Systematization and Sharing of Disaster Management Literacy by DMLH

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reo Kimura ◽  
◽  
Haruo Hayashi ◽  
Shingo Suzuki ◽  
Kosuke Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
General Public ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
The United States ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Incident Command

The concept we propose for a disaster management literacy hub (DMLH) involves systemizing and generalizing disaster management literacy (DML) and discussing how to design such a DMLH where the general public and disaster responders share materials on DML. In the early 21stcentury, measures against large-scale earthquakes should essentially include both hardware disaster mitigation measures like the construction of appropriate structures and software measures like disaster preparedness among people and organizations such as the general public, disaster responders and related organizations. We define knowledge about disaster response management and competency as DML. Our analysis of documents on the incident command system (ICS), an emergency response system under the United States Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), found 56 positions of disaster responders in ICS defined by 35 actions required for four types of disaster response competency. The above analysis led us to propose that DML consist of three elements: knowledge for learning about disaster management and mitigation, skills required for effective disaster response, and basic competency and attitudes for coping with disasters. For conceptual DMLH design based on the Instructional Design (ID), we propose three types of learning:1 The general public and disaster responders learn audiovisually using training videos and materials and review tests on learn from videos.2 People who want to provide education and training at schools or in regions or municipalities with school teacher guidance/teaching plans learn how to do so.3 People learn DML by posting or searching for (collecting and arranging) materials.We discuss how to publish such learning programs, taking as a specific example a life reconstruction support system (to put disaster victims’ lives back in order) based on victims’ master database.

scholarly journals Beyond ICS: How Should We Govern Complex Disasters in the United States?

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branda Nowell ◽  
Toddi Steelman
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Network Governance ◽  
Governance Structures ◽  
Incident Command System ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Complex Disasters ◽  
Private Actors

Abstract The complexity of large-scale disasters requires governance structures that can integrate numerous responders quickly under often chaotic conditions. Complex disasters – by definition – span multiple jurisdictions and activate numerous response functions carried out by numerous legally autonomous public, nonprofit, and private actors. The command operating structure of the Incident Command System (ICS) is a hierarchical structure used to manage complex incidents. Increasingly, complex disasters are seen as networks of multiple actors. Improving our capacity to respond to large-scale, complex disasters requires moving beyond the “hierarchy versus networks” debate to understand the conditions under which governance structures can best serve disaster response goals. Understanding the capabilities and limitations of the governance structures embedded in our national policy tools and frameworks can enhance our ability to govern effectively in networked contexts. In this article, we suggest the need to shift focus to build greater capacity for hybrid and network governance approaches, including a more sophisticated understanding of the conditions under which these governance forms are most effective.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING OF DISASTER-RESILIENT VILLAGE IN GARUT REGENCY

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rd. Ahmad Buchari ◽  
Ivan Darmawan ◽  
Kurnia Muhamad Ramdhan
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Institutional Capacity Building ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Institutional Relationships

Disaster may occur anytime and anywhere, and is generally unpredictable. Therefore, the most important to do is disaster management to minimize any harmful impacts of disaster. To be more effective and efficient, it needs to involve all related parties. In regions, the relationship between village institutions is of high importance in disaster mitigation. This is because it is village administration (government) that is in direct relationship with community, and that the latter is one directly impacted by disasters in regions. Thus, in the context of disaster mitigation, the relationship between village institutions should be strengthened. Accordingly, the problem studied in the present research was, how is the strengthening of institutional relationships of villages in Garut Regency?. The research method used was a qualitative method. The data collection techniques used were interview and observation. Interview was conducted with village officials and Destana volunteers. And observation was performed in the field on the activities conducted relating to disaster mitigation measures in the four villages which were the research objects, namely, Pasawahan, Rancabango, Mekarjaya, and Karyamekar.The research result revealed that the institutions in the four villages have been good enough but still need to be strengthened in the context of disaster management. The four villages were vulnerable to disasters and have had Destana instrument as a guard of disaster management at village level. In view of the research result, it is suggested that village officials improve their disaster management by, among others, conducting socialization on disaster risks, ways of lessening disaster occurrences, and ways of minimizing losses in case a disaster really occurs. 

scholarly journals (A226) Establishing a Framework for Synchronizing Critical Decision Making with Information Analysis during a Health/Medical Emergency

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s61-s61 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Paturas ◽  
J. Pelazza ◽  
R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Incident Management ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Information Analysis ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
State And Local

BackgroundThe Yale New Haven Center for Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Response (YNH-CEPDR) has worked in the United States with state and local health and medical organizations to evaluate critical decision making activities and to develop decision making tools and protocols to enhance decision making in a time sensitive environment. YNH-CEPDR has also worked with international organizations and US federal agencies to support situational awareness activities in simulated and real world events.ObjectivesDuring this session YNH-CEPDR will share the best practices from recent events such as the H1N1 response and the Haiti Earthquake. Participants will be engaged in discussions regarding overall framework for successful information collection, analysis and dissemination to support decision making based on these experiences. This session will also incorporate concepts provided by the US National Incident Management System (NIMS) and the Incident Command System (ICS), specifically through the development of Situational Reports (SitReps), Incident Action Plans (IAP) and Job Action Sheets as methods to implement the framework and concepts discussed. Participants will be led through a series of scenario-based discussions to allow application of critical decision making factors to their organization. At the conclusion of the session, participants will be able to identify next steps for enhancing the synchronization of critical decision making and information analysis within their organizations.

Current Status of Disaster Preparedness of Pharmacies and Differences in Disaster Awareness Based on Pharmacy Size

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayoko Ozeki ◽  
Toshiyuki Ojima
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe prevention of deaths caused indirectly by disasters is important, especially for evacuees requiring medication. Pharmacies play a major role in providing medication to disaster victims. Therefore, this study evaluated the current status of disaster preparedness among pharmacies, the extent of disaster awareness and knowledge of disaster mitigation measures, and any associations of these with the characteristics of pharmacies.MethodsQuestionnaires about disaster preparedness were sent to 337 pharmacies in Japan, in a region at high risk of major earthquakes. Tabulation analyses were carried out to examine the characteristics of pharmacies and then a logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between disaster awareness and the level of preparedness of pharmacies. Furthermore, to examine in detail any differences associated with pharmacy size, subgroup analyses were performed.ResultsHigh disaster awareness was significantly correlated with adequate disaster preparedness. However, in the subgroup analyses, no significant differences were observed among large pharmacies. In contrast, disaster awareness was significantly related to the disaster preparedness of small pharmacies.ConclusionThe findings suggest that the disaster preparedness of pharmacies is related to the level of disaster awareness, highlighting the importance of disaster awareness activities in ordinary times before a disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2019;13:753–757)

Special Issue on the Worst Disaster Damage Scenarios Resulting National Crisis and Reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-815
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Kawata ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Disaster Resilience ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Damage Scenarios ◽  
National Crisis

The 2011 Great East Japan earthquake has shown all too clearly that disaster management and mitigation measures seen from the viewpoint of protecting society are not sufficient for addressing a national crisis such as the projected Nankai Trough earthquake or Tokyo inland earthquake whose damage is expected to exceed the present estimated damage. Our study explores the weakness against disasters in how modern Japanese society uses “reverse thinking” in which investigates studying how large-scale disasters may adversely affect society and increase damage effectively. This process profiles the worst disaster scenarios that could conceivably lead to a national crisis. Classifying these worst scenarios, we suggest policies to the problems that are common to many scenarios, and we present action plans for individual problems. First, we conduct workshops for identifying damage magnification factors and evaluating their importance under the categories of human damage, property damage, and damage to social functions, unifying the awareness of research organization. Second, we have researchers on 1) mortality, 2) tsunami inundation, 3) liquefaction, 4) capital function, 5) evacuation, 6) required assistance, 7) lifelines, 8) high buildings, 9) information networks, 10) government systems, and 11) economic systems analyze damage magnification conditions due to hazard, vulnerability and measure aspects. Third, we sort potential final consequences and separate them based on commonality, and propose new policies and concrete action plans for preventing the occurrence of worst-case scenarios. This research is expected to give new paradigms in disaster management science and new ways of policy making and action planning that will minimize the undesirable consequences of catastrophic earthquake and tsunami and yield new knowledge on disaster processes and damage magnification scenarios. Most importantly, we conclude that it is necessary to have a new Japanese governmental organization, such as a Ministry of Disaster Resilience or a Disaster Resilience Management Agency, handle these national crises.

Disaster Management: An Introduction to the Incident Command System (ICS)

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 145-148
Author(s):  
Ronald L. D'Acchioli
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
The State ◽  
Incident Command System ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Valuable Lesson ◽  
Management Scheme

SUMMARYThe Incident Command System is a personnel and resource management scheme which has several interactive components which make it an effective plan.This system is being used effectively in the State of California for the control of large scale incidents on a daily basis. Dr. Rodney Herbert of London advised us not long ago, during his presentation of the “Moorgate Incident”, an event in which he participated, that a valuable lesson was learned as that catastrophe unfolded and was managed by local emergency services agencies. The lesson learned was that “special plans” for disaster management which sit on a shelf to collect dust while awaiting the event soon become of little use through inactivity. His message was that the protocols used by emergency services agencies for disaster management should merely be an extension of the day-to-day activities of that agency.

scholarly journals Use of Incident Command System for Disaster Preparedness: A Model for an Emergency Department COVID-19 Response

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra Farcas ◽  
Justine Ko ◽  
Jennifer Chan ◽  
Sanjeev Malik ◽  
Lisa Nono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Disaster Plan ◽  
Incident Command System ◽  
Incident Command ◽  
Optimal Coordination ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Operations Center

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented demands on health systems, where hospitals have become overwhelmed with patients amidst limited resources. Disaster response and resource allocation during such crises present multiple challenges. A breakdown in communication and organization can lead to unnecessary disruptions and adverse events. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) promotes the use of an incident command system (ICS) model during large-scale disasters, and we hope that an institutional disaster plan and ICS will help to mitigate these lapses. In this article, we describe the alignment of an emergency department (ED) specific Forward Command structure with the hospital ICS and address the challenges specific to the ED. Key components of this ICS include a hospital-wide incident command or Joint Operations Center (JOC) and an ED Forward Command. This type of structure leads to a shared mental model with division of responsibilities that allows institutional adaptations to changing environments and maintenance of specific roles for optimal coordination and communication. We present this as a model that can be applied to other hospital EDs around the country to help structure the response to the COVID-19 pandemic while remaining generalizable to other disaster situations.

Aplikasi Quick Response Code (QR Code) untuk Pelayanan Pendaftaran Tanah Pertama Kali

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-138
Author(s):  
M Alif Usman ◽  
Arief Syaifullah ◽  
Suharno Suharno
Keyword(s):  
Active Faults ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Disaster Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Land Acquisition ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Community Ownership ◽  
Quick Response Code ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Ownership Rights

Abstract: Based on the results of studies from the Indonesian earthquake map revision team (in Irsyam, M, et al, 2010) the active geological structure that passes through Palu City is in the form of PKF (Palu Koro Fault) and MF (Matano Fault) both are active faults that are often found around the Palu valley . The series of disasters that occurred on 28 September 2018 were caused by tectonic movements on the Korro Palu Fault. Therefore Palu City is required to have disaster mitigation measures. After the zoning of disaster-prone space in Palu City and surrounding areas that divides Palu City into 4 Zoning namely ZRB 4, ZRB 3, ZRB 2 and ZRB 1. Then there is the Determination of Land Acquisition Locations planned for permanent housing construction for disaster victims that overlap with ZRB 3, where in this zoning there is a prohibition to build new dwellings on it and there are those that overlap with community ownership rights. So that the need for disaster mitigation measures in the form of Disaster-Based Land Acquisition Potential Maps. In this map provides information on locations that are outside ZRB 4 and ZRB 3 and do not overlap with community ownership rights.Keyword: Disaster, Land Acquisition, Palu CityIntisari: Berdasarkan hasil studi dari tim revisi peta gempa Indonesia (dalam Irsyam, M, dkk, 2010) struktur geologi aktif yang melewati Kota Palu adalah berupa PKF (Palu Koro Fault) dan MF (Matano Fault) keduanya merupakan sesar aktif yang banyak dijumpai disekitar lembah Palu. Rentetan bencana yang terjadi pada tanggal 28 September 2018 disebabkan adanya pergerakan tektonik pada Patahan Palu Korro. Oleh sebab itu Kota Palu diharuskan memiliki tindakan mitigasi bencana. Setelah adanya zonasi ruang rawan bencana di Kota Palu dan sekitarnya yang membagi Kota Palu menjadi 4 Zonasi yaitu ZRB 4, ZRB 3, ZRB 2 dan ZRB 1. Kemudian adanya Penetapan Lokasi Pengadaan Tanah yang direncanakan untuk dibangun hunian tetap untuk korban bencana yang bertampalan dengan ZRB 3, dimana dalam zonasi ini ada larangan untuk membangun hunian baru diatasnya serta ada yang bertampalan dengan hak kepemilikan masyarakat. Sehingga perlu adanya tindakan mitigasi bencana berupa Peta Potensi Pengadaan Tanah Berbasis Kebencanaan. Dalam peta ini memberikan informasi lokasi-lokasi yang berada diluar ZRB 4 dan ZRB 3 serta tidak bertampalan dengan Hak Kepemilikan Masyarakat.Kata Kunci: Bencana, Pengadaan Tanah, Kota Palu

Analysis of Description of Local Disaster Management Plan for Smooth and EffectiveWide-Area Support System During Large-Scale Disaster

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneyoshi Numada ◽  
◽  
Shinya Kondo ◽  
Masashi Inoue ◽  
Kimiro Meguro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
System A ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Hyogo Prefecture ◽  
Cooperation System

This paper gives attention to the phase of safety of work in wide-area support and considers differences in description in local disaster management plans drafted by supporting local governments and supported ones, assuming that standardization of such descriptions could bring more smooth and effective implementation of plans. This paper targets desirable directions toward arrangement for a highly effective wide-area cooperation system. A framework is introduced in examining on what wide-area support should be like, referring to previous studies on actual situation of the support at the time of the 1995 Southern Hyogo Prefecture Earthquake and of the 2004Mid Niigata Prefecture Earthquake. Then the disaster response activities in wide-area support are examines and local disaster management plans among different local governments are compared and differences in descriptions in plans. Necessary information for supporting sides and introduces the exchange of opinions with Kawasaki City that stood on the supporting side after the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake is discussed. To make cooperation among the Japanese Government, prefectures, and municipalities more effective, the description of local disaster management plans should be standardized to some degree.

The Role of Aeromedical Transportation in Global Disaster Health Care

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Yancey
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
United States Air Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aeromedical Evacuation ◽  
Patient Transport ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Hazardous Area

AbstractThere are several unique aspects of aeromedical transportation that render it vital to the overall management of disaster emergencies. Valuable time can be saved in moving medical expertise, supplies, and equipment into the disaster area as well as in moving victims out of the hazardous area quickly and in large numbers. Chaotic ground traffic at and near the disaster scene as well as environmental obstacles en route often may be avoided. Large numbers of disaster victims can be cared for efficiently en route by proportionately fewer health care personnel than is possible using traditional land carriers due to the concentration of many patients in one aircraft. Patients with similar injuries (e.g., burns) can be routed to and concentrated in centralized institutions that specialize in the care of those specific injuries. The plans for execution of the foregoing should include the use of military troop-transport aircraft that may be converted easily for patient transport. Also, military personnel should be involved, as they are part of a highly organized structure that can be mobilized more easily and swiftly than can most civilian organizations. The United States Air Force aeromedical evacuation policies and management structure is reviewed with attention directed toward additions and adaptations of this system needed to allow it to serve global disaster response. Such a highly evolved system will require a governing body with global reach for purposes of coordination and management. The resources for such a system currently exist but such an organization has yet to be formed.

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