scholarly journals Tentativas de Controlo do Peso na População Adulta Portuguesa: Prevalência, Motivos e Comportamentos

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Santos ◽  
Ana M. Andrade ◽  
Pedro J. Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maintenance Strategies ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

<strong>Introduction:</strong> In Portugal, there are no representative data on how many people are actively trying to control their weight and which strategies and motives underlie those attempts. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of weight loss/maintenance attempts and to identify the associated behavioral strategies and motives, in a representative sample of Portuguese adults.<br /><strong>Material and Methods</strong>: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 1098 Portuguese adults. Sociodemographic information, anthropometric data and weight loss/maintenance strategies and motives were assessed by telephone interview.<br /><strong>Results</strong>: About 44% of Portuguese adults (53% women and 35% men) are actively trying to control their weight. About 22% of women with normal weight are trying to lose weight while 53% of men and 34% of women with excess weight are not trying to manage their weight. About 49% of men with higher educational level are trying to control their weight, which compares to 32% among the least educated men. The most frequently used strategy to manage weight is regular vegetable consumption and the motives most frequently<br />reported were improving health/preventing diseases and improving wellbeing.<br /><strong>Discussion and Conclusion</strong>: More than half of Portuguese women and about one-third of men are actively trying to control their weight, using behavioral strategies which are generally consistent with public health recommendations. The predominant motives are related to improving health and wellbeing. This study contributes to understanding weight management in Portugal, and could be useful in the development of obesity prevention strategies that match the population profile.<br /><strong>Keywords</strong>: Behavior; Obesity; Overweight; Portugal; Weight Loss.

scholarly journals Self-Report Dieters: Who Are They?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Sares-Jäske ◽  
Paul Knekt ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Olavi Lindfors ◽  
Markku Heliövaara
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Actual Health

Dieting attempts have become popular worldwide. Dieting, however, seems to have both positive and negative health-related consequences. So far, only a few studies have focused on the determinants of dieting in detail. This study explores the association between self-report dieting attempts and intentional weight loss (IWL) during the previous year and several demographic, lifestyle, health, and psychological factors in a cross-sectional study design using data from the representative Finnish Health 2000 Survey. The sample comprised 2147 men and 2378 women, aged 30–69. Information for potential determinants was assembled via health examinations, interviews, and questionnaires. Approximately 24% of the men and 39% of the women reported dieting attempts and 10% of the men and 15% of the women reported IWL. Dieting attempts were associated with younger age, education, BMI, formerly smoking, more favourable values in lifestyle variables, and unfavorable values in serum HDL and triglycerides, a worse sense of coherence, concerns about one’s appearance, and concerns about one’s health. Among men, diabetics and those sleeping ≤6 h a night more frequently reported dieting attempts and those with osteoarthritis reported IWL. Moreover, the gradient between BMI and dieting attempts was significantly stronger in men than in women. Men seem to attempt dieting when they have actual health-related reasons, while such reasons are not so strongly associated with dieting in women. These findings can be used for determining subpopulations with obesity and real weight-loss needs and, alternatively, subpopulations with normal weight unnecessarily attempting dieting.

scholarly journals Personality Traits and Weight Loss Maintenance: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis Koutras ◽  
Stavri Chrysostomou ◽  
Konstantinos Giannakou ◽  
Mary H. Kosmidis ◽  
Mary Yannakoulia
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Purpose: This cross-sectional study was based on the Cypriot cohort of the MedWeight study and examined differences between maintainers and regainers regarding personality traits.Methods: Participants were men and women who reported being at least overweight and experienced an intentional weight loss of ≥10% of their maximum weight, at least 1 year before participation. Assessment of personality, diet and physical activity was conducted through validated questionnaires and with 24 h recalls.Results: Findings from logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds of maintaining weight loss increased to 50% for agreeableness and decreased to 20 and 7% for perseverance and motor impulsiveness, respectively.Conclusion: Specific aspects of personality and impulsivity are relevant to weight loss maintenance and need to be considered when developing weight management interventions.

scholarly journals Weight-related behaviors and weight loss maintenance: a cross-sectional study in Cyprus

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis Koutras ◽  
S. Chrysostomou ◽  
K. Giannakou ◽  
M. Yannakoulia
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Weight Loss Maintenance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intentional Weight Loss ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Secondary Objective ◽  
Successful Weight Loss

Abstract Background This study examined the differences between maintainers and regainers regarding obesity related eating behaviors. A secondary objective was to develop an eating behavior index predicting the likelihood of successful weight loss maintenance. Methods The current cross-sectional evaluation conducted in Cyprus was part of the MedWeight (Greek) study. Eligible for participation were Cypriot (maintainers = 145; regainers = 87) adult men and women who reported being at least overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and experienced an intentional weight loss of ≥10% of their maximum lifetime weight, at least 1 year before participation. Among other assessments, weight-related behaviors were evaluated through Weight-Related Behaviors Index (WRBI). Results Statistically significant differences between the two groups were observed regarding meals per day (P = 0.008), frequency of eating home cooked meals (P = 0.004) and WRBI total score (P = 0.022). Results from logistic regression models indicated that the odds of maintaining weight loss increase at 30% (Model 1: P < 0.05, Odds ratio 1.306, 1.095–1.556 95% C.I., Model 2: P < 0.05, OR 1.308, 1.097–1.560 95% C.I.) and at 38% after adjusting for physical activity (Model 3: P < 0.05, OR 1.377, 1.114–1.701 95% C.I..) for each point scored in WRBI total score. Conclusions Eating more frequently home cooked meals and less eating away from home meals may be beneficially associated with weight loss maintenance. WRBI seems to be a useful tool when dealing with patients who have previously lost significant weight.

scholarly journals Frequent neurocognitive deficits after recovery from mild COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel S Woo ◽  
Jakob Malsy ◽  
Jana Pöttgen ◽  
Susan Seddiq Zai ◽  
Friederike Ufer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Complications ◽  
Moderate Disease

Abstract Neuropsychiatric complications associated with coronavirus disease 2019 caused by the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) are increasingly appreciated. While most studies have focussed on severely affected individuals during acute infection, it remains unclear whether mild COVID-19 results in neurocognitive deficits in young patients. Here, we established a screening approach to detect cognitive deficiencies in post-COVID-19 patients. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 18 mostly young patients 20–105 days (median, 85 days) after recovery from mild to moderate disease who visited our outpatient clinic for post-COVID-19 care. Notably, 14 (78%) patients reported sustained mild cognitive deficits and performed worse in the Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status screening test for mild cognitive impairment compared to 10 age-matched healthy controls. While short-term memory, attention and concentration were particularly affected by COVID-19, screening results did not correlate with hospitalization, treatment, viremia or acute inflammation. Additionally, Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status scores did not correlate with depressed mood or fatigue. In two severely affected patients, we excluded structural or other inflammatory causes by magnetic resonance imaging, serum and cerebrospinal fluid analyses. Together, our results demonstrate that sustained sub-clinical cognitive impairments might be a common complication after recovery from COVID-19 in young adults, regardless of clinical course that were unmasked by our diagnostic approach.

scholarly journals Alterations in glutathione redox homeostasis among adolescents with obesity and anemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Alkazemi ◽  
Abdur Rahman ◽  
Banan Habra
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gpx Activity

AbstractThe reduced (GSH)-to-oxidized (GSSG) glutathione ratio represents a dynamic balance between oxidants and antioxidants. However, redox status in adolescents with obesity and anemia has not been investigated. This study investigated the association of erythrocyte GSH redox status (GSH, GSH:GSSG ratio, and glutathione peroxidase [GPx] activity) with anemia and adiposity in adolescents. This case–control study nested in a cross-sectional study enrolled 524 adolescents (268 boys; 256 girls). The prevalence of anemia in overweight and obesity (OWOB) was 5.2% in boys and 11.7% in girls. The GSH:GSSG ratio and GPx activity were significantly higher in girls than in boys (p < 0.001), in anemic than in non-anemic subjects (p < 0.001), and in OWOB than in normal-weight subjects (p < 0.001). Similarly, significantly higher GSH: GSSG level (p < 0.001) and GPx activity (p < 0.001) were found in subjects with 90th percentile waist circumference than in those with < 90th percentile. GPx and GSH:GSSG were positively associated with anemia after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (adjusted odds ratio, adjOR [95% confidence interval, CI] 2.18 [1.44–3.29]) or tertiles (adjOR [95% CI], T3 = 2.49 [1.03–6.01]). A similar association was noted for GSH and GPx. A compensatory increased redox defense mechanism exists in anemia and obesity among adolescents without metabolic disturbances.

Grazing Behavior Hinders Weight Loss in Long-Term Post Bariatric Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Cristina Lins Berber ◽  
Mariana Silva Melendez-Araújo ◽  
Eduardo Yoshio Nakano ◽  
Kênia Mara Baiocchi de Carvalho ◽  
Eliane Said Dutra
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grazing Behavior ◽  
Post Bariatric Surgery

scholarly journals Current understanding and implementation of ‘care navigation’ across England: a cross-sectional study of NHS clinical commissioning groups

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (687) ◽  
pp. e675-e681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Tierney ◽  
Geoff Wong ◽  
Kamal R Mahtani
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Social Prescribing ◽  
Evaluation Of Care

BackgroundCare navigation is an avenue to link patients to activities or organisations that can help address non-medical needs affecting health and wellbeing. An understanding of how care navigation is being implemented across primary care is lacking.AimTo determine how ‘care navigation’ is interpreted and currently implemented by clinical commissioning groups (CCGs).Design and settingA cross-sectional study involving CCGs in England.MethodA questionnaire was sent to all CCGs inviting them to comment on who provided care navigation, the type of patients for whom care navigation was provided, how individuals were referred, and whether services were being evaluated. Responses were summarised using descriptive statistics.ResultsThe authors received usable responses from 83% of CCGs (n = 162), and of these >90% (n = 147) had some form of care navigation running in their area. A total of 75 different titles were used to describe the role. Most services were open to all adult patients, though particular groups may have been targeted; for example, people who are older and those with long-term conditions. Referrals tended to be made by a professional, or people were identified by a receptionist when they presented to a surgery. Evaluation of care navigation services was limited.ConclusionThere is a policy steer to engaging patients in social prescribing, using some form of care navigator to help with this. Results from this study highlight that, although this type of role is being provided, its implementation is heterogeneous. This could make comparison and the pooling of data on care navigation difficult. It may also leave patients unsure about what care navigation is about and how it could help them.

Prevalence of Physical Activity Among Lebanese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Al-Tannir ◽  
Samer Kobrosly ◽  
Taha Itani ◽  
Mariam El-Rajab ◽  
Sawsan Tannir
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Physical Activity Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

Background:This survey aims to assess the prevalence of physical activity among adult Lebanese, and to report the relationship between sociodemographic variables and physical activity behavior, highlighting the correlates discouraging people to carry out physical activity.Methods:A cross-sectional study using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire was conducted on 346 adults from four Lebanese districts. Demographic characteristics, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and medical history were obtained.Results:Prevalence of physical activity among Lebanese adults was 55.5% (192/346). Age, BMI, marital status, medical history, occupation, educational level, and smoking were significantly associated with physical activity (P < .05). Inactive obese participants were about three times more likely to report hypertension and diabetes than inactive normal weight participants (P = .013). BMI was significantly higher among inactive participants (P = .014).Conclusion:Physical activity among Lebanese adults was comparable to other populations. Married, non–office workers, and smokers were the main correlates of physical inactivity in Lebanese adulthood.

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