scholarly journals Reactive Black 5 Removal with Electro-Oxidation Method using Ti/IrO2/RuO2 Anode and Stainless Steel Cathode

2018 ◽  
pp. 3288-3296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burhanettin Farizoğlu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Oxidation Method ◽  
Stainless Steel Cathode ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Steel Cathode

Pilot Study of the Analytical Performance of the Pulsed Hollow Cathode Discharge Emission Source

1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 890-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangjun Cai ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Hollow Cathode ◽  
Hollow Cathode Discharge ◽  
Analytical Performance ◽  
Pulsed Discharge ◽  
Stainless Steel Cathode ◽  
Steel Cathode ◽  
Discharge Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

Proper conditioning of the hollow cathode by sputtering is critical to the analytical performance of the hollow cathode. A pulsed discharge procedure was developed to condition the 1.5- × 5-mm stainless steel cathode. A scanning electron microscope was used to study the surface structure resulting from the conditioning. The resulting hollow bottom was bulb-shaped and the surface was mirror-like, very smooth, and shiny. The emission intensities from smooth cathodes were greater that those from the rough ones. The precision obtained here was 3–5% for Na, 5–8% for Li, and 4–10% for K. Three working curves for each element were made on different days with different cathodes that had been conditioned in the same manner for 4 h by sputtering. The three working curves virtually coincided when plotted in the same figure, demonstrating the precision and reproducibility from day to day of the hollow cathode discharge method as developed in this laboratory. The 3-σ detection limits calculated from slopes of working curves are 0.32 pg, 0.35 pg, and 3.2 pg for Na, Li, and K, respectively.

scholarly journals Combining phosphate species and stainless steel cathode to enhance hydrogen evolution in microbial electrolysis cell (MEC)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo DeSilva Munoz ◽  
Benjamin Erable ◽  
Luc Etcheverry ◽  
Julien Riess ◽  
Régine Basséguy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Stainless Steel Cathode ◽  
Phosphate Species ◽  
Steel Cathode ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis

scholarly journals Study on the Effect of Electrochemical Dechlorination Reduction of Hexachlorobenzene Using Different Cathodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingru Wang ◽  
Xiaohua Lu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Reductive Dechlorination ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Stainless Steel Cathode ◽  
Reductive Process ◽  
Steel Cathode

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is a persistent organic pollutant and poses great threat on ecosystem and human health. In order to investigate the degradation law of HCB, a RuO2/Ti material was used as the anode, meanwhile, zinc, stainless steel, graphite, and RuO2/Ti were used as the cathode, respectively. The gas chromatography (GC) was used to analyze the electrochemical products of HCB on different cathodes. The results showed that the cathode materials significantly affected the dechlorination efficiency of HCB, and the degradation of HCB was reductive dechlorination which occurred only on the cathode. During the reductive process, chlorine atoms were replaced one by one on various intermediates such as pentachlorobenzene, tetrachlorobenzene, and trichlorobenzene occurred; the trichlorobenzene was obtained when zinc was used as cathode. The rapid dechlorination of HCB suggested that the electrochemical method using zinc or stainless steel as cathode could be used for remediation of polychlorinated aromatic compounds in the environment. The dechlorination approach of HCB by stainless steel cathode could be proposed.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN ELEKTROOSMOSIS UNTUK PENGERINGAN SLUDGE DARI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR

REAKTOR ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Darmawan Darmawan ◽  
Dyah Tjahyandari Suryaningtyas ◽  
Juniska Muria Sariningpuri
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Stainless Steel Cathode ◽  
Steel Cathode ◽  
Semi Solid

APPLICATION OF ELECTROOSMOSIS FOR DEWATERING OF SLUDGE FROM WASTE WATER TREATMENT. Wastewater treatment produces semi-solid residue (sludge) that must be handled carefully during dumping and discharge to avoid polluting the environment. A low cost and easy treatment of dewatering is needed. This research aimed to apply electroosmosis technique for dewatering sludge in order to seek for parameters that can efficiently reduce water content of sludge, including range of voltage, type of electrodes, and distance between electrodes; and to determine the effect of electroosmosis processes on changes of chemical characteristics of sludge. The results showed that: (1) electroosmosis dewatering occurred on the sludge taken from waste water treatment of landfill but not on sludge from water purification plant (PDAM), (2) direct current voltage of 30 volts was the optimum voltage, (3) copper rod cathode provided electroosmosis process as good as stainless steel cathode and both were better than the woven stainless steel cathode, (4) the dewatering time to reduce 1200% (w/w) water content to about 400% was about 40 hours for sludge of 2500 cm3 in volume (laboratory bench scale), (5) the anode need to reinserted gradually approaching the cathode due to current lost when the water content at the anode point reached 400% and sludge at the point shrink, and (6) some chemical elements in the sludge decreased significantly after treatment. Pengolahan limbah cair menghasilkan residu berupa bahan semi padat yang dikenal sebagai sludge. Sludge tersebut juga perlu dikelola penyimpanan dan pembuangannya agar tidak mencemari lingkungan. Salah satu pengelolaan sludge yang perlu dilakukan adalah pengeringan (dewatering). Salahsatu teknik dewatering yang mungkin diterapkan ialah teknik elektroosmosis, yaitu teknik yang memanfaatkan adanya pergerakan air pada media poros di dalam medan istrik searah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari parameter sistem dewatering secara elektroosmosis yang dapat menurunkan kadar air sludge paling efisien dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh elektroosmosis terhadap karakteristik kimia sludge. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) pengeringan sludge terjadi pada jenis sludge IPAL TPA namun tidak pada jenis lumpur PDAM; (2) tegangan listrik searah sekitar 30 volt merupakan tegangan optimum; (3) katoda batang tembaga menghasilkan proses elektroosmosis yang sebanding katoda batang stainless steel dan lebih baik dibanding katoda stainless steel anyam; (4) waktu pengeringan dari kadar air awal 1200% (b/b) hingga kadar air akhir sekitar 400% untuk volume sludge 2500 cm3 (skala laboratorium) sekitar 40 jam; (5) anoda perlu dipindahkan secara bertahap mendekati katoda karena arus terputus pada saat sludge di titik anoda mencapai kadar air sekitar 400% dan mengalami pengerutan; dan (6) kadar beberapa unsur kimia dalam sludge menurun secara signifikan setelah perlakuan.

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