Dual-Hierarchical Control Mechanism of Interpersonal Embodied Interactions in Cooperative Walking

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Muto ◽  
◽  
Yoshihiro Miyake ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Motion Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Hierarchical Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Entrainment Process ◽  
Motion Control Mechanism

Interpersonal embodied interactions play a significant role as emergent functions in human development and rehabilitation. However, a framework for applying embodied interactions to “human interface systems” to support such emergent functions has not yet been suggested because the details of the motorcontrol mechanism have not yet been clarified. In this study, the interpersonal cooperative walking motions of two humans, as an example of such a mechanism, have been replicated and their motor-control mechanisms analyzed. The results indicate that the hierarchical dynamics were derived from an interpersonal footstep entrainment process and an intrapersonal interaction of arm and footstep motions. We suggest that embodied interactions in cooperative walking are achieved by a dual-hierarchical control structure related to emergence of the phase-control function of interpersonal cooperative walking, based on an automatic control mechanism for interpersonal entrainment of footstep motions and an intrapersonal voluntary-motion-control mechanism.

scholarly journals Modular Organization of Muscle Synergies to Achieve Movement Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kunkun Zhao ◽  
Zhisheng Zhang ◽  
Haiying Wen ◽  
Zihan Wang ◽  
Jiankang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Motion Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Nonnegative Matrix ◽  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Motor Dysfunction ◽  
Muscle Synergy ◽  
Modular Organization ◽  
Muscle Synergies ◽  
Motion Primitives ◽  
Motion Control Mechanism

Muscle synergy has been applied to comprehend how the central nervous system (CNS) controls movements for decades. However, it is not clear about the motion control mechanism and the relationship between motions and muscle synergies. In this paper, we designed two experiments to corroborate the hypothesis: (1) motions can be decomposed to motion primitives, which are driven by muscle synergy primitives and (2) variations of motion primitives in direction and scale are modulated by activation coefficients rather than muscle synergy primitives. Surface electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded from nine muscles of the upper limb. Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) was applied to extract muscle synergy vectors and corresponding activation coefficients. We found that synergy structures of different movement patterns were similar (α=0.05). The motion modulation indexes (MMI) among movement patterns in reaching movements showed apparent differences. Merging coefficients and reconstructed similarity of synergies between simple motions and complex motions were significant. This study revealed the motion control mechanism of the CNS and provided a rehabilitation and evaluation method for patients with motor dysfunction in exercise and neuroscience.

scholarly journals Intention at the Interface

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Fridland
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Action Control ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Skilled Action ◽  
The Way

AbstractI identify and characterize the kind of personal-level control-structure that is most relevant for skilled action control, namely, what I call, “practical intention”. I differentiate between practical intentions and general intentions not in terms of their function or timing but in terms of their content. I also highlight a distinction between practical intentions and other control mechanisms that are required to explain skilled action. I’ll maintain that all intentions, general and practical, have the function specifying (and thus guiding according to those specifications), sustaining, and structuring action but that several functions that have been attributed to proximal intentions are actually implemented by other control mechanisms that are not themselves best identified as intentions. Specifically, I will claim that practical intentions do not initiate, monitor, specify or guide the fine-grained, online, kinematic aspects of action. Finally, I suggest that the way in which practical and general intentions should be differentiated is in terms of their content, where general intentions specify the overall goal, outcome, or end of an action as it is conceived of by the agent at a time, and practical intentions determine the means to that end. I conclude by providing empirical evidence to support this way of characterizing the intentions that “interface” with the mechanisms of motor control. Though this discussion has repercussions for action in general, I will limit my discussion to cases of skill.

A Novel Motion Control Mechanism for Satellite Tracking Antenna Using Fuzzy Logic Control of Serial Robot

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani ◽  
Houshyar Asadi ◽  
Shady Mohamed ◽  
Saeid Nahavandi ◽  
Joseph Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Motion Control ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Control ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Satellite Tracking ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Serial Robot ◽  
Motion Control Mechanism
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