Natural Disaster Measures on Tokyo Metro

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-297
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Kogure ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Great East Japan Earthquake ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Inland Earthquake ◽  
The Government ◽  
Damage Simulation

This article includes the natural disaster measures taken by Tokyo Metro. In addition to those taken by the former Teito Rapid Transit Authority, Tokyo Metro has been taking new measures -- based on experiences from the Great East Japan Earthquake and a large-scale flood damage simulation recently released by the government -- in preparation for the inland earthquake expected in the capital and flooding from the Arakawa River.

Fatal Work Injuries Involving Natural Disasters, 1992–2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Fayard
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Disaster Data ◽  
The Government ◽  
Classification Structure

ABSTRACTObjective: Although a goal of disaster preparedness is to protect vulnerable populations from hazards, little research has explored the types of risks that workers face in their encounters with natural disasters. This study examines how workers are fatally injured in severe natural events.Methods: A classification structure was created that identified the physical component of the disaster that led to the death and the pursuit of the worker as it relates to the disaster. Data on natural disasters from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries for the years 1992 through 2006 were analyzed.Results: A total of 307 natural disaster deaths to workers were identified in 1992–2006. Most fatal occupational injuries were related to wildfires (80 fatalities), hurricanes (72 fatalities), and floods (62 fatalities). Compared with fatal occupational injuries in general, natural disaster fatalities involved more workers who were white and more workers who were working for the government. Most wildfire fatalities stemmed directly from exposure to fire and gases and occurred to those engaged in firefighting, whereas hurricane fatalities tended to occur more independently of disaster-produced hazards and to workers engaged in cleanup and reconstruction. Those deaths related to the 2005 hurricanes occurred a median of 36.5 days after landfall of the associated storm. Nearly half of the flood deaths occurred to passengers in motor vehicles. Other disasters included tornadoes (33 fatalities), landslides (17), avalanches (16), ice storms (14), and blizzards (9).Conclusions: Despite an increasing social emphasis on disaster preparation and response, there has been little increase in expert knowledge about how people actually perish in these large-scale events. Using a 2-way classification structure, this study identifies areas of emphasis in preventing occupational deaths from various natural disasters. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2009;3:201–209)

The New Face of Neoliberalism

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Bus Rapid Transit ◽  
Rapid Transit ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

This chapter focuses on DART, a Bus Rapid Transit project (BRT): the new face of public transport in Dar es Salaam since operations started in 2016. A PPP funded by the World Bank, DART aimed to transform public transport through large-scale infrastructural work and the introduction of new buses, phasing out daladala from the city’s main public transport routes. The chapter challenges the presentation of BRT as the ‘win–win’ solution to tackling the crisis of public transport in developing countries. A contextualized political economy of DART highlights why the project proceeded so slowly (implementation began in 2002), documenting the capacity of some Tanzanian actors to resist. Tensions over the displacement of existing paratransit operators by foreign investors, the inclusion of the existing public transport workforce, employment destruction, affordability of the new service, and their management by the government are a window into ‘actually existing neoliberalism’ and post-socialism in Tanzania.

scholarly journals Disaster Aid Targeting and Self-Reporting Bias: Natural Experimental Evidence from the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 771
Author(s):  
Yuki Higuchi ◽  
Nobuhiko Fuwa ◽  
Kei Kajisa ◽  
Takahiro Sato ◽  
Yasuyuki Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Reporting Bias ◽  
Administrative Records ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Disaster Situation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Disaster Aid

Aid from the government can play a critical role as a risk-coping device in a post-disaster situation if the recipients are properly targeted. We analyze the accuracy of disaster aid targeting and self-reporting bias in disaster damage and aid receipt by combining (i) satellite images (objective information on flood damage), (ii) administrative records (objective information on post-flood aid receipt), and (iii) unique survey data (self-reported information on damage assessment and aid receipt) on a large-scale flooding in 2012 in the Philippines. We find that damage is over-reported while aid receipt is under-reported, and as a result, the estimated targeting accuracy based on self-reported information is substantially downward-biased.

scholarly journals The Indonesian Government's Inconsistency in Handling The Covid-19 Pandemic

Yuridika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 745
Author(s):  
Syamsuddin Radjab ◽  
Muhammad Ikram Nur Fuady
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Criminal Sanctions ◽  
Public Health Emergencies ◽  
Legal Sanctions ◽  
Social Restriction ◽  
The Government ◽  
Administrative Sanctions

A clear legal umbrella is a basis for the effectiveness of a policy, including in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. However, the inconsistency of the legal umbrella in giving birth legal uncertain, and the public becomes confused. This research aims to critique the Indonesian government's attitude in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic, which began in early 2020 due to the legal umbrella's inconsistency in enforcing different and ineffective legal sanctions at the central government and local governments. The research method used is normative research with a statutory approach. In contrast, the research explained in a descriptive-qualitative way. This research shows that the government considers the Covid-19 pandemic a non-natural disaster and does not lockdown. Meanwhile, the legal umbrella used is the health quarantine law, which requires implementing public health emergencies, almost the same as lockdowns. On the other hand, the Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) policy has a legal basis for a health quarantine law. At the same time, the Covid-19 pandemic situation is a non-natural disaster that should refer to the disaster management law. Furthermore, other results also show ineffective enforcement of legal sanctions, such as criminal sanctions in regional head decisions that can not enforce because PSBB only includes administrative sanctions. In conclusion, the inconsistency of the legal umbrella in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic is very detrimental to the community due to limited human rights, which can lead to legal uncertainty and public distrust of the government.

The Role of Japan DMAT in Tokyo Inland Earthquake

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s44-s44
Author(s):  
Yuichi Koido ◽  
Miho Misaki ◽  
Kayako Chishima ◽  
Yuzuru Kawashima ◽  
Hisayoshi Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Tokyo Bay ◽  
Metropolitan Government ◽  
Inland Earthquake ◽  
The Government ◽  
Disaster Preparedness And Response

Introduction:An inland earthquake is expected to occur in Tokyo in the near future, and disaster preparedness and response measures have been put in place by the government of Japan and local authorities.Methods:Japan Disaster Medical Assistant Teams (DMATs) conducted two large-scale drills for the first time in preparation for a Tokyo inland earthquake, in collaboration with the following participants: the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, disaster base hospitals in Tokyo, three Staging Care Units (SCUs), and neighboring prefectures. One of the scenarios was a north Tokyo Bay earthquake affecting the Tokyo wards and had 142 Japan DMATs participation. Another scenario was Tama inland earthquake affected mid-west of Tokyo and 110 DMATs participated. The drill included headquarters operation, affected hospital support operation, patient transportation within the area and to the wider region, SCU operation, collaboration with associated organizations, and logistics operation.Results:Post-drill assessments identified the following areas that need to be addressed: review of Japan DMAT implementation strategies; improvement of SCUs; establishment of a patient air transportation framework; securing means of patient transportation; improvement of communication systems; strengthening of disaster response of all hospitals in the Tokyo Metropolis; and preparations for survival in the event of isolation caused by the disaster.

Land Use Change and Commodity Frontiers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Cáceres ◽  
Esteban Tapella ◽  
Diego A. Cabrol ◽  
Lucrecia Estigarribia
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Fast Pace ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Management Recommendations

Argentina is experiencing an expansion of soya and maize cultivation that is pushing the agricultural frontier over areas formerly occupied by native Chaco forest. Subsistance farmers use this dry forest to raise goats and cattle and to obtain a broad range of goods and services. Thus, two very different and non-compatible land uses are in dispute. On the one hand subsistance farmers fostering an extensive and diversified forest use, on the other hand, large-scale producers who need to clear out the forest to sow annual crops in order to appropriate soil fertility. First, the paper looks at how these social actors perceive Chaco forest, what their interests are, and what kind of values they attach to it. Second, we analyze the social-environmental conflicts that arise among actors in order to appropriate forest’s benefits. Special attention is paid to the role played by the government in relation to: (a) how does it respond to the demands of the different sectors; and (b) how it deals with the management recommendations produced by scientists carrying out social and ecological research. To put these ideas at test we focus on a case study located in Western Córdoba (Argentina), where industrial agriculture is expanding at a fast pace, and where social actors’ interests are generating a series of disputes and conflicts. Drawing upon field work, the paper shows how power alliances between economic and political powers, use the institutional framework of the State in their own benefit, disregarding wider environmental and social costs. 

Financial and Economic Support of Innovation Processes in the Russian Fuel and Energy Complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
L. D. Kapranova ◽  
T. V. Pogodina
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Substantial Investment ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the current state of the fuel and energy complex (FEC) that ensures generation of a significant part of the budget and the innovative development of the economy.The purpose of the research was to establish priority directions for the development of the FEC sectors based on a comprehensive analysis of their innovative and investment activities. The dynamics of investment in the fuel and energy sector are considered. It is noted that large-scale modernization of the fuel and energy complex requires substantial investment and support from the government. The results of the government programs of corporate innovative development are analyzed. The results of the research identified innovative development priorities in the power, oil, gas and coal sectors of the fuel and energy complex. The most promising areas of innovative development in the oil and gas sector are the technologies of enhanced oil recovery; the development of hard-to-recover oil reserves; the production of liquefied natural gas and its transportation. In the power sector, the prospective areas are activities aimed at improving the performance reliability of the national energy systems and the introduction of digital technologies. Based on the research findings, it is concluded that the innovation activities in the fuel and energy complex primarily include the development of new technologies, modernization of the FEC technical base; adoption of state-of-the-art methods of coal mining and oil recovery; creating favorable economic conditions for industrial extraction of hard-to-recover reserves; transition to carbon-free fuel sources and energy carriers that can reduce energy consumption and cost as well as reducing the negative FEC impact on the environment.

TO THE PROBLEMS OF COMBATING CORRUPTION IN MODERN RUSSIA AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF ANTI-CORRUPTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Dranishnikova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Moral Point ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

In the article, the author reflects the existing problems of the fight against corruption in the Russian Federation. He focuses on the opacity of the work of state bodies, leading to an increase in bribery and corruption. The topic we have chosen is socially exciting in our days, since its significance is growing on a large scale at all levels of the investigated aspect of our modern life. Democratic institutions are being jeopardized, the difference in the position of social strata of society in society’s access to material goods is growing, and the state of society is suffering from the moral point of view, citizens are losing confidence in the government, and in the top officials of the state.

Meta-Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morten Egeberg ◽  
Jarle Trondal
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Reform Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Government Agencies ◽  
Instrumental Control

Chapter 8 draws attention to meta-governance and how the governing of reforms is affected by how reform processes are organized. The chapter asks how reformers can ensure support for large-scale reforms that are likely to attract profound resistance. The focal point of the chapter is a study of geographical decentralization of central government agencies. The chapter argues that successful meta-governance can be provided for by careful organization of the reform process. The empirical case studied is a large-scale relocation of government agencies in Norway during the early 2000s. In carrying out this reform, the government succeeded against the odds. Most importantly, research has revealed huge constraints on the instrumental control of large-scale reforms in general and of geographical relocation of organizations in particular. Yet, this chapter shows that large-scale reforms can be successfully achieved through careful crafting of the reform organization.

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