scholarly journals Prediction of atmospheric corrosion from meteorological parameters: Case of the atmospheric basin of the Costa Rican Western Central Valley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Rodríguez-Yáñez ◽  
Erick Rivera-Fernández ◽  
Daniel Alvarado-González ◽  
Mariela Abdalah-Hernández ◽  
Rafael Quirós-Quirós
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Empirical Equations ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Study Region

The assessment of atmospheric corrosion is currently based on studies of atmospheric basins (AB). The models applied to the estimation of atmospheric corrosion imply measurements of several meteorological and atmospheric pollution parameters, which make the estimation complex. The main meteorological parameters to be considered in tropical atmospheric corrosion are associated with temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH). These parameters are also included in the calculation of the time of humidification (TDH). In addition, the atmospheric pollutants associated with corrosion are chloride (Cl) and sulphur dioxide (SO2). The Western Central Valley (WCV) in Costa Rica is a low-pollution AB; therefore, it is possible to employ simplified atmospheric corrosion models based on few atmospheric parameters. The meteorological parameters of the study region were analyzed in terms of their dependence on altitude and their applicability in simplified empirical equations of the corrosion rate (Vcorr) for the WCV. These simple relations were compared with the model proposed by the ISO 9223-2012 standard.

Analysis of Atmospheric Pollutants in Bucharest in Correlation with Meteorological Parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2005-2011
Author(s):  
Marin Rusanescu ◽  
Carmen Otilia Rusanescu ◽  
Gigel Paraschiv
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Traffic Pollutants

In this paper we analyze the correlation between meteorological parameters (wind speed and direction, relative humidity, air temperature) and atmospheric pollutants in Bucharest during the cold period 26.02.2018-02.03.2018, which was based on the monitoring of the concentrations of nitrogen oxides, NO2, O3 and SO2 sulfur dioxide within 24 h and the occurrence of exceedances above the prescribed limit. It was found based on the results obtained that the wind direction influences not only the concentrations of pollutants but also the correlation between the pollutants. Traffic pollutants were at the highest concentration when the wind speed was low. We have found that the highest average concentration for NO2, NOx, NO, O3 occurred at 90% indicative humidity for vertical mixing of strong pollutants. Sulfur dioxide did not record exceeding over the limit standard in the analyzed period.

scholarly journals Complementary nature of surface and atmospheric parameters associated with Haiti earthquake of 12 January 2010

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1299-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh P. Singh ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Haiti Earthquake ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Surface Latent Heat Flux ◽  
Complementary Nature ◽  
Earthquake Event ◽  
Atmospheric Perturbations

Abstract. The present paper describes surface (surface air temperature) and atmospheric parameters (relative humidity, surface latent heat flux) over the epicenter (18°27´25´´ N 72°31´59´´ W) of Haiti earthquake of 12 January 2010. Our analysis shows pronounced changes in surface and atmospheric parameters few days prior to the main earthquake event. Changes in relative humidity are found from the surface up to an altitude of 500 hPa clearly show atmospheric perturbations associated with the earthquake event. The purpose of this paper is to show complementary nature of the changes observed in surface, atmospheric and meteorological parameters. The total ozone concentration is found to be lowest on the day of earthquake and afterwards found to be increased within a week of earthquake. The present results show existence of coupling between lithosphere-atmosphere associated with the deadly Haiti earthquake.

Effect of Thickness of Water Film on Atmospheric Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 221-224
Author(s):  
Yuji Hosoya ◽  
Tadashi Shinohara ◽  
Shin-ichi Motoda ◽  
Wataru Oshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Adsorbed Water ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Adsorbed Water Film

Atmospheric corrosion for carbon steel was discussed with taking notice of the relation between the corrosion rate, CR, and the thickness of adsorbed water film, d, onto deposited sea salt. Amount of water adsorbed onto sea salt was measured under various conditions of amount of deposited sea salt, Ws, and relative humidity, RH. Derived concentration of the solution film was compared with that calculated thermodynamically. Corrosion amount of carbon steel specimens exposed for a month under various Ws and RH was measured and CR along with d were obtained for each condition. The relations of CR to d had the same tendency as is found on “moist corrosion” and “wet corrosion” in Tomashov’s model; However, it showed a maximum CR = 0.29mm/y at d = 56µm, thicker than that reported by Tomashov.

scholarly journals Atmospheric corrosivity in Bogota as a very high-altitude metropolis questions international standards

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (190) ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Fredy Ríos Rojas ◽  
Diego Escobar Ocampo ◽  
Edwin Arbey Hernández García ◽  
Carlos Enrique Arroyave Posada
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Pollution Problem ◽  
One Year ◽  
The City ◽  
Very High ◽  
So2 Concentration

<p>This paper presents the first systematic atmospheric corrosion assessment in Bogota. Main facts about the study are related with special characteristics of the City, such as population (more than eight million inhabitants), and altitude (2600 m over the sea level). Relative humidity, temperature, and SO2 concentration were measured. Simultaneously, corrosion rate of AIS/SAE 1006 plain steel was measured along one year. Results show that atmospheric corrosion is between C<sub>2</sub> – C<sub>3</sub> levels, according to the ISO 9223 standard. Nevertheless, estimations from meteorological parameters produce lower corrosivities and, taking into account SO2 concentrations, corrosivities in places with higher relative humidity, are higher than corrosivities measured on steel coupons. In general, the main pollution problem is particulate matter, but higher corrosion rates were directly associated with SO2 levels. Gaps between found results and international estimation methodologies are evident. Some explanations about that, are proposed.<strong></strong></p>

Improved Atmospheric Corrosion Testing for Aluminum Alloys, Part I: Deconstructing ASTM G85-A2

CORROSION ◽  
10.5006/3334 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Mary E. Parker ◽  
Robert G. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
Corrosion Damage ◽  
Spray Chamber ◽  
Testing Environment ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Dwell Period

In this work, the testing environment generated during ASTM G85-A2 exposure was deconstructed for two different commercial salt spray chambers. It was found that relative humidity (RH) control was critical to obtaining consistent results among different salt spray chamber designs, and seemingly small differences in chamber operation could have a significant impact on RH and associated corrosion damage. When RH was too high during the dwell period of the wet-dry cycle, rinsing of the sample prevented the accumulation of corrosion products along grain boundaries, which was necessary for exfoliation formation. When RH during the dwell period was too low, local anodes stifled during the dry air purge and corrosion rate was very low for most of the repeating 6 hour cycle. This work was the first in a two part study.

scholarly journals AEROSOL SALINITY AND CORROSION RATE OF CARBON STEEL IN NHA TRANG CITY ATMOSPHERE

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Thao Van Bui ◽  
De Vo ◽  
Tan Quang Nguyen ◽  
Tan Huu Nguyen ◽  
Tru Nhi Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
First Year ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Corrosion Rates

Aerosol salinity and atmospheric corrosion rate of carbon steel were determined at six sites in Nhatrang coastal city. The sites have been selected with different distances from the sea and various heights above sea levels. Results show that the aerosol salinity was strongly influenced by salt collecting positions and by various meteorological parameters, especially by wind speed and directions. Corrosion rates of carbon steel were dependent with the aerosol salinity values at all exposure sites. Besides, atmospheric corrosivities for above mentioned sites of Nhatrang city have been classified according to ISO 9223:1992. Nhatrang atmosphere is considered to be in S1 class by aerosol salinity and C3 class by corrosion rate of carbon steel after first year exposure test.

scholarly journals Effects of atmospheric dynamics and aerosols on the fraction of supercooled water clouds

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1847-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiming Li ◽  
Qiaoyi Lv ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Tianhe Wang ◽  
Kazuaki Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Vertical Velocity ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Temporal Correlation ◽  
Supercooled Liquid ◽  
Satellite Observation ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Horizontal Wind

Abstract. Based on 8 years of (January 2008–December 2015) cloud phase information from the GCM-Oriented Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Cloud Product (GOCCP), aerosol products from CALIPSO and meteorological parameters from the ERA-Interim products, the present study investigates the effects of atmospheric dynamics on the supercooled liquid cloud fraction (SCF) during nighttime under different aerosol loadings at global scale to better understand the conditions of supercooled liquid water gradually transforming to ice phase. Statistical results indicate that aerosols' effect on nucleation cannot fully explain all SCF changes, especially in those regions where aerosols' effect on nucleation is not a first-order influence (e.g., due to low ice nuclei aerosol frequency). By performing the temporal and spatial correlations between SCFs and different meteorological factors, this study presents specifically the relationship between SCF and different meteorological parameters under different aerosol loadings on a global scale. We find that the SCFs almost decrease with increasing of aerosol loading, and the SCF variation is closely related to the meteorological parameters but their temporal relationship is not stable and varies with the different regions, seasons and isotherm levels. Obviously negative temporal correlations between SCFs versus vertical velocity and relative humidity indicate that the higher vertical velocity and relative humidity the smaller SCFs. However, the patterns of temporal correlation for lower-tropospheric static stability, skin temperature and horizontal wind are relatively more complex than those of vertical velocity and humidity. For example, their close correlations are predominantly located in middle and high latitudes and vary with latitude or surface type. Although these statistical correlations have not been used to establish a certain causal relationship, our results may provide a unique point of view on the phase change of mixed-phase cloud and have potential implications for further improving the parameterization of the cloud phase and determining the climate feedbacks.

Corrosion Analysis of a Fiber-Optic Transceiver Housing

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lau ◽  
C. L. Jiaa ◽  
S. J. Erasmus
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Die Casting ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Zinc Alloy

Abstract The corrosion responses of a fiber-optic transceiver’s housing with zinc alloy die casting material are investigated in this study. Emphasis is placed on the determination of the weight change and corrosion rate of the housing when it is subjected to a 85% relative humidity and 85°C temperature (85%RH/85°C) test condition. Also, the average light optical power, receiver sensitivity, extinction ratio, and mask margin of transceiver modules subjected to 85%RH/85°C and 3.47V at 500, 1000, 1500, and 1600 hours are provided. Furthermore, metallography is performed on the surfaces and cross sections of the housing. Finally, measurements are made of the thickness of the oxide layer on the surfaces of the fiber-optic transceiver housing.

Research on Prediction of Carbon Steel in SO2 Atmospheric Corrosion Using Grey Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 258-262
Author(s):  
Ping Wang ◽  
Zhao Hui Yin ◽  
Han Tao Ren ◽  
Song Xu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Grey Model ◽  
Fitting Accuracy

The rate of carbon steel in SO2 Atmospheric Corrosion was modeled by grey model GM (1, 1). The accuracy and rationality of prediction model have been evaluated. The result indicated that the model had a better fitting accuracy. By comparing the calculated values with a predicted atmospheric corrosion rate of carbon steel after 264h, it showed that its relative error has been just 0.5619% which had higher forecast reliability.

scholarly journals Measurements and correlations between several atmospheric parameters

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Predrag Kolarz ◽  
Dusan Filipovic
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Parameters ◽  
Air Ions ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Humidity Measurements ◽  
A Site ◽  
Made In ◽  
Strong Inverse Correlation

Diurnal atmospheric air-ion concentrations have been investigated at a site where synchronous aerosol, ozone, temperature and relative humidity measurements were also made. Air-ions, temperature and relative humidity were measured with Gerdien type Cylindrical Detector of Air-Ions (CDI-06) made in the Institute of Physics, Belgrade. Ozone and aerosols were measured with commercial instruments owned by the Institute of Public Health, Belgrade. Typical daily variations of the measured parameters were analyzed and showed that air-ions of both signs and ozone are positively correlated, while aerosols show strong inverse correlation with air-ions. Also, concentrations of air-ions and ozone are decreasing with temperature while aerosol concentration and humidity are increasing. These processes could be explained concerning properties of the specified parameters, measuring place properties and weather conditions.

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