Wave Dispersion Effect in the Indian Ocean Tsunami

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinori Shigihara ◽  
◽  
Koji Fujima
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Arrival Time ◽  
Frequency Dispersion ◽  
Wave Dispersion ◽  
Tsunami Source ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Dispersion Effect ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Process Dispersion ◽  
Runup Height

We conducted a numerical simulation that takes into account the effect of wave frequency dispersion in the Indian Ocean Tsunami that occurred on December 26, 2004. A leapfrog-implicit numerical scheme based on Shigihara et al. [6] is applicable to practical simulation. Dispersion effect is negligible for the runup to the northwest coast of Sumatra Island. At the west side of tsunami source, if the aim of simulation is the reproduction of detailed propagation process, dispersion should be considered in Sri Lanka. If maximum runup height and tsunami arrival time are required, however, dispersion may be negligible.

Experimental Verification of FEMA P646 Tsunami Loading

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panitan Lukkunaprasit ◽  
◽  
Nuttawut Thanasisathit ◽  
Harry Yeh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Runup Height

The 2004 catastrophe of the Indian Ocean tsunami prompted scientists and engineers to develop better guidelines for economically designed essential buildings that are capable of withstanding tsunami forces. A recent design guidelines document – FEMA P646 [1] published by the US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) – proposes a practical method to estimate the tsunami design forces at a given locality with a known maximum tsunami runup height. This paper focuses on verifying the method stipulated in FEMA P646 through laboratory experiments, assuming the beach condition similar to Kamala beach in Phuket, Thailand, which suffered great losses by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Our experimental results confirm that the predicted forces provide a reasonable upper bound for the measured forces.

Wave Dispersion Study in the Indian Ocean-Tsunami of December 26, 2004

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Horrillo ◽  
Zygmunt Kowalik ◽  
Yoshinori Shigihara
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Wave Dispersion ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Survey Results of the Indian Ocean Tsunami in the Maldives

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Fujima ◽  
Yoshinori Shigihara ◽  
Takashi Tomita ◽  
Kazuhiko Honda ◽  
Hisamichi Nobuoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Myanmar Coastal Area Field Survey after the December 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tint Lwin Swe ◽  
Kenji Satake ◽  
Than Tin Aung ◽  
Yuki Sawai ◽  
Yukinobu Okamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Real Time ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Sumatra Earthquake ◽  
The West ◽  
Tide Level ◽  
The Indian Ocean

A post-tsunami survey was conducted along the Myanmar coast two months after the 2004 Great Sumatra earthquake ( Mw=9.0) that occurred off the west coast of Sumatra and generated a devastating tsunami around the Indian Ocean. Visual observations, measurements, and a survey of local people's experiences with the tsunami indicated some reasons why less damage and fewer casualties occurred in Myanmar than in other countries around the Indian Ocean. The tide level at the measured sites was calibrated with reference to a real-time tsunami datum, and the tsunami tide level range was 2–3 m for 22 localities in Myanmar. The tsunami arrived three to four hours after the earthquake.

scholarly journals Applicability of the Decision Matrix of North Eastern Atlantic, Mediterranean and connected seas Tsunami Warning System to the Italian tsunamis

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 843-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tinti ◽  
L. Graziani ◽  
B. Brizuela ◽  
A. Maramai ◽  
S. Gallazzi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Tsunami Warning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tsunami Source ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Decision Matrix ◽  
Tsunami Warning System ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Mediterranean

Abstract. After the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami catastrophe, UNESCO through the IOC (Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission) sponsored the establishment of Intergovernmental Coordination Groups (ICG) with the aim to devise and implement Tsunami Warning Systems (TWSs) in all the oceans exposed to tsunamis, in addition to the one already in operation in the Pacific (PTWS). In this context, since 2005, efforts have begun for the establishment of TWSs in the Indian Ocean (IOTWS), in the Caribbean area (CARIBE EWS) and in the North Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean and Connected Seas (NEAMTWS). In this paper, we focus on a specific tool that was first introduced in the PTWS routine operations, i.e., the Decision Matrix (DM). This is an easy-to-use table establishing a link between the main parameters of an earthquake and the possible ensuing tsunami in order to make quick decision on the type of alert bulletins that a Tsunami Warning Center launches to its recipients. In the process of implementation of a regional TWS for the NEAM area, two distinct DMs were recently proposed by the ICG/NEAMTWS, one for the Atlantic and the other for the entire Mediterranean area. This work applies the Mediterranean NEAMTWS DM to the earthquakes recorded in Italy and compares the action predicted by the DM vs. the action that should be appropriate in view of the observed tsunami characteristics with the aim to establish how good the performance of the Italian TWS will be when it uses the DM for future events. To this purpose, we make use of the parametric catalogue of the Italian earthquakes (CPTI04) compiled in 2004 and the most recent compilation of the Italian tsunami, based on the Italian Tsunami Catalogue of 2004 and the subsequent revisions. In order to better compare the TWS actions, we have identified four different kinds of action coding them from 0 to 3 according to the tsunami severity and have further considered three different distance ranges where these actions apply, that is local, regional and basin-wide, that refer to the distance of the message recipients from the tsunami source. The result of our analysis is that the actions prescribed by the DM are adequate only in 45%–55% of the cases, overestimations are about 37% and underestimations are the rest. As a whole, the predictive ability of the DM is not satisfactory, which implies that recipients have the difficult task in managing bulletins carrying a great deal of uncertainty and on the other hand also suggests that strategies to improve the DM or to go beyond the DM need to be found.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document