAKAN THREE TIER DIAGNOSTIC TEST BERBASIS OPEN ENDED QUESTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-291
Author(s):  
Mawaddah Mawaddah ◽  
Yandi Heryandi
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Research Method ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Large Percentage ◽  
Sampling Techniques ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Clinical Interviews

This study aims to: (1) find out the misconceptions experienced by students in the material of similarity and congruence by using three-tier diagnostic tests based on open-ended questions. (2) find out the large percentage of students' misconceptions on the similarity and congruence material using a three-tier diagnostic test based on open-ended questions. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The data collection instruments used were clinical interviews and three-tier diagnostic tests based on open-ended questions. This study was conducted in the SMP Negeri 2 Palimanan. The research subjects were selected using purposive sampling techniques so that 33 students were selected from 330 students. The results of the analysis of the three-tier diagnostic test based on open-ended questions showed that (1) the misconceptions that occurred in the material of similarity and congruence of 2D shapes included pure misconceptions, false positives, and false negatives. (2) the percentage of misconceptions experienced in the material of similarity and congruence 2D shapes as a whole was 50.2% with a large percentage of pure misconceptions 32.4%, false-positive 15.6%, and false-negative 2.2%

scholarly journals Overtesting and undertesting in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack W O’Sullivan ◽  
Ali Albasri ◽  
Brian D Nicholson ◽  
Rafael Perera ◽  
Jeffrey K Aronson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Upper Endoscopy ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Function Tests

BackgroundHealth systems are currently subject to unprecedented financial strains. Inappropriate test use wastes finite health resources (overuse) and delays diagnoses and treatment (underuse). As most patient care is provided in primary care, it represents an ideal setting to mitigate waste.ObjectiveTo identify overuse and underuse of diagnostic tests in primary care.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sources and eligibility criteriaWe searched MEDLINE and Embase from January 1999 to October 2017 for studies that measured the inappropriateness of any diagnostic test (measured against a national or international guideline) ordered for adult patients in primary care.ResultsWe included 357 171 patients from 63 studies in 15 countries. We extracted 103 measures of inappropriateness (41 underuse and 62 overuse) from included studies for 47 different diagnostic tests.The overall rate of inappropriate diagnostic test ordering varied substantially (0.2%–100%)%).17 tests were underused >50% of the time. Of these, echocardiography (n=4 measures) was consistently underused (between 54% and 89%, n=4). There was large variation in the rate of inappropriate underuse of pulmonary function tests (38%–78%, n=8).Eleven tests were inappropriately overused >50% of the time. Echocardiography was consistently overused (77%–92%), whereas inappropriate overuse of urinary cultures, upper endoscopy and colonoscopy varied widely, from 36% to 77% (n=3), 10%–54% (n=10) and 8%–52% (n=2), respectively.ConclusionsThere is marked variation in the appropriate use of diagnostic tests in primary care. Specifically, the use of echocardiography (both underuse and overuse) is consistently poor. There is substantial variation in the rate of inappropriate underuse of pulmonary function tests and the overuse of upper endoscopy, urinary cultures and colonoscopy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016048832.

Usability Lessons for COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Sarah Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Use Cases ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Agile Methods ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Design Cycle ◽  
Practical Design

As the need for increased and widespread COVID-19 diagnostic testing has arisen, testing has also become decentralized: where testing was originally primarily conducted in clinic or laboratory settings, testing now frequently occurs at community testing sites, pharmacies, workplaces, schools, and in the home. With this paradigm shift comes new usability barriers as companies rapidly adapt laboratory- and point-of-care-based tests for other use cases. This paper outlines the agile methods used to evaluate the usability of diagnostic tests in various phases of the design cycle and under limited access and time constraints, provides an overview of the most commons usability issues found, and lists practical design principles for practice.

Estimation of Performance and Sequential Selection of Diagnostic Tests in Patients With Lung Lesions Suspicious for Cancer

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Dana Marie Grzybicki ◽  
Thomas Gross ◽  
Kim R. Geisinger ◽  
Stephen S. Raab
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Test Selection ◽  
Lung Lesions ◽  
Sequential Selection ◽  
Test Ordering ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Context.—Measuring variation in clinician test ordering behavior for patients with similar indications is an important focus for quality management and cost containment. Objective.—To obtain information from physicians and nonphysicians regarding their test-ordering behavior and their knowledge of test performance characteristics for diagnostic tests used to work up patients with lung lesions suspicious for cancer. Design.—A self-administered, voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was distributed to 452 multiple-specialty physicians and 500 nonphysicians in academic and private practice in Pennsylvania, Iowa, and North Carolina. Respondents indicated their estimates of test sensitivities for multiple tests used in the diagnosis of lung lesions and provided their test selection strategy for case simulations of patients with solitary lung lesions. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the χ2 test. Results.—The response rate was 11.2%. Both physicians and nonphysicians tended to underestimate the sensitivities of all minimally invasive tests, with the greatest underestimations reported for sputum cytology and transthoracic fine-needle aspiration biopsy. There was marked variation in sequential test selection for all the case simulations and no association between respondent perception of test sensitivity and their selection of first diagnostic test. Overall, the most frequently chosen first diagnostic test was bronchoscopy. Conclusions.—Physicians and nonphysicians tend to underestimate the performance of diagnostic tests used to evaluate solitary lung lesions. However, their misperceptions do not appear to explain the wide variation in test-ordering behavior for patients with lung lesions suspicious for cancer.

Towards a Model of Fuzzy Commonsense Reasoning

2010 ◽  
pp. 279-318
Author(s):  
Xenia Naidenova
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Association Rules ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Commonsense Reasoning ◽  
Analogical Inference ◽  
Object Classes ◽  
Reasoning By Analogy

This chapter summarizes some methods of inferring approximate diagnostic tests. Considering the sets of approximately minimal diagnostic tests as “characteristic portraits” of object classes we have developed a model of commonsense reasoning by analogy. The system DEFINE of analogical inference with some results of its application is described. Mining approximate functional, implicative dependencies and association rules is based on the same criteria and on applying the same algorithm realized in the Diagnostic Test Machine described shortly in this chapter. Some results of inferring “crisp” and approximate tests with the use of Diagnostic Test Machine are give in Appendix to this chapter.

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