Destination images of visitors attending to travel expo in key markets of Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Volkan Altintas ◽  
Ercan Sirakaya-Turk ◽  
Serkan Bertan
Keyword(s):  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
People’S Perceptions

The objective of the current study was to assess how the origin, education levels, gender, ages and income of expo visitors affected their perceptions of Turkey and what could be done to improve visitors’ perception of Turkey. Data were collected in three expos held in three countries via self-reported survey instruments. Survey instrument included scale items which probed people’s perceptions and images of Turkey along with other relevant variables. There were 264 Germans participants, 332 Dubains, and 94 Russians. Profiles of markets were analyzed using t-tests. The result of this study showed that demographic characteristics of participants affected their perceptions of the destination differently.

Designing and Evaluating Survey Instruments for Research in Human Issues in Horticulture

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 554c-554
Author(s):  
Sonja M. Skelly ◽  
Jennifer Campbell Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Instruments

Survey research has a long precedence of use in the social sciences. With a growing interest in the area of social science research in horticulture, survey methodology needs to be explored. In order to conduct proper and accurate survey research, a valid and reliable instrument must be used. In many cases, however, an existing measurement tool that is designed for specific research variables is unavailable thus, an understanding of how to design and evaluate a survey instrument is necessary. Currently, there are no guidelines in horticulture research for developing survey instruments for use with human subjects. This presents a problem when attempting to compare and reference similar research. This workshop will explore the methodology involved in preparing a survey instrument; topics covered will include defining objectives for the survey, constructing questions, pilot testing the survey, and obtaining reliability and validity information. In addition to these topics some examples will be provided which will illustrate how to complete these steps. At the conclusion of this session a discussion will be initiated for others to share information and experiences dealing with creating survey instruments.

scholarly journals Selection of an instrument to evaluate the organizational environment of nurses working in intensive care: an integrative review

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Brett Abbenbroek ◽  
Christine Duffield ◽  
Doug Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Organizational Environment ◽  
Intensive Care Nurses ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To determine an appropriate survey instrument to evaluate the impact of organizational structures on the work environment of intensive care nurses. Background: Internationally the demand for intensive care is increasing. Solely increasing bed capacity is not sustainable. Large capacity multi-specialty Intensive Care Units are emerging as the preferred organizational model with benefits resulting from optimizing operational synergies and economies of scale. The impact of this organizational transition on intensive care nurses is not well understood. An appropriate survey instrument for intensive care nurses is required. Design: Integrative literature review. Data Sources: CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE and OVID Nursing databases searched for studies published between 2005 and 2013. Review methods: An integrative review and quality assessment of the studies was undertaken to select nurse outcome measures associated with organizational structures across a range of acute and critical care settings. Congruence between nurse outcome measures and nurse survey instruments tested in the literature was assessed to select instruments for further psychometric evaluation. Results: Thirty-one cross sectional quantitative studies, from fourteen countries, were reviewed. Twenty one nurse outcome measures associated with organizational factors were identified and a total of twenty five survey instruments used in the studies reviewed. Assessment of congruence and psychometric properties determined that a combination of two instruments is required to comprehensively assess the organizational environment of nurses working in intensive care units. Conclusion: The environment of nurses working in intensive care is effectively evaluated with an instrument that combines subscales from the Practice Environment Scale-Nurse Work Index and Maslach’s Burnout Inventory. 

scholarly journals Development of character survey instruments in national assessment of Indonesia for physics teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2098 (1) ◽  
pp. 012010
Author(s):  
HY Suhendi ◽  
D Mulhayatiah ◽  
D Nasrudin ◽  
R Ardiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
National Assessment ◽  
Physics Teachers ◽  
Reliable Instrument ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
The Government

Abstrak In order to support the realization of the aspiration to build character as mandated in Pancasila and the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution and to overcome current national problems, the Government of Indonesia has made character education one of the priority programs for national assessment. This is a challenge for educators, teachers and education practitioners to make it happen. However, until now there has been no instrument capable of measuring character. This study aims to determine the development process and the feasibility and benefits of a character survey instrument which is part of a national assessment that must be implemented by teachers to students in schools. The research method used is a development research method with the ADDIE research design coined by Dick and Carry. This research was conducted at several schools in West Java with a sample of 10 physics teachers who were selected by purposive sampling technique. The results showed that the character survey instrument is a valid and reliable instrument with a high category. So, it can be concluded that this character survey instrument is an instrument that is suitable to be used for assess and identify the character of students.

scholarly journals Handwashing and disinfection precautions taken by U.S. adults to prevent coronavirus disease 2019, Spring 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Brown ◽  
E. Rickamer Hoover ◽  
Catherine Barrett ◽  
Kayla L. Vanden Esschert ◽  
Sarah Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Representative Random Sample ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives. The objectives of this study were to assess self-reported hygiene precautions taken by U.S. adults during spring 2020 to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to identify demographic characteristics associated with these hygiene precautions. Results. We obtained data from Porter Novelli Public Services’s national survey, Spring ConsumerStyles, conducted March 19 – April 9, 2020 among a nationally representative random sample of 6,463 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older. We present data from the survey question: “What, if any, precautions are you taking to prevent coronavirus?”. Respondents replied yes or no to the following precautions: washing hands often with soap and water and disinfecting surfaces at home and work often. Most respondents reported taking hygiene-related precautions to prevent COVID-19; more respondents reported handwashing (93%) than disinfecting surfaces (74%). Men, younger respondents, those with lower income and education levels, and respondents in self-rated poor health had lower reported rates of both handwashing and disinfecting surfaces. Communications about hygiene precautions for COVID-19 prevention may need to target sub-populations with the greatest gaps in hygiene-related practices. Research identifying barriers to these practices and developing effective messaging could inform and improve these communications.

The Development and Persistence of Ethnic Voting

1965 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond E. Wolfinger
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Salient Dimension ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Mass immigration ended fifty years ago, but national origins continue to be a salient dimension in many people's perceptions of themselves and of others. Where this salience is widespread, ethnicity plays a major role in politics. Ethnicity is often an important independent variable in voting behavior. “Ethnic voting,” as I shall call it, has two manifestations. (1) Members of an ethnic group show an affinity for one party or the other which cannot be explained solely as a result of other demographic characteristics. Voters of Irish descent, to take a familiar example, are more likely than other voters of similar economic status to be Democrats. (2) Members of an ethnic group will cross party lines to vote for—or against—a candidate belonging to a particular ethnic group.

scholarly journals Using pre- and post-survey instruments in interventions: determining the random response benchmark and its implications for measuring effectiveness

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1043-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C Davis ◽  
Ranju Baral ◽  
Thomas Strayer ◽  
Elena L Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Nutrition Interventions ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Us ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Nutrition Education Program

AbstractObjectiveThe present communication demonstrates that even if individuals are answering a pre/post survey at random, the percentage of individuals showing improvement from the pre- to the post-survey can be surprisingly high. Some simple formulas and tables are presented that will allow analysts to quickly determine the expected percentage of individuals showing improvement if participants just answered the survey at random. This benchmark percentage, in turn, defines the appropriate null hypothesis for testing if the actual percentage observed is greater than the expected random answering percentage.DesignThe analysis is demonstrated by testing if actual improvement in a component of the US Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program is significantly different from random answering improvement.SettingUSA.SubjectsFrom 2011 to 2014, 364320 adults completed a standardized pre- and post-survey administered by the USDA.ResultsFor each year, the statement that the actual number of improvements is less than the expected number if the questions were just answered at random cannot be rejected. This does not mean that the pre-/post-test survey instrument is flawed, only that the data are being inappropriately evaluated.ConclusionsKnowing the percentage of individuals showing improvement on a pre/post survey instrument when questions are randomly answered is an important benchmark number to determine in order to draw valid inferences about nutrition interventions. The results presented here should help analysts in determining this benchmark number for some common survey structures and avoid drawing faulty inferences about the effectiveness of an intervention.

scholarly journals A Survey Instrument to Measure Skeptics’ (Dis)Trust in Climate Science

Climate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Dilshani Sarathchandra ◽  
Kristin Haltinner
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Scientific Authority ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Science Community ◽  
Using Data

Existing survey instruments of trust in science and scientists that focus on the general public are potentially insufficient to assess climate skeptics’ perspectives towards climate science. They may miss important aspects of climate science about which skeptics raise concerns, and may not accurately measure climate skeptics’ distrust in climatology. We introduce a new survey instrument developed using data gathered from interviewing 33 self-identified climate change skeptics in Idaho. The survey items capture skeptics’ beliefs regarding climate scientists’ trustworthiness and credibility, their deference to scientific authority, and their perceptions of alienation from the climate science community. We validate our survey instrument using data from an online survey administered to 1000 residents in the U.S. Pacific Northwest who are skeptical of climate change. By employing standard survey design principles, we demonstrate how our new (dis)trust in climate science instrument performs in tandem with well-known predictors of science attitudes and pro-environmentalism.

scholarly journals Assessing attitudes to ED-based HIV testing: Development of a short-structured survey instrument

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252372
Author(s):  
Aditi Rao ◽  
Emily M. Nagourney ◽  
Victoria H. Chen ◽  
Sarah Hill ◽  
Eili Y. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Hiv Diagnosis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Survey Instruments

Introduction Emergency Department (ED)-based HIV counseling and testing (HCT) has had a significant impact on improving rates of HIV diagnosis and linkage to care. Unfortunately, expansion of this strategy to low- and middle-income countries has been limited. Successful implementation of ED-based HCT is dependent on patient and provider acceptance of the intervention, and their attitudes and pre-existing biases towards the disease. This study sought to develop validated survey instruments to assess attitudes towards ED-based HCT. Methods This cross-sectional study surveyed patients and providers in three EDs in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. A convenience sample of patients and providers in the ED were surveyed. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted using questions on attitudes to HIV testing to develop validated survey instruments. An ANOVA test assessed variance in attitudes towards HCT based on demographic variables collected. Results A total of 104 patient and 132 provider surveys were completed. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 17- and 7-question attitudes survey for patients and providers, respectively. Overall, 92.3% of patients and 70.7% of providers supported ED-based HCT, however, both groups displayed only mildly positive attitudes. Questions representing ‘confidentiality’ and ‘stigma around HIV testing’ had the least positive influence on patients’ overall attitudes. Questions representing ‘comfort with HIV testing’ had the least positive influence on providers’ overall attitudes. Conclusion Our study demonstrated ED patients and providers are generally supportive of ED-based HCT. A validated survey instrument was able to provide a standardized approach to identify barriers to HCT implementation in an ED setting, across contexts. For successful implementation, behavioral interventions must focus on strengthening patient beliefs around confidentiality and the consent process, and providers’ comfort levels with providing HIV testing services in the ED.

scholarly journals Handwashing and disinfection precautions taken by U.S. adults to prevent coronavirus disease 2019, Spring 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Brown ◽  
E. Rickamer Hoover ◽  
Catherine Barrett ◽  
Kayla L. Vanden Esschert ◽  
Sarah Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sample ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Survey Question ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Representative Random Sample ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
At Home

Abstract Objectives. The objectives of this study were to assess self-reported hygiene precautions taken by U.S. adults during spring 2020 to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to identify demographic characteristics associated with these hygiene precautions. Results. We obtained data from Porter Novelli Public Services’s national survey, Spring ConsumerStyles, conducted March 19 – April 9, 2020 among a nationally representative random sample of 6,463 U.S. adults aged 18 years or older. We present data from the survey question: “What, if any, precautions are you taking to prevent coronavirus?”. Respondents replied yes or no to the following precautions: washing hands often with soap and water and disinfecting surfaces at home and work often. Most respondents reported taking hygiene-related precautions to prevent COVID-19; more respondents reported handwashing (93%) than disinfecting surfaces (74%). Men, younger respondents, those with lower income and education levels, and respondents in self-rated poor health had lower reported rates of both handwashing and disinfecting surfaces. Communications about hygiene precautions for COVID-19 prevention may need to target sub-populations with the greatest gaps in hygiene-related practices. Research identifying barriers to these practices and developing effective messaging could inform and improve these communications.

scholarly journals Happiness in Communities: How Neighborhoods, Cities and States Use Subjective Well-Being Metrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Musikanski ◽  
Carl Polley ◽  
Scott Cloutier ◽  
Erica Berejnoi ◽  
Julia Colbert
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Community Organizers ◽  
Survey Instruments

This essay, the fourth and last of a series published by the<em> Journal of Social Change</em>, is intended as a tool for community organizers, local policy makers, researchers, students and others to incorporate subjective well-being indicators into their measurements and management of happiness and well-being in their communities, for policy purposes, for research and for other purposes. It provides case studies of community-based efforts in five different regions (São Paulo, Brazil; Bristol, United Kingdom; Melbourne, Australia; Creston, British Columbia, Canada; and Vermont, United States) that either developed their own subjective well-being index or used the Happiness Alliance’s survey instrument to measure happiness and well-being. The essay offers lessons to consider when using subjective well-being indicator survey instruments. Finally, the essay provides a process for measuring happiness using the Happiness Alliance’s survey instrument.

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