A Research of the Elevator Evacuation Performance and Strategies for Taipei 101 Financial Center

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen-Wen Chien ◽  
◽  
Wei-Jou Wen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Main Building ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
Structural Layout ◽  
The World ◽  
Taipei 101 ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Financial Center ◽  
Elevator Evacuation

Issues revolving around the use of elevator evacuation in highrise buildings for emergencies (both firerelated and nonfire-related) have long been under debate. This research investigates the performance of using elevator evacuation in Taipei 101, the second tallest building in the world. Taipei 101 Financial Centre (the main building) is used mainly for office occupancy and contains a total of 61 elevators. The analysis for this study was carried out using simulation results from building EXODUS and FDS. The results show that using elevators as a method of evacuation can help shorten up the time in a nonfire-related emergency, but in the case of fire events, elevator evacuation is less effective due to the nature of the structural layout, reliability of electric power and other factors. The results for nonfire-related evacuation time found in this study correspond to some literature on elevator evacuations from abroad.

scholarly journals Cheating at Craps

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Andrea Marin ◽  
Carey Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Analytical Modeling ◽  
The World ◽  
Simulation Results

Craps is a simple dice game that is popular in casinos around the world. While the rules for Craps, and its mathematical analysis, are reasonably straightforward, this paper instead focuses on the best ways to cheat at Craps, by using loaded (biased) dice. We use both analytical modeling and simulation modeling to study this intriguing dice game. Our modeling results show that biasing a die away from the value 1 or towards the value 5 lead to the best (and least detectable) cheating strategies, and that modest bias on two loaded dice can increase the winning probability above 50%. Our Monte Carlo simulation results provide validation for our analytical model, and also facilitate the quantitative evaluation of other scenarios, such as heterogeneous or correlated dice.

Experimental Study of an Airplane Accident Evacuation/Rescue Simulation Using 3D Kinematic Digital Human Models

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Kakizaki ◽  
Jiro Urii ◽  
Mitsuru Endo
Keyword(s):  
Test Field ◽  
Evacuation Simulation ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
Digital Human Models ◽  
Emergency Exit ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Evacuation Drills ◽  
Walking Speeds ◽  
Mass Evacuation ◽  
Digital Human

The 3D mass evacuation simulation of an airplane accident is experimentally verified. Evacuee motion has been experimentally investigated by building a test field that emulates the interior of an actual regional airliner with a capacity of approximately 100 passengers. The experiment results indicate that the evacuation time tends to be affected by the number of passengers and the evacuee guidance at the emergency exit. The results also indicate that any evacuation delay in exiting by individual passengers only slightly affects the total evacuation time because of evacuee congestion in the aisles. Moreover, the importance of evacuation guidance notification was investigated based on the evacuation-order variance. Finally, the experimental results were compared to the corresponding simulation results. Simulations using appropriate evacuee walking speeds can provide valid evacuation times, which are the most important factor in designing evacuation drills. Consequently, these results should be applied to existing 3D simulations using precise KDH models for more accurate mass evacuation/rescue simulations.

The benefits and disadvantages of the law on the expansion of the jurisdiction of the DIFC Court

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
Tareq Na’el Al-Tawil ◽  
Prabhakar Gantasala ◽  
Hassan Younies
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Limited Volume ◽  
Financial Centre ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Law

Purpose This paper aims to discuss the benefits and disadvantages of the law on the expansion of the jurisdiction of the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) Court. The major role of DIFC Courts in the Arab community is to handle cases related to commerce and business. For a long time, the court had been acting only in their geographical area until a new law was enacted to extend their jurisdiction all over the world. Afterward, a lot of criticism emerged as for why and how the court will benefit from such actions. The law has drawn a harsh response, although most benefits have also been experienced since the court received quite a large number of new signings. Interaction at the world business forum has benefited the economy of Dubai thanks to the law. Design/methodology/approach The following study focuses on a description of such benefits and drawbacks. The study does not evaluate a factual process of expansion but indicates the most distinct evidence of positive, as well as negative consequences of the expansion. Findings It is appropriate to make a general comment on the fact that the expansion of DIFC Court is not sufficiently effective at the current stage. Needless to say, it contains numerous positive aspects, but the gaps are evidently essential because they place the entire Court in a hard circumstance. The Court does not have a well-developed legal framework for its new area of jurisdiction as long as its limited volume of prior precedent is a distinct sign of the Court’s dependence on the UAE’s Law. In such way, DIFC Court will not be able to address issues within new fields of jurisdiction, as it simply lacks an expertise and international law in its legal framework. Moreover, the jurisdiction over new areas of international business was not verified with a plain system of mediation, which is why a current expansion of DIFC Court has to be recognized as redundant. However, its advantages are tending to produce their effects provided that the Court manages to address its current problems. Originality/value The study has described the basic benefits and drawbacks of DIFC Court expansion. To speak about the main benefits, they can be depicted as appliance of the common law, unification of English language for proceedings, presence of a preliminary arbitration and guarantees of award enforcement. In a similar way, the drawbacks of the expansion have been issued. The study has identified such drawbacks as lack of international and sophisticated expertise, untested legal framework, strong influence of forum non conveniens, and existence of a limited volume of prior precedent. The paper has not assessed a success of a factual expansion of DIFC Court jurisdiction, but it has managed to fulfill its primary purpose. Thus, the paper has identified a certain tendency concerning the expansion.

scholarly journals Improvement of turbogenerators as a technical basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
V. V. Shevchenko ◽  
A. N. Minko ◽  
M. Dimov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Independence

The paper defines the directions of improving turbogenerators as the basis for ensuring the energy independence of Ukraine. The analysis of the state, problems and prospects for the development of modern electric power industry. Goal of the work is to identify promising directions for sustainable development of the national electric power industry in order to ensure energy security of Ukraine, to conduct a comparative analysis of electricity sources, to confirm the need to improve the main sources – turbogenerators. Methodology. During the research, an analytical analysis of the electricity sources, which are installed at power plants in Ukraine and the world, was carried out, taking into account the growth of the planet's population and its energy activity. Cyclic theory was chosen as the theoretical basis for forecasting. On the basis of this theory, global development trends, advantages and disadvantages of currently used sources of electricity - thermal (including nuclear) power plants and stations that operate from renewable energy sources - have been established. A review of literary sources on the methods of the energy sector forecasting the development, including the development of the energy sector in Ukraine, has been carried out. Originality. It has been established that due to the active growth of the planet's population, with the increase in its energy activity, obtaining electricity from renewable energy sources is not enough, that for the next 20-30 years nuclear power plants will be the main sources of electricity. The internal and external threats to the energy security of Ukraine, directions of development of turbogenerator construction, ways to improve turbogenerators, to increase their energy efficiency, power per unit of performance, to increase the readiness and maneuverability factors, and overload capacity have been identified. Practical significance. The need to continue the modernization and improvement of the turbogenerators of nuclear power plant units, as the main sources of electricity, has been proved. The directions of their improvement are established: increasing the power in the established sizes, making changes to the design of the turbogenerators inactive elements, replacing the cooling agent to keep Ukrainian turbogenerators at the world level, improving auxiliary systems, improving and increasing the reliability of the excitation system, introduction of automatic systems for monitoring the state turbogenerators. Possible limits of use, advantages, disadvantages and problems of using renewable energy sources for Ukraine have been established.

scholarly journals Financial centers of new industrial countries in the world financial architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-199
Author(s):  
M. Savchenko ◽  
L. Tsybrii
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Social Progress ◽  
Financial Architecture ◽  
The World ◽  
Financial Center ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Financial Center

The views of scholars concerning the definition of «international financial center», which makes it possible to formulate the definition of international financial center essence are summarized in this paper. The factors influencing the formation of international financial center incluing: stable financial system, stable currency, exchange rate stability, political and social stability in the country, favorable geographical location, developed financial infrastructure, open economy for free movement of capital, etc. are identified. The role of international financial centers in increasing their global competitiveness, achieving higher levels of economic growth, prosperity and social progress is substantiated. The classification of international financial centers is investigated. The place of the Hong Kong Financial Center in the financial architecture of the world is determined. The main parameters of the current state of the Hong Kong Financial Center: the USD / HKD exchange rate, the effective exchange rate index weighted by trade, the Hang Seng index, market capitalization, etc. are diagnosed. SWOT-analysis of the Hong Kong Financia Cente is carried out in order to identify its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Based on the results of the problem of its functioning, a set of measures to improve competitiveness is also proposed. Hong Kong has favorable macroeconomic and institutional environment, qualified personnel, and is the fifth most competitive international financial center in the world. However, there is a low degree of international element in the domestic stock market, there is also risk of losing the status of «international financial center», other regional economies that have greater access to international investment opportunities in the stock market, such as Singapore, may be a threat. The financial center should focus on overcoming the effects of the coronavirus, promote the share of foreign investment in the economy, take a set of measures to overcome the country's recession, review legal, regulatory and tax requirements to promote development, improve quality of life and attractiveness, and become Asia's leading currency hub.

Optimal Trajectory Resolution for the Coordination of Two Robots in Contact Operations

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tabarah ◽  
B. Benhabib ◽  
R. G. Fenton ◽  
G. Hexner
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Trajectory ◽  
Coordinate Frame ◽  
Polynomial Functions ◽  
Optimal Layout ◽  
Robot System ◽  
The World ◽  
Specific Contact ◽  
Tool Trajectory ◽  
Optimal Coordination ◽  
Simulation Results

Abstract A new method is presented for the optimal coordination of a two-robot system performing contact operations. One of the robots carries a tool and performs the specific contact operation on a workpiece which is grasped and maneuvered by the second robot. The two robots move simultaneously relative to each other so that the tool maintains contact with the workpiece while moving along its prescribed trajectory at a constant speed. This prescribed trajectory, which is specified with respect to the workpiece frame, is thus resolved into a pair of conjugate trajectories, one for each robot, and specified in the world coordinate frame. This resolution process does not yield a unique solution, i.e. there exist an infinity of conjugate-trajectory pairs corresponding to a given tool trajectory. This paper presents a technique for resolving the original tool trajectory, where the robots’ conjugate trajectories are parameterized using polynomial functions. A method is then developed for selecting the optimal pair of conjugate trajectories on the basis of minimizing a given choice of cost function. This optimization is further enhanced by coupling it to a procedure for selecting the optimal layout of the robots within the workcell, resulting in the best possible solutions. Numerical simulation results support the validity of the proposed technique.

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